Important Notices

Copyright/Permission to Reproduce

The Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online Web site was produced and compiled by the University of Toronto, the Université Laval and the National Archives of Canada. The biographies, for which the University of Toronto and the Université Laval hold the copyright, and the Web site are protected by the provisions of the Copyright Act, by Canadian laws, policies and regulations, and by international agreements. Such provisions serve to identify the information source and, in specific instances, to prohibit reproduction of materials without written permission.

Noncommercial Reproduction

Information on this site has been provided with the intent that it be readily available for personal and public noncommercial use and may be reproduced solely for that purpose, in part or in whole and by any means, without charge or further permission from the University of Toronto, the Université Laval and the National Archives of Canada. The biographies are provided on the site for personal research or other noncommercial purposes and fees do not apply.

We ask only that:

• users exercise due diligence in ensuring the accuracy of the materials reproduced;
• the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online be identified as the source; and
• the reproduction is not represented as an official version of the materials reproduced, or as having been made in affiliation with or with the endorsement of the University of Toronto, the Université Laval and the National Archives of Canada.

Manipulation or modification (digital or otherwise) is expressly forbidden. Translation or reformatting requires the written permission from the University of Toronto, the Université Laval and the National Archives of Canada. Links can be made freely, but the University of Toronto, the Université Laval and the National Archives of Canada are not responsible for the content, accuracy or usefulness of any third party web site linked to the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online web site. No guarantee or warranty, expressed or implied, is made about the value or stability of the information or links made herein.

Government of Canada Privacy Notice

The Government of Canada and the National Archives of Canada are committed to providing visitors with Web sites that respect their privacy. The following paragraphs summarize the privacy policy and practices that apply to the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online Web site.

• The Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online Web site does not automatically gather any specific personal information from you, such as your name, phone number or e-mail address. We would only obtain this type of information if you supply it by sending us an e-mail or registering in a secure portion of the site.
• All personal information held or collected by the National Archives of Canada, which administers the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online Web site, is protected under the federal Privacy Act. This means that at any point of information collection on you, we will ask for your consent to collect it, and you will be informed of the purpose for which it is being collected and How to exercise your right of access to that information.
• The National Archives of Canada, which administers the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online Web site, uses software programs to monitor network traffic to identify unauthorized attempts to upload or change information, or otherwise cause damage. This software receives and records the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the computer that has contacted our Web site, the date and time of the visit, and the pages visited. We make no attempt to link these addresses with the identity of individuals visiting our site unless an attempt to damage the site has been detected.
• The National Archives of Canada, which administers the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online Web site, does not normally use hidden files ("cookies") to track how our visitors use this site or to determine sites previously visited. The system will notify you before any cookies are used so that you may refuse them. (A "cookie" is a file that may be placed on your hard drive without your knowledge by a Web site to allow it to monitor your use of the site.)
• Employees of the National Archives of Canada, which administers the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online Web site, require information collected on individual visitors in order to respond to their requests and to ensure the security of this system. We only share the information you give us with another government department if your inquiry relates to that department. We do not use the information to create individually identifiable profiles, nor do we disclose this information to anyone outside the federal government.

For additional information concerning personal information collected by the National Archives of Canada, you may wish to consult the publication Infosource: Sources of Federal Government Information. This publication provides summaries of the type of information that is collected about individuals and that is held by federal departments and agencies. Personal Information Banks include personal information that has been or is being used by a federal department or agency, or is available for use for an administrative purpose.

Contact us if you have questions or comments regarding this policy, or the administration of the Privacy Act by the National Archives of Canada. If you are not satisfied with our response to your privacy concern, you may contact the Office of the Privacy Commissioner.

Official Languages

The Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online Web site, is bound by the Official Languages Act and relevant Treasury Board policies. All information on this site is available in both English and French. Users should be aware, however, that some information from external sources is available only in the language in which it was provided.