30 & 31 Victoria, c. 3. (U.K.) (Consolidated with amendments)
An Act for the Union of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New
Brunswick, [29th March 1867.] |
Whereas the Provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia, and
New Brunswick have expressed their Desire to be
federally united into One Dominion under the Crown
of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
with a Constitution similar in Principle to that of
the United Kingdom:
And whereas such a Union would conduce to the Welfare of the Provinces and promote the Interests of the British Empire: And whereas on the Establishment of the Union by Authority of Parliament it is expedient, not only that the Constitution of the Legislative Authority in the Dominion be provided for, but also that the Nature of the Executive Government therein be declared: And whereas it is expedient that Provision be made for the eventual Admission into the Union of other Parts of British North America: (1) |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short title | 1. |
This Act may be cited as the Constitution Act,
1867. (2) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[Repealed] | 2. |
Repealed. (3) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Declaration of Union | 3. |
It shall be lawful for the Queen, by and with the
Advice of Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy
Council, to declare by Proclamation that, on and
after a Day therein appointed, not being more than
Six Months after the passing of this Act, the
Provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick
shall form and be One Dominion under the Name of
Canada; and on and after that Day those Three
Provinces shall form and be One Dominion under that
Name accordingly.
(4) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of subsequent Provisions of Act | 4. | Unless it is otherwise expressed or implied, the Name Canada shall be taken to mean Canada as constituted under this Act. (5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Four Provinces | 5. | Canada shall be divided into Four Provinces, named Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick. (6) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provinces of Ontario and Quebec | 6. | The Parts of the Province of Canada (as it exists at the passing of this Act) which formerly constituted respectively the Provinces of Upper Canada and Lower Canada shall be deemed to be severed, and shall form Two separate Provinces. The Part which formerly constituted the Province of Upper Canada shall constitute the Province of Ontario; and the Part which formerly constituted the Province of Lower Canada shall constitute the Province of Quebec. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provinces of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick | 7. | The Provinces of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick shall have the same Limits as at the passing of this Act. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Decennial Census | 8. |
In the general Census of the Population of Canada
which is hereby required to be taken in the Year One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, and in every
Tenth Year thereafter, the respective Populations of
the Four Provinces shall be distinguished. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Declaration of Executive Power in the Queen | 9. | The Executive Government and Authority of and over Canada is hereby declared to continue and be vested in the Queen. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Application of Provisions referring to Governor General | 10. | The Provisions of this Act referring to the Governor General extend and apply to the Governor General for the Time being of Canada, or other the Chief Executive Officer or Administrator for the Time being carrying on the Government of Canada on behalf and in the Name of the Queen, by whatever Title he is designated. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Constitution of Privy Council for Canada | 11. | There shall be a Council to aid and advise in the Government of Canada, to be styled the Queen's Privy Council for Canada; and the Persons who are to be Members of that Council shall be from Time to Time chosen and summoned by the Governor General and sworn in as Privy Councillors, and Members thereof may be from Time to Time removed by the Governor General. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All Powers under Acts to be exercised by Governor General with Advice of Privy Council, or alone | 12. | All Powers, Authorities, and Functions which under any Act of the Parliament of Great Britain, or of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, or of the Legislature of Upper Canada, Lower Canada, Canada, Nova Scotia, or New Brunswick, are at the Union vested in or exerciseable by the respective Governors or Lieutenant Governors of those Provinces, with the Advice, or with the Advice and Consent, of the respective Executive Councils thereof, or in conjunction with those Councils, or with any Number of Members thereof, or by those Governors or Lieutenant Governors individually, shall, as far as the same continue in existence and capable of being exercised after the Union in relation to the Government of Canada, be vested in and exerciseable by the Governor General, with the Advice or with the Advice and Consent of or in conjunction with the Queen's Privy Council for Canada, or any Members thereof, or by the Governor General individually, as the Case requires, subject nevertheless (except with respect to such as exist under Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain or of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland) to be abolished or altered by the Parliament of Canada. (7) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Application of Provisions referring to Governor General in Council | 13. | The Provisions of this Act referring to the Governor General in Council shall be construed as referring to the Governor General acting by and with the Advice of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power to Her Majesty to authorize Governor General to appoint Deputies | 14. | It shall be lawful for the Queen, if Her Majesty thinks fit, to authorize the Governor General from Time to Time to appoint any Person or any Persons jointly or severally to be his Deputy or Deputies within any Part or Parts of Canada, and in that Capacity to exercise during the Pleasure of the Governor General such of the Powers, Authorities, and Functions of the Governor General as the Governor General deems it necessary or expedient to assign to him or them, subject to any Limitations or Directions expressed or given by the Queen; but the Appointment of such a Deputy or Deputies shall not affect the Exercise by the Governor General himself of any Power, Authority, or Function. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Command of Armed Forces to continue to be vested in the Queen | 15. | The Command-in-Chief of the Land and Naval Militia, and of all Naval and Military Forces, of and in Canada, is hereby declared to continue and be vested in the Queen. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seat of Government of Canada | 16. |
Until the Queen otherwise directs, the Seat of
Government of Canada shall be Ottawa. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Constitution of Parliament of Canada | 17. | There shall be One Parliament for Canada, consisting of the Queen, an Upper House styled the Senate, and the House of Commons. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Privileges, etc., of Houses | 18. | The privileges, immunities, and powers to be held, enjoyed, and exercised by the Senate and by the House of Commons, and by the members thereof respectively, shall be such as are from time to time defined by Act of the Parliament of Canada, but so that any Act of the Parliament of Canada defining such privileges, immunities, and powers shall not confer any privileges, immunities, or powers exceeding those at the passing of such Act held, enjoyed, and exercised by the Commons House of Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and by the members thereof. (8) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
First Session of the Parliament of Canada | 19. | The Parliament of Canada shall be called together not later than Six Months after the Union. (9) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[Repealed] | 20. |
Repealed. (10) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
THE SENATE |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of Senators | 21. | The Senate shall, subject to the Provisions of this Act, consist of One Hundred and five Members, who shall be styled Senators. (11) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Representation of Provinces in Senate | 22. |
In relation to the Constitution of the Senate Canada
shall be deemed to consist of Four Divisions:
which Four Divisions shall (subject to the Provisions of this Act) be equally represented in the Senate as follows: Ontario by twenty-four senators; Quebec by twenty-four senators; the Maritime Provinces and Prince Edward Island by twenty-four senators, ten thereof representing Nova Scotia, ten thereof representing New Brunswick, and four thereof representing Prince Edward Island; the Western Provinces by twenty-four senators, six thereof representing Manitoba, six thereof representing British Columbia, six thereof representing Saskatchewan, and six thereof representing Alberta; Newfoundland shall be entitled to be represented in the Senate by six members; the Yukon Territory and the Northwest Territories shall be entitled to be represented in the Senate by one member each. In the Case of Quebec each of the Twenty-four Senators representing that Province shall be appointed for One of the Twenty-four Electoral Divisions of Lower Canada specified in Schedule A. to Chapter One of the Consolidated Statutes of Canada. (12) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Qualifications of Senator | 23. |
The Qualifications of a Senator shall be as follows:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Summons of Senator | 24. | The Governor General shall from Time to Time, in the Queen's Name, by Instrument under the Great Seal of Canada, summon qualified Persons to the Senate; and, subject to the Provisions of this Act, every Person so summoned shall become and be a Member of the Senate and a Senator. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[Repealed] | 25. | Repealed. (14) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Addition of Senators in certain cases | 26. | If at any Time on the Recommendation of the Governor General the Queen thinks fit to direct that Four or Eight Members be added to the Senate, the Governor General may by Summons to Four or Eight qualified Persons (as the Case may be), representing equally the Four Divisions of Canada, add to the Senate accordingly. (15) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reduction of Senate to normal Number | 27. | In case of such Addition being at any Time made, the Governor General shall not summon any Person to the Senate, except on a further like Direction by the Queen on the like Recommendation, to represent one of the Four Divisions until such Division is represented by Twenty-four Senators and no more. (16) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maximum Number of Senators | 28. | The Number of Senators shall not at any Time exceed One Hundred and thirteen. (17) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tenure of Place in Senate | 29. | (1) Subject to subsection (2), a Senator shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, hold his place in the Senate for life. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement upon attaining age of seventy-five years | (2) A Senator who is summoned to the Senate after the coming into force of this subsection shall, subject to this Act, hold his place in the Senate until he attains the age of seventy-five years. (18) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Resignation of Place in Senate | 30. | A Senator may by Writing under his Hand addressed to the Governor General resign his Place in the Senate, and thereupon the same shall be vacant. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disqualification of Senators | 31. |
The Place of a Senator shall become vacant in any of
the following Cases:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Summons on Vacancy in Senate | 32. | When a Vacancy happens in the Senate by Resignation, Death, or otherwise, the Governor General shall by Summons to a fit and qualified Person fill the Vacancy. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Questions as to Qualifications and Vacancies in Senate | 33. | If any Question arises respecting the Qualification of a Senator or a Vacancy in the Senate the same shall be heard and determined by the Senate. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Appointment of Speaker of Senate | 34. | The Governor General may from Time to Time, by Instrument under the Great Seal of Canada, appoint a Senator to be Speaker of the Senate, and may remove him and appoint another in his Stead. (19) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Quorum of Senate | 35. | Until the Parliament of Canada otherwise provides, the Presence of at least Fifteen Senators, including the Speaker, shall be necessary to constitute a Meeting of the Senate for the Exercise of its Powers. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Voting in Senate | 36. |
Questions arising in the Senate shall be decided by
a Majority of Voices, and the Speaker shall in all
Cases have a Vote, and when the Voices are equal the
Decision shall be deemed to be in the Negative. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Constitution of House of Commons in Canada | 37. | The House of Commons shall, subject to the Provisions of this Act, consist of two hundred and ninety-five members of whom ninety-nine shall be elected for Ontario, seventy-five for Quebec, eleven for Nova Scotia, ten for New Brunswick, fourteen for Manitoba, thirty-two for British Columbia, four for Prince Edward Island, twenty-six for Alberta, fourteen for Saskatchewan, seven for Newfoundland, one for the Yukon Territory and two for the Northwest Territories. (20) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Summoning of House of Commons | 38. | The Governor General shall from Time to Time, in the Queen's Name, by Instrument under the Great Seal of Canada, summon and call together the House of Commons. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senators not to sit in House of Commons | 39. | A Senator shall not be capable of being elected or of sitting or voting as a Member of the House of Commons. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electoral districts of the four Provinces | 40. |
Until the Parliament of Canada otherwise provides,
Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick
shall, for the Purposes of the Election of Members
to serve in the House of Commons, be divided into
Electoral Districts as follows:
1. Ontario
2. Quebec
3. Nova Scotia
4. New Brunswick |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Continuance of existing Election Laws until Parliament of Canada otherwise provides | 41. |
Until the Parliament of Canada otherwise provides,
all Laws in force in the several Provinces at the
Union relative to the following Matters or any of
them, namely, the Qualifications and
Disqualifications of Persons to be elected or to sit
or vote as Members of the House of Assembly or
Legislative Assembly in the several Provinces, the
Voters at Elections of such Members, the Oaths to be
taken by Voters, the Returning Officers, their
Powers and Duties, the Proceedings at Elections, the
Periods during which Elections may be continued, the
Trial of controverted Elections, and Proceedings
incident thereto, the vacating of Seats of Members,
and the Execution of new Writs in case of Seats
vacated otherwise than by Dissolution, shall
respectively apply to Elections of Members to serve
in the House of Commons for the same several
Provinces.
Provided that, until the Parliament of Canada otherwise provides, at any Election for a Member of the House of Commons for the District of Algoma, in addition to Persons qualified by the Law of the Province of Canada to vote, every Male British Subject, aged Twenty-one Years or upwards, being a Householder, shall have a Vote. (22) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[Repealed] | 42. | Repealed. (23) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[Repealed] | 43. | Repealed. (24) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As to Election of Speaker of House of Commons | 44. | The House of Commons on its first assembling after a General Election shall proceed with all practicable Speed to elect One of its Members to be Speaker. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As to filling up Vacancy in Office of Speaker | 45. | In case of a Vacancy happening in the Office of Speaker by Death, Resignation, or otherwise, the House of Commons shall with all practicable Speed proceed to elect another of its Members to be Speaker. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Speaker to preside | 46. | The Speaker shall preside at all Meetings of the House of Commons. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision in case of Absence of Speaker | 47. | Until the Parliament of Canada otherwise provides, in case of the Absence for any Reason of the Speaker from the Chair of the House of Commons for a Period of Forty-eight consecutive Hours, the House may elect another of its Members to act as Speaker, and the Member so elected shall during the Continuance of such Absence of the Speaker have and execute all the Powers, Privileges, and Duties of Speaker. (25) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Quorum of House of Commons | 48. | The Presence of at least Twenty Members of the House of Commons shall be necessary to constitute a Meeting of the House for the Exercise of its Powers, and for that Purpose the Speaker shall be reckoned as a Member. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Voting in House of Commons | 49. | Questions arising in the House of Commons shall be decided by a Majority of Voices other than that of the Speaker, and when the Voices are equal, but not otherwise, the Speaker shall have a Vote. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Duration of House of Commons | 50. | Every House of Commons shall continue for Five Years from the Day of the Return of the Writs for choosing the House (subject to be sooner dissolved by the Governor General), and no longer. (26) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Readjustment of representation in Commons | 51. | (1) The number of members of the House of Commons and the representation of the provinces therein shall, on the coming into force of this subsection and thereafter on the completion of each decennial census, be readjusted by such authority, in such manner, and from such time as the Parliament of Canada from time to time provides, subject and according to the following rules: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rules |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories and Nunavut |
(2) The Yukon Territory as bounded and described in the schedule to chapter Y-2 of the Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, shall be entitled to one member, the Northwest Territories as bounded and described in section 2 of chapter N-27 of the Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, as amended by section 77 of chapter 28 of the Statutes of Canada, 1993, shall be entitled to one member, and Nunavut as bounded and described in section 3 of chapter 28 of the Statutes of Canada, 1993, shall be entitled to one member. (28) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Constitution of House of Commons | 51A. | Notwithstanding anything in this Act a province shall always be entitled to a number of members in the House of Commons not less than the number of senators representing such province. (29) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Increase of Number of House of Commons | 52. |
The Number of Members of the House of Commons may be
from Time to Time increased by the Parliament of
Canada, provided the proportionate Representation of
the Provinces prescribed by this Act is not thereby
disturbed. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MONEY VOTES; ROYAL ASSENT |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Appropriation and Tax Bills | 53. | Bills for appropriating any Part of the Public Revenue, or for imposing any Tax or Impost, shall originate in the House of Commons. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recommendation of Money Votes | 54. | It shall not be lawful for the House of Commons to adopt or pass any Vote, Resolution, Address, or Bill for the Appropriation of any Part of the Public Revenue, or of any Tax or Impost, to any Purpose that has not been first recommended to that House by Message of the Governor General in the Session in which such Vote, Resolution, Address, or Bill is proposed. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Royal Assent to Bills, etc. | 55. | Where a Bill passed by the Houses of the Parliament is presented to the Governor General for the Queen's Assent, he shall declare, according to his Discretion, but subject to the Provisions of this Act and to Her Majesty's Instructions, either that he assents thereto in the Queen's Name, or that he withholds the Queen's Assent, or that he reserves the Bill for the Signification of the Queen's Pleasure. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disallowance by Order in Council of Act assented to by Governor General | 56. | Where the Governor General assents to a Bill in the Queen's Name, he shall by the first convenient Opportunity send an authentic Copy of the Act to One of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, and if the Queen in Council within Two Years after Receipt thereof by the Secretary of State thinks fit to disallow the Act, such Disallowance (with a Certificate of the Secretary of State of the Day on which the Act was received by him) being signified by the Governor General, by Speech or Message to each of the Houses of the Parliament or by Proclamation, shall annul the Act from and after the Day of such Signification. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Signification of Queen's Pleasure on Bill reserved | 57. |
A Bill reserved for the Signification of the Queen's
Pleasure shall not have any Force unless and until,
within Two Years from the Day on which it was
presented to the Governor General for the Queen's
Assent, the Governor General signifies, by Speech or
Message to each of the Houses of the Parliament or
by Proclamation, that it has received the Assent of
the Queen in Council.
An Entry of every such Speech, Message, or
Proclamation shall be made in the Journal of each
House, and a Duplicate thereof duly attested
shall be delivered to the proper Officer to be
kept among the Records of Canada. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EXECUTIVE POWER |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Appointment of Lieutenant Governors of Provinces | 58. | For each Province there shall be an Officer, styled the Lieutenant Governor, appointed by the Governor General in Council by Instrument under the Great Seal of Canada. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tenure of Office of Lieutenant Governor | 59. | A Lieutenant Governor shall hold Office during the Pleasure of the Governor General; but any Lieutenant Governor appointed after the Commencement of the First Session of the Parliament of Canada shall not be removeable within Five Years from his Appointment, except for Cause assigned, which shall be communicated to him in Writing within One Month after the Order for his Removal is made, and shall be communicated by Message to the Senate and to the House of Commons within One Week thereafter if the Parliament is then sitting, and if not then within One Week after the Commencement of the next Session of the Parliament. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salaries of Lieutenant Governors | 60. | The Salaries of the Lieutenant Governors shall be fixed and provided by the Parliament of Canada. (30) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oaths, etc., of Lieutenant Governor | 61. | Every Lieutenant Governor shall, before assuming the Duties of his Office, make and subscribe before the Governor General or some Person authorized by him Oaths of Allegiance and Office similar to those taken by the Governor General. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Application of Provisions referring to Lieutenant Governor | 62. | The Provisions of this Act referring to the Lieutenant Governor extend and apply to the Lieutenant Governor for the Time being of each Province, or other the Chief Executive Officer or Administrator for the Time being carrying on the Government of the Province, by whatever Title he is designated. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Appointment of Executive Officers for Ontario and Quebec | 63. | The Executive Council of Ontario and of Quebec shall be composed of such Persons as the Lieutenant Governor from Time to Time thinks fit, and in the first instance of the following Officers, namely, the Attorney General, the Secretary and Registrar of the Province, the Treasurer of the Province, the Commissioner of Crown Lands, and the Commissioner of Agriculture and Public Works, with in Quebec the Speaker of the Legislative Council and the Solicitor General. (31) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Executive Government of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick | 64. | The Constitution of the Executive Authority in each of the Provinces of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick shall, subject to the Provisions of this Act, continue as it exists at the Union until altered under the Authority of this Act. (32) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Powers to be exercised by Lieutenant Governor of Ontario or Quebec with Advice, or alone | 65. | All Powers, Authorities, and Functions which under any Act of the Parliament of Great Britain, or of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, or of the Legislature of Upper Canada, Lower Canada, or Canada, were or are before or at the Union vested in or exerciseable by the respective Governors or Lieutenant Governors of those Provinces, with the Advice or with the Advice and Consent of the respective Executive Councils thereof, or in conjunction with those Councils, or with any Number of Members thereof, or by those Governors or Lieutenant Governors individually, shall, as far as the same are capable of being exercised after the Union in relation to the Government of Ontario and Quebec respectively, be vested in and shall or may be exercised by the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario and Quebec respectively, with the Advice or with the Advice and Consent of or in conjunction with the respective Executive Councils, or any Members thereof, or by the Lieutenant Governor individually, as the Case requires, subject nevertheless (except with respect to such as exist under Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain, or of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,) to be abolished or altered by the respective Legislatures of Ontario and Quebec. (33) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Application of Provisions referring to Lieutenant Governor in Council | 66. | The Provisions of this Act referring to the Lieutenant Governor in Council shall be construed as referring to the Lieutenant Governor of the Province acting by and with the Advice of the Executive Council thereof. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Administration in Absence, etc., of Lieutenant Governor | 67. | The Governor General in Council may from Time to Time appoint an Administrator to execute the Office and Functions of Lieutenant Governor during his Absence, Illness, or other Inability. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seats of Provincial Governments | 68. |
Unless and until the Executive Government of any
Province otherwise directs with respect to that
Province, the Seats of Government of the Provinces
shall be as follows, namely, of Ontario, the
City of Toronto; of Quebec, the City of Quebec; of
Nova Scotia, the City of Halifax; and of New
Brunswick, the City of Fredericton. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LEGISLATIVE POWER |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Legislature for Ontario | 69. | There shall be a Legislature for Ontario consisting of the Lieutenant Governor and of One House, styled the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electoral districts | 70. | The Legislative Assembly of Ontario shall be composed of Eighty-two Members, to be elected to represent the Eighty-two Electoral Districts set forth in the First Schedule to this Act. (34) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2. QUEBEC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Legislature for Quebec | 71. | There shall be a Legislature for Quebec consisting of the Lieutenant Governor and of Two Houses, styled the Legislative Council of Quebec and the Legislative Assembly of Quebec. (35) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Constitution of Legislative Council | 72. | The Legislative Council of Quebec shall be composed of Twenty-four Members, to be appointed by the Lieutenant Governor, in the Queen's Name, by Instrument under the Great Seal of Quebec, one being appointed to represent each of the Twenty-four Electoral Divisions of Lower Canada in this Act referred to, and each holding Office for the Term of his Life, unless the Legislature of Quebec otherwise provides under the Provisions of this Act. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Qualification of Legislative Councillors | 73. | The Qualifications of the Legislative Councillors of Quebec shall be the same as those of the Senators for Quebec. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Resignation, Disqualification, etc. | 74. | The Place of a Legislative Councillor of Quebec shall become vacant in the Cases, mutatis mutandis, in which the Place of Senator becomes vacant. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vacancies | 75. | When a Vacancy happens in the Legislative Council of Quebec by Resignation, Death, or otherwise, the Lieutenant Governor, in the Queen's Name, by Instrument under the Great Seal of Quebec, shall appoint a fit and qualified Person to fill the Vacancy. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Questions as to Vacancies, etc. | 76. | If any Question arises respecting the Qualification of a Legislative Councillor of Quebec, or a Vacancy in the Legislative Council of Quebec, the same shall be heard and determined by the Legislative Council. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Speaker of Legislative Council | 77. | The Lieutenant Governor may from Time to Time, by Instrument under the Great Seal of Quebec, appoint a Member of the Legislative Council of Quebec to be Speaker thereof, and may remove him and appoint another in his Stead. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Quorum of Legislative Council | 78. | Until the Legislature of Quebec otherwise provides, the Presence of at least Ten Members of the Legislative Council, including the Speaker, shall be necessary to constitute a Meeting for the Exercise of its Powers. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Voting in Legislative Council | 79. | Questions arising in the Legislative Council of Quebec shall be decided by a Majority of Voices, and the Speaker shall in all Cases have a Vote, and when the Voices are equal the Decision shall be deemed to be in the Negative. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Constitution of Legislative Assembly of Quebec | 80. | The Legislative
Assembly of Quebec shall be composed of Sixty-five Members, to be
elected to represent the Sixty-five Electoral Divisions or Districts
of Lower Canada in this Act referred to, subject to Alteration
thereof by the Legislature of Quebec: Provided that it shall not be
lawful to present to the Lieutenant Governor of Quebec for Assent
any Bill for altering the Limits of any of the Electoral Divisions
or Districts mentioned in the Second Schedule to this Act, unless
the Second and Third Readings of such Bill have been passed in the
Legislative Assembly with the Concurrence of the Majority of the
Members representing all those Electoral Divisions or Districts, and
the Assent shall not be given to such Bill unless an Address has
been presented by the Legislative Assembly to the Lieutenant
Governor stating that it has been so passed. (36) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3. ONTARIO AND QUEBEC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[Repealed] | 81. | Repealed. (37) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Summoning of Legislative Assemblies | 82. | The Lieutenant Governor of Ontario and of Quebec shall from Time to Time, in the Queen's Name, by Instrument under the Great Seal of the Province, summon and call together the Legislative Assembly of the Province. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restriction on election of Holders of offices | 83. | Until the Legislature of Ontario or of Quebec otherwise provides, a Person accepting or holding in Ontario or in Quebec any Office, Commission, or Employment, permanent or temporary, at the Nomination of the Lieutenant Governor, to which an annual Salary, or any Fee, Allowance, Emolument, or Profit of any Kind or Amount whatever from the Province is attached, shall not be eligible as a Member of the Legislative Assembly of the respective Province, nor shall he sit or vote as such; but nothing in this Section shall make ineligible any Person being a Member of the Executive Council of the respective Province, or holding any of the following Offices, that is to say, the Offices of Attorney General, Secretary and Registrar of the Province, Treasurer of the Province, Commissioner of Crown Lands, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Public Works, and in Quebec Solicitor General, or shall disqualify him to sit or vote in the House for which he is elected, provided he is elected while holding such Office. (38) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Continuance of existing Election Laws | 84. | Until the legislatures
of Ontario and Quebec respectively otherwise provide, all Laws which
at the Union are in force in those Provinces respectively, relative
to the following Matters, or any of them, namely, the
Qualifications and Disqualifications of Persons to be elected or to
sit or vote as Members of the Assembly of Canada, the Qualifications
or Disqualifications of Voters, the Oaths to be taken by Voters, the
Returning Officers, their Powers and Duties, the Proceedings at
Elections, the Periods during which such Elections may be continued,
and the Trial of controverted Elections and the Proceedings incident
thereto, the vacating of the Seats of Members and the issuing and
execution of new Writs in case of Seats vacated otherwise than by
Dissolution, shall respectively apply to Elections of
Members to serve in the respective Legislative Assemblies of Ontario
and Quebec.
Provided that, until the Legislature of Ontario otherwise provides, at any Election for a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario for the District of Algoma, in addition to Persons qualified by the Law of the Province of Canada to vote, every Male British Subject, aged Twenty-one Years or upwards, being a Householder, shall have a Vote. (39) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Duration of Legislative Assemblies | 85. | Every Legislative Assembly of Ontario and every Legislative Assembly of Quebec shall continue for Four Years from the Day of the Return of the Writs for choosing the same (subject nevertheless to either the Legislative Assembly of Ontario or the Legislative Assembly of Quebec being sooner dissolved by the Lieutenant Governor of the Province), and no longer. (40) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yearly Session of Legislature | 86. | There shall be a Session of the Legislature of Ontario and of that of Quebec once at least in every Year, so that Twelve Months shall not intervene between the last Sitting of the Legislature in each Province in one Session and its first Sitting in the next Session. (41) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Speaker, Quorum, etc. | 87. | The following
Provisions of this Act respecting the House of Commons of Canada
shall extend and apply to the Legislative Assemblies of Ontario and
Quebec, that is to say, the Provisions relating to the
Election of a Speaker originally and on Vacancies, the Duties of the
Speaker, the Absence of the Speaker, the Quorum, and the Mode of
voting, as if those Provisions were here re-enacted and made
applicable in Terms to each such Legislative Assembly. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4. NOVA SCOTIA AND NEW BRUNSWICK | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Constitutions of Legislatures of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick | 88. | The Constitution of
the Legislature of each of the Provinces of Nova Scotia and New
Brunswick shall, subject to the Provisions of this Act, continue as
it exists at the Union until altered under the Authority of this
Act. (42) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5. ONTARIO, QUEBEC, AND NOVA SCOTIA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[Repealed] | 89. | Repealed. (43) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6. THE FOUR PROVINCES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Application to Legislatures of Provisions respecting Money Votes, etc. | 90. | The following
Provisions of this Act respecting the Parliament of Canada, namely,
the Provisions relating to Appropriation and Tax Bills, the
Recommendation of Money Votes, the Assent to Bills, the Disallowance
of Acts, and the Signification of Pleasure on Bills reserved,
shall extend and apply to the Legislatures of the several
Provinces as if those Provisions were here re-enacted and made
applicable in Terms to the respective Provinces and the Legislatures
thereof, with the Substitution of the Lieutenant Governor of the
Province for the Governor General, of the Governor General for the
Queen and for a Secretary of State, of One Year for Two Years, and
of the Province for Canada. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
POWERS OF THE PARLIAMENT | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Legislative Authority of Parliament of Canada | 91. | It shall be lawful for
the Queen, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate and
House of Commons, to make Laws for the Peace, Order, and good
Government of Canada, in relation to all Matters not coming within
the Classes of Subjects by this Act assigned exclusively to the
Legislatures of the Provinces; and for greater Certainty, but not so
as to restrict the Generality of the foregoing Terms of this
Section, it is hereby declared that (notwithstanding anything in
this Act) the exclusive Legislative Authority of the Parliament of
Canada extends to all Matters coming within the Classes of Subjects
next hereinafter enumerated; that is to say,
And any Matter coming within any of the
Classes of Subjects enumerated in this Section shall not be deemed
to come within the Class of Matters of a local or private Nature
comprised in the Enumeration of the Classes of Subjects by this Act
assigned exclusively to the Legislatures of the Provinces. (47) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EXCLUSIVE POWERS OF PROVINCIAL LEGISLATURES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subjects of exclusive Provincial Legislation | 92. | In each Province the
Legislature may exclusively make Laws in relation to Matters coming
within the Classes of Subjects next hereinafter enumerated; that is
to say,
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
NON-RENEWABLE NATURAL RESOURCES, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Laws respecting non-renewable natural resources, forestry resources and electrical energy | 92A. | (1) In each province,
the legislature may exclusively make laws in relation to
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Export from provinces of resources | (2) In each province, the legislature may make laws in relation to the export from the province to another part of Canada of the primary production from non-renewable natural resources and forestry resources in the province and the production from facilities in the province for the generation of electrical energy, but such laws may not authorize or provide for discrimination in prices or in supplies exported to another part of Canada. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Authority of Parliament | (3) Nothing in subsection (2) derogates from the authority of Parliament to enact laws in relation to the matters referred to in that subsection and, where such a law of Parliament and a law of a province conflict, the law of Parliament prevails to the extent of the conflict. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taxation of resources | (4) In each province,
the legislature may make laws in relation to the raising of money by
any mode or system of taxation in respect of
whether or not such production is exported in whole or in part from the province, but such laws may not authorize or provide for taxation that differentiates between production exported to another part of Canada and production not exported from the province. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
"Primary production" | (5) The expression "primary production" has the meaning assigned by the Sixth Schedule. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Existing powers or rights | (6) Nothing in
subsections (1) to (5) derogates from any powers or rights that a
legislature or government of a province had immediately before the
coming into force of this section. (49) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EDUCATION | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Legislation respecting Education | 93. | In and for each
Province the Legislature may exclusively make Laws in relation to
Education, subject and according to the following Provisions:
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Quebec | 93A. | Paragraphs (1) to (4)
of section 93 do not apply to Quebec. (50.1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UNIFORMITY OF LAWS IN ONTARIO, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Legislation for Uniformity of Laws in Three Provinces | 94. | Notwithstanding
anything in this Act, the Parliament of Canada may make Provision
for the Uniformity of all or any of the Laws relative to Property
and Civil Rights in Ontario, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick, and of
the Procedure of all or any of the Courts in those Three Provinces,
and from and after the passing of any Act in that Behalf the Power
of the Parliament of Canada to make Laws in relation to any Matter
comprised in any such Act shall, notwithstanding anything in this
Act, be unrestricted; but any Act of the Parliament of Canada making
Provision for such Uniformity shall not have effect in any Province
unless and until it is adopted and enacted as Law by the Legislature
thereof. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
OLD AGE PENSIONS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Legislation respecting old age pensions and supplementary benefits | 94A. | The Parliament of
Canada may make laws in relation to old age pensions and
supplementary benefits, including survivors' and disability benefits
irrespective of age, but no such law shall affect the operation of
any law present or future of a provincial legislature in relation to
any such matter. (51) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
AGRICULTURE AND IMMIGRATION | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrent Powers of Legislation respecting Agriculture, etc. | 95. | In each Province the
Legislature may make Laws in relation to Agriculture in the
Province, and to Immigration into the Province; and it is hereby
declared that the Parliament of Canada may from Time to Time make
Laws in relation to Agriculture in all or any of the Provinces, and
to Immigration into all or any of the Provinces; and any Law of the
Legislature of a Province relative to Agriculture or to Immigration
shall have effect in and for the Province as long and as far only as
it is not repugnant to any Act of the Parliament of Canada. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Appointment of Judges
|
96. | The Governor General shall appoint the Judges of the Superior, District, and County Courts in each Province, except those of the Courts of Probate in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selection of Judges in Ontario, etc. | 97. | Until the Laws relative to Property and Civil Rights in Ontario, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick, and the Procedure of the Courts in those Provinces, are made uniform, the Judges of the Courts of those Provinces appointed by the Governor General shall be selected from the respective Bars of those Provinces. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selection of Judges in Quebec | 98. | The Judges of the Courts of Quebec shall be selected from the Bar of that Province. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tenure of office of Judges | 99. | (1) Subject to subsection two of this section, the Judges of the Superior Courts shall hold office during good behaviour, but shall be removable by the Governor General on Address of the Senate and House of Commons. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Termination at age 75 | (2) A Judge of a Superior Court, whether appointed before or after the coming into force of this section, shall cease to hold office upon attaining the age of seventy-five years, or upon the coming into force of this section if at that time he has already attained that age. (52) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salaries, etc., of Judges | 100. | The Salaries, Allowances, and Pensions of the Judges of the Superior, District, and County Courts (except the Courts of Probate in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick), and of the Admiralty Courts in Cases where the Judges thereof are for the Time being paid by Salary, shall be fixed and provided by the Parliament of Canada. (53) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General Court of Appeal, etc. | 101. | The Parliament of
Canada may, notwithstanding anything in this Act, from Time to Time
provide for the Constitution, Maintenance, and Organization of a
General Court of Appeal for Canada, and for the Establishment of any
additional Courts for the better Administration of the Laws of
Canada. (54) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creation of Consolidated Revenue Fund | 102. | All Duties and Revenues over which the respective Legislatures of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick before and at the Union had and have Power of Appropriation, except such Portions thereof as are by this Act reserved to the respective Legislatures of the Provinces, or are raised by them in accordance with the special Powers conferred on them by this Act, shall form One Consolidated Revenue Fund, to be appropriated for the Public Service of Canada in the Manner and subject to the Charges in this Act provided. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expenses of Collection, etc. | 103. | The Consolidated Revenue Fund of Canada shall be permanently charged with the Costs, Charges, and Expenses incident to the Collection, Management, and Receipt thereof, and the same shall form the First Charge thereon, subject to be reviewed and audited in such Manner as shall be ordered by the Governor General in Council until the Parliament otherwise provides. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest of Provincial Public Debts | 104. | The annual Interest of the Public Debts of the several Provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick at the Union shall form the Second Charge on the Consolidated Revenue Fund of Canada. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salary of Governor General | 105. | Unless altered by the Parliament of Canada, the Salary of the Governor General shall be Ten thousand Pounds Sterling Money of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, payable out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of Canada, and the same shall form the Third Charge thereon. (55) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Appropriation from Time to Time | 106. | Subject to the several Payments by this Act charged on the Consolidated Revenue Fund of Canada, the same shall be appropriated by the Parliament of Canada for the Public Service. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer of Stocks, etc. | 107. | All Stocks, Cash, Banker's Balances, and Securities for Money belonging to each Province at the Time of the Union, except as in this Act mentioned, shall be the Property of Canada, and shall be taken in Reduction of the Amount of the respective Debts of the Provinces at the Union. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer of Property in Schedule | 108. | The Public Works and Property of each Province, enumerated in the Third Schedule to this Act, shall be the Property of Canada. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property in Lands, Mines, etc. | 109. | All Lands, Mines, Minerals, and Royalties belonging to the several Provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick at the Union, and all Sums then due or payable for such Lands, Mines, Minerals, or Royalties, shall belong to the several Provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick in which the same are situate or arise, subject to any Trusts existing in respect thereof, and to any Interest other than that of the Province in the same. (56) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets connected with Provincial Debts | 110. | All Assets connected with such Portions of the Public Debt of each Province as are assumed by that Province shall belong to that Province. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Canada to be liable for Provincial Debts | 111. | Canada shall be liable for the Debts and Liabilities of each Province existing at the Union. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debts of Ontario and Quebec | 112. | Ontario and Quebec conjointly shall be liable to Canada for the Amount (if any) by which the Debt of the Province of Canada exceeds at the Union Sixty-two million five hundred thousand Dollars, and shall be charged with Interest at the Rate of Five per Centum per Annum thereon. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets of Ontario and Quebec | 113. | The Assets enumerated in the Fourth Schedule to this Act belonging at the Union to the Province of Canada shall be the Property of Ontario and Quebec conjointly. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt of Nova Scotia | 114. | Nova Scotia shall be liable to Canada for the Amount (if any) by which its Public Debt exceeds at the Union Eight million Dollars, and shall be charged with Interest at the Rate of Five per Centum per Annum thereon. (57) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt of New Brunswick | 115. | New Brunswick shall be liable to Canada for the Amount (if any) by which its Public Debt exceeds at the Union Seven million Dollars, and shall be charged with Interest at the Rate of Five per Centum per Annum thereon. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Payment of interest to Nova Scotia and New Brunswick | 116. | In case the Public Debts of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick do not at the Union amount to Eight million and Seven million Dollars respectively, they shall respectively receive by half -yearly Payments in advance from the Government of Canada Interest at Five per Centum per Annum on the Difference between the actual Amounts of their respective Debts and such stipulated Amounts. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provincial Public Property | 117. | The several Provinces shall retain all their respective Public Property not otherwise disposed of in this Act, subject to the Right of Canada to assume any Lands or Public Property required for Fortifications or for the Defence of the Country. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[Repealed] | 118. | Repealed. (58) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Further Grant to New Brunswick | 119. | New Brunswick shall receive by half-yearly Payments in advance from Canada for the Period of Ten Years from the Union an additional Allowance of Sixty-three thousand Dollars per Annum; but as long as the Public Debt of that Province remains under Seven million Dollars, a Deduction equal to the Interest at Five per Centum per Annum on such Deficiency shall be made from that Allowance of Sixty-three thousand Dollars. (59) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Form of Payments | 120. | All Payments to be made under this Act, or in discharge of Liabilities created under any Act of the Provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick respectively, and assumed by Canada, shall, until the Parliament of Canada otherwise directs, be made in such Form and Manner as may from Time to Time be ordered by the Governor General in Council. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Canadian Manufactures, etc. | 121. | All Articles of the Growth, Produce, or Manufacture of any one of the Provinces shall, from and after the Union, be admitted free into each of the other Provinces. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Continuance of Customs and Excise Laws | 122. | The Customs and Excise Laws of each Province shall, subject to the Provisions of this Act, continue in force until altered by the Parliament of Canada. (60) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exportation and Importation as between Two Provinces | 123. | Where Customs Duties are, at the Union, leviable on any Goods, Wares, or Merchandises in any Two Provinces, those Goods, Wares, and Merchandises may, from and after the Union, be imported from one of those Provinces into the other of them on Proof of Payment of the Customs Duty leviable thereon in the Province of Exportation, and on Payment of such further Amount (if any) of Customs Duty as is leviable thereon in the Province of Importation. (61) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lumber Dues in New Brunswick | 124. | Nothing in this Act shall affect the Right of New Brunswick to levy the Lumber Dues provided in Chapter Fifteen of Title Three of the Revised Statutes of New Brunswick, or in any Act amending that Act before or after the Union, and not increasing the Amount of such Dues; but the Lumber of any of the Provinces other than New Brunswick shall not be subject to such Dues. (62) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exemption of Public Lands, etc. | 125. | No Lands or Property belonging to Canada or any Province shall be liable to Taxation. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provincial Consolidated Revenue Fund | 126. | Such Portions of the
Duties and Revenues over which the respective Legislatures of
Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick had before the Union Power of
Appropriation as are by this Act reserved to the respective
Governments or Legislatures of the Provinces, and all Duties and
Revenues raised by them in accordance with the special Powers
conferred upon them by this Act, shall in each Province form One
Consolidated Revenue Fund to be appropriated for the Public Service
of the Province. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GENERAL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[Repealed] | 127. | Repealed. (63) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oath of Allegiance, etc. | 128. | Every Member of the Senate or House of Commons of Canada shall before taking his Seat therein take and subscribe before the Governor General or some Person authorized by him, and every Member of a Legislative Council or Legislative Assembly of any Province shall before taking his Seat therein take and subscribe before the Lieutenant Governor of the Province or some Person authorized by him, the Oath of Allegiance contained in the Fifth Schedule to this Act; and every Member of the Senate of Canada and every Member of the Legislative Council of Quebec shall also, before taking his Seat therein, take and subscribe before the Governor General, or some Person authorized by him, the Declaration of Qualification contained in the same Schedule. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Continuance of existing Laws, Courts, Officers, etc. | 129. | Except as otherwise provided by this Act, all Laws in force in Canada, Nova Scotia, or New Brunswick at the Union, and all Courts of Civil and Criminal Jurisdiction, and all legal Commissions, Powers, and Authorities, and all Officers, Judicial, Administrative, and Ministerial, existing therein at the Union, shall continue in Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick respectively, as if the Union had not been made; subject nevertheless (except with respect to such as are enacted by or exist under Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain or of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland), to be repealed, abolished, or altered by the Parliament of Canada, or by the Legislature of the respective Province, according to the Authority of the Parliament or of that Legislature under this Act. (64) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer of Officers to Canada | 130. | Until the Parliament of Canada otherwise provides, all Officers of the several Provinces having Duties to discharge in relation to Matters other than those coming within the Classes of Subjects by this Act assigned exclusively to the Legislatures of the Provinces shall be Officers of Canada, and shall continue to discharge the Duties of their respective Offices under the same Liabilities, Responsibilities, and Penalties as if the Union had not been made. (65) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Appointment of new Officers | 131. | Until the Parliament of Canada otherwise provides, the Governor General in Council may from Time to Time appoint such Officers as the Governor General in Council deems necessary or proper for the effectual Execution of this Act. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Treaty Obligations | 132. | The Parliament and Government of Canada shall have all Powers necessary or proper for performing the Obligations of Canada or of any Province thereof, as Part of the British Empire, towards Foreign Countries, arising under Treaties between the Empire and such Foreign Countries. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Use of English and French Languages | 133. | Either the English or
the French Language may be used by any Person in the Debates of the
Houses of the Parliament of Canada and of the Houses of the
Legislature of Quebec; and both those Languages shall be used in the
respective Records and Journals of those Houses; and either of those
Languages may be used by any Person or in any Pleading or Process in
or issuing from any Court of Canada established under this Act, and
in or from all or any of the Courts of Quebec. The Acts of the Parliament of Canada and of the Legislature of Quebec shall be printed and published in both those Languages. (66) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ONTARIO AND QUEBEC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Appointment of Executive Officers for Ontario and Quebec | 134. | Until the Legislature of Ontario or of Quebec otherwise provides, the Lieutenant Governors of Ontario and Quebec may each appoint under the Great Seal of the Province the following Officers, to hold Office during Pleasure, that is to say, the Attorney General, the Secretary and Registrar of the Province, the Treasurer of the Province, the Commissioner of Crown Lands, and the Commissioner of Agriculture and Public Works, and in the Case of Quebec the Solicitor General, and may, by Order of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, from Time to Time prescribe the Duties of those Officers, and of the several Departments over which they shall preside or to which they shall belong, and of the Officers and Clerks thereof, and may also appoint other and additional Officers to hold Office during Pleasure, and may from Time to Time prescribe the Duties of those Officers, and of the several Departments over which they shall preside or to which they shall belong, and of the Officers and Clerks thereof. (67) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Powers, Duties, etc. of Executive Officers | 135. | Until the Legislature of Ontario or Quebec otherwise provides, all Rights, Powers, Duties, Functions, Responsibilities, or Authorities at the passing of this Act vested in or imposed on the Attorney General, Solicitor General, Secretary and Registrar of the Province of Canada, Minister of Finance, Commissioner of Crown Lands, Commissioner of Public Works, and Minister of Agriculture and Receiver General, by any Law, Statute, or Ordinance of Upper Canada, Lower Canada, or Canada, and not repugnant to this Act, shall be vested in or imposed on any Officer to be appointed by the Lieutenant Governor for the Discharge of the same or any of them; and the Commissioner of Agriculture and Public Works shall perform the Duties and Functions of the Office of Minister of Agriculture at the passing of this Act imposed by the Law of the Province of Canada, as well as those of the Commissioner of Public Works. (68) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Great Seals | 136. | Until altered by the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the Great Seals of Ontario and Quebec respectively shall be the same, or of the same Design, as those used in the Provinces of Upper Canada and Lower Canada respectively before their Union as the Province of Canada. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of temporary Acts | 137. | The words "and from thence to the End of the then next ensuing Session of the Legislature," or Words to the same Effect, used in any temporary Act of the Province of Canada not expired before the Union, shall be construed to extend and apply to the next Session of the Parliament of Canada if the Subject Matter of the Act is within the Powers of the same as defined by this Act, or to the next Sessions of the Legislatures of Ontario and Quebec respectively if the Subject Matter of the Act is within the Powers of the same as defined by this Act. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As to Errors in Names | 138. | From and after the Union the Use of the Words "Upper Canada" instead of "Ontario," or "Lower Canada" instead of "Quebec," in any Deed, Writ, Process, Pleading, Document, Matter, or Thing shall not invalidate the same. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As to issue of Proclamations before Union, to commence after Union | 139. | Any Proclamation under the Great Seal of the Province of Canada issued before the Union to take effect at a Time which is subsequent to the Union, whether relating to that Province, or to Upper Canada, or to Lower Canada, and the several Matters and Things therein proclaimed, shall be and continue of like Force and Effect as if the Union had not been made. (69) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As to issue of Proclamations after Union | 140. | Any Proclamation which is authorized by any Act of the Legislature of the Province of Canada to be issued under the Great Seal of the Province of Canada, whether relating to that Province, or to Upper Canada, or to Lower Canada, and which is not issued before the Union, may be issued by the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario or of Quebec, as its Subject Matter requires, under the Great Seal thereof; and from and after the Issue of such Proclamation the same and the several Matters and Things therein proclaimed shall be and continue of the like Force and Effect in Ontario or Quebec as if the Union had not been made. (70) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Penitentiary | 141. | The Penitentiary of the Province of Canada shall, until the Parliament of Canada otherwise provides, be and continue the Penitentiary of Ontario and of Quebec. (71) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arbitration respecting Debts, etc. | 142. | The Division and Adjustment of the Debts, Credits, Liabilities, Properties, and Assets of Upper Canada and Lower Canada shall be referred to the Arbitrament of Three Arbitrators, One chosen by the Government of Ontario, One by the Government of Quebec, and One by the Government of Canada; and the Selection of the Arbitrators shall not be made until the Parliament of Canada and the Legislatures of Ontario and Quebec have met; and the Arbitrator chosen by the Government of Canada shall not be a Resident either in Ontario or in Quebec. (72) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Division of Records | 143. | The Governor General in Council may from Time to Time order that such and so many of the Records, Books, and Documents of the Province of Canada as he thinks fit shall be appropriated and delivered either to Ontario or to Quebec, and the same shall thenceforth be the Property of that Province; and any Copy thereof or Extract therefrom, duly certified by the Officer having charge of the Original thereof, shall be admitted as Evidence. (73) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Constitution of Townships in Quebec | 144. | The Lieutenant
Governor of Quebec may from Time to Time, by Proclamation under the
Great Seal of the Province, to take effect from a Day to be
appointed therein, constitute Townships in those Parts of the
Province of Quebec in which Townships are not then already
constituted, and fix the Metes and Bounds thereof. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[Repealed] | 145. | Repealed. (74) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power to admit Newfoundland, etc., into the Union | 146. | It shall be lawful for the Queen, by and with the Advice of Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, on Addresses from the Houses of the Parliament of Canada, and from the Houses of the respective Legislatures of the Colonies or Provinces of Newfoundland, Prince Edward Island, and British Columbia, to admit those Colonies or Provinces, or any of them, into the Union, and on Address from the Houses of the Parliament of Canada to admit Rupert's Land and the North-western Territory, or either of them, into the Union, on such Terms and Conditions in each Case as are in the Addresses expressed and as the Queen thinks fit to approve, subject to the Provisions of this Act; and the Provisions of any Order in Council in that Behalf shall have effect as if they had been enacted by the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. (75) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As to Representation of Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island in Senate | 147. | In case of the Admission of Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island, or either of them, each shall be entitled to a Representation in the Senate of Canada of Four Members, and (notwithstanding anything in this Act) in case of the Admission of Newfoundland the normal Number of Senators shall be Seventy-six and their maximum Number shall be Eighty-two; but Prince Edward Island when admitted shall be deemed to be comprised in the third of the Three Divisions into which Canada is, in relation to the Constitution of the Senate, divided by this Act, and accordingly, after the Admission of Prince Edward Island, whether Newfoundland is admitted or not, the Representation of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick in the Senate shall, as Vacancies occur, be reduced from Twelve to Ten Members respectively, and the Representation of each of those Provinces shall not be increased at any Time beyond Ten, except under the Provisions of this Act for the Appointment of Three or Six additional Senators under the Direction of the Queen. (76) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|