In the XIXth century French rural society, festivities were organized around the twelve days of Christmas. Regional differences were expressed through beliefs associated not only with the protection of goods and people and with forecasting the weather but also with the choice of the Christmas character responsible for distributing gifts, or with traditional recipes for Christmas dinner. The 1880s marked a turning point in the celebration of Christmas in Canada after which the Anglophone urban middle class began to adopt new practices. Henceforward Christmas was no longer observed uniquely as a religious festival but became a symbol of secular entertainment. Without doubt the central figure in these changes was Santa Claus. |
For the majority of Francophones, however, this transformation did not occur until after the First World War. Good old "Père Noël" moved very quickly from his minor role, becoming the pivotal figure for many community events.