List of Canadian Victoria Cross recipients
The Victoria Cross (post-nominal letters "VC") is the highest military honour of the British Empire and the Commonwealth of Nations, being awarded only for extraordinary valour and devotion to duty while facing a hostile force. It is the highest honour in the Canadian honour system, placed before all other orders, decorations and medals, including the Order of Canada, in the Order of Precedence.[1] It was historically awarded to members of the Canadian Forces of any rank in any service, and to allies serving under or with Canadian military command;
Since 1993, Canadians have no longer been eligible for the Victoria Cross: that medal has been superseded by the Canadian Victoria Cross – of equal honour, but yet to be awarded.[1] The Canadian medal differs only in that the inscription is in Latin rather than English; by using a language that is an ancestor of both English and French, the medal avoids linguistic discrimination between Canada's two official languages.[2]
The Victoria Cross has been presented to 96 Canadians, or people closely associated with Canada, between its creation for acts performed during the Crimean War and 1993 when the Canadian Victoria Cross was instituted. No Canadian has received either honour since 1945.[3]
The first Canadian to be awarded the Victoria Cross was Alexander Roberts Dunn for his actions at the Battle of Balaclava during the Crimean War in 1854. William Hall, a Nova Scotian, was the first black recipient of the Victoria Cross.[4] The last living Canadian recipient of the British Victoria Cross, "Smokey" Smith, died in August 2005.[5]
Thomas Ricketts, a private in the Royal Newfoundland Regiment during the First World War, received the Victoria Cross. He is not included on this list because Newfoundland was not part of Canada at that time - it was a separate a self-governing dominion at the time and did not become a province of Canada until 1949.[6]
Seventy-one Victoria Crosses were awarded to Canadians for their actions in the First World War, and Canadians won sixteen VCs during the Second World War. The remaining recipients were awarded the medal for actions performed in the Crimean War (Battle of Balaclava), the Indian Rebellion of 1857, and the Second Boer War.
Seven Canadians were awarded VCs individually on one single day, 2 September 1918, for actions they performed along the 30 km long Drocourt-Quéant Line near Arras, France: Bellenden Hutcheson, Arthur George Knight, William Henry Metcalf, Claude Nunney, Cyrus Wesley Peck, Walter Leigh Rayfield and John Francis Young. Their acts of exceptional valour were performed during Canada's Hundred Days of successful offensive campaigning that helped end the war.
Contents
Recipients[edit]
This along with the *, indicates that the Victoria Cross was awarded posthumously
Name | Date of action | Conflict | Unit | Place of action | Province of origin | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Algie, WallaceWallace Algie | 1918* | First World War | 20th Battalion, CEF | Cambrai, France | Ontario[7] | |
Barker, WilliamWilliam Barker | 1918 | First World War | No. 201 Squadron RAF | Forêt de Mormal, France | Manitoba[8] | |
Barron, ColinColin Barron | 1917 | First World War | 3rd Battalion, CEF | Passchendaele, Belgium | Ontario[9] | |
Bazalgette, IanIan Bazalgette | 1944* | Second World War | No. 115 Squadron RAF | Trossy St. Maximin, France | Alberta[10] | |
Bellew, EdwardEdward Bellew | 1915 | First World War | 7th Battalion, CEF | Kerselaere, Belgium | British Columbia[11] | |
Bent, PhilipPhilip Bent | 1917* | First World War | The Leicestershire Regiment | Polygon Wood, Belgium | Nova Scotia[12] | |
Bishop, WilliamWilliam Bishop | 1917 | First World War | No. 60 Squadron RAF | Cambrai, France | Ontario[13] | |
Bourke, RowlandRowland Bourke | 1918 | First World War | Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve | Ostend, Belgium | British Columbia[14] | |
Brereton, AlexanderAlexander Brereton | 1918 | First World War | 8th Battalion, CEF | Amiens, France | Manitoba[15] | |
Brillant, JeanJean Brillant | 1918* | First World War | 22nd Battalion, CEF | Meharicourt, France | Quebec[16] | |
Brown, HarryHarry Brown | 1917* | First World War | 10th Battalion, CEF | Loos, France | Ontario[17] | |
Cairns, HughHugh Cairns | 1918* | First World War | 46th Battalion, CEF | Valenciennes, France | Saskatchewan[18] | |
Campbell, FrederickFrederick Campbell | 1915* | First World War | 1st Battalion, CEF | Givenchy, France | Ontario[19] | |
Clarke, LeoLeo Clarke | 1916* | First World War | 2nd Battalion | Pozières, France | Manitoba[20] | [note 1] |
Clark-Kennedy, WilliamWilliam Clark-Kennedy | 1918 | First World War | 24th Battalion, CEF | Fresnes, France | Quebec[21] | |
Cockburn, HampdenHampden Cockburn | 1900 | Second Boer War | Royal Canadian Dragoons | Komati River, South Africa | Ontario[22] | |
Combe, RobertRobert Combe | 1917* | First World War | 27th Battalion, CEF | Acheville, France | Saskatchewan[23] | |
Coppins, FrederickFrederick Coppins | 1918 | First World War | 8th Battalion, CEF | Hackett Woods, France | Manitoba[24] | |
Cosens, AubreyAubrey Cosens | 1945* | Second World War | The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada | Mooshof, Germany | Ontario[25] | |
Croak, JohnJohn Croak | 1918* | First World War | 13th Battalion, CEF | Amiens, France | Nova Scotia[26] | |
Cruickshank, RobertRobert Cruickshank | 1918 | First World War | London Regiment | Jordan, Palestine | Manitoba[27] | [note 2] |
Currie, DavidDavid Currie | 1944 | Second World War | 29th Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment (The South Alberta Regiment) | Battle of Falaise, France | Saskatchewan[28] | |
De Wind, EdmundEdmund De Wind | 1918* | First World War | Royal Irish Rifles | Groagie, France | Alberta[29] | [note 3] |
Dinesen, ThomasThomas Dinesen | 1918 | First World War | 42nd Battalion, CEF | Parvillers, France | n/a[30] | [note 4] |
Douglas, CampbellCampbell Douglas | 1867 | Bravery at Sea | 24th Regiment of Foot | Little Andaman, India | Ontario[31] | |
Dunn, AlexanderAlexander Dunn | 1854 | Battle of Balaclava | 33rd Regiment of Foot | Balaclava, Crimea | Ontario[32] | [note 2] [note 5] |
Fisher, FrederickFrederick Fisher | 1915* | First World War | 13th Battalion, CEF | St. Julien, Belgium | Ontario[33] | |
Flowerdew, GordonGordon Flowerdew | 1918* | First World War | Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians) | Bois de Moreuil, France | British Columbia[34] | |
Foote, JohnJohn Foote | 1942 | Second World War | Royal Hamilton Light Infantry | Dieppe, France | Ontario[35] | |
Good, HermanHerman Good | 1918 | First World War | 13th Battalion, CEF | Hangard Wood, France | New Brunswick[36] | |
Gray, RobertRobert Gray | 1945* | Second World War | Fleet Air Arm | Honshū, Japan | British Columbia[37] | [note 6] |
Gregg, MiltonMilton Gregg | 1918 | First World War | Royal Canadian Regiment | Cambrai, France | New Brunswick[38] | |
Hall, FrederickFrederick Hall | 1915* | First World War | 8th Battalion, CEF | Ypres, Belgium | Manitoba[39] | [note 1] |
Hall, WilliamWilliam Hall | 1857 | Indian rebellion of 1857 | HMS Shannon | Lucknow, India | Nova Scotia[40] | |
Hanna, RobertRobert Hanna | 1917 | First World War | 29th Battalion, CEF | Lens, France | British Columbia[41] | |
Harvey, FrederickFrederick Harvey | 1917 | First World War | Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians) | Guyencourt, France | Alberta[42] | |
Hobson, FrederickFrederick Hobson | 1917* | First World War | 20th Battalion | Lens, France | Ontario[43] | |
Hoey, CharlesCharles Hoey | 1944 | Second World War | Royal Lincolnshire Regiment | Ngakyedauk Pass, Burma (now Myanmar) | British Columbia[44] | |
Holland, EdwardEdward Holland | 1900 | Second Boer War | Royal Canadian Dragoons | Komati River, South Africa | Ontario[45] | |
Holmes, ThomasThomas Holmes | 1917 | First World War | 4th Battalion, Canadian Mounted Rifles | Passchendaele, Belgium | Ontario[46] | |
Honey, SamuelSamuel Honey | 1918* | First World War | 78th Battalion, CEF | Bourlon Wood, France | Ontario[47] | |
Hornell, DavidDavid Hornell | 1944 | Second World War | No. 162 Squadron RCAF | Faroes, Atlantic | Ontario[48] | |
Hutcheson, BellendenBellenden Hutcheson | 1918 | First World War | 75th Battalion, CEF | Arras, France | Ontario[49] | [note 7] |
Kaeble, JosephJoseph Kaeble | 1918* | First World War | 22nd Battalion, CEF | Neuville-Vitasse, France | Quebec[50] | |
Kerr, GeorgeGeorge Kerr | 1918 | First World War | 3rd Battalion, CEF | Bourlon Wood, France | Ontario[51] | |
Kerr, JohnJohn Kerr | 1916 | First World War | 49th Battalion, CEF | Courcelette, France | Nova Scotia[52] | |
Kinross, CecilCecil Kinross | 1917 | First World War | 49th Battalion, CEF | Passchendaele, Belgium | Alberta[53] | |
Knight, ArthurArthur Knight | 1918* | First World War | 10th Battalion, CEF | Villers-les-Cagnicourt, France | Saskatchewan[54] | |
Konowal, FilipFilip Konowal | 1917 | First World War | 47th Battalion, CEF | Lens, France | n/a | [note 8] |
Learmonth, OkillOkill Learmonth | 1917* | First World War | 2nd Battalion, CEF | Loos, France | Quebec[54] | |
Lyall, GrahamGraham Lyall | 1918 | First World War | 102nd Battalion, CEF | Cambrai, France | Ontario[55] | |
MacDowell, ThainThain MacDowell | 1917 | First World War | 38th Battalion, CEF | Vimy Ridge, France | Ontario[56] | |
MacGregor, JohnJohn MacGregor | 1918 | First World War | 2nd Canadian Mounted Rifles | Cambrai, France | British Columbia[57] | |
Mahony, JohnJohn Mahony | 1944 | Second World War | Westminster Regiment (Motor) | River Melfa, Italy | British Columbia[58] | |
McKean, GeorgeGeorge McKean | 1918 | First World War | 14th Battalion, CEF | Gavrelle Sector, France | Alberta[59] | |
McKenzie, HughHugh McKenzie | 1917* | First World War | Canadian Machine Gun Corps | Meetscheele Spur, Belgium | Alberta[60] | |
McLeod, AlanAlan McLeod | 1918* | First World War | No. 2 Squadron RFC | Albert, France | Manitoba[61] | |
Merrifield, WilliamWilliam Merrifield | 1918 | First World War | 4th Battalion, CEF | Abancourt, France | Ontario[62] | |
Merritt, CharlesCharles Merritt | 1942 | Second World War | South Saskatchewan Regiment | Dieppe, France | British Columbia[63] | |
Metcalf, WilliamWilliam Metcalf | 1918 | First World War | 16th Battalion, CEF | Arras, France | n/a | [note 7] |
Milne, WilliamWilliam Milne | 1917* | First World War | 16th Battalion, CEF | Thelus, France | Saskatchewan[64] | |
Miner, HarryHarry Miner | 1918* | First World War | 58th Battalion, CEF | Demuin, France | Ontario[65] | |
Mitchell, Coulson NormanCoulson Norman Mitchell | 1918 | First World War | 4th Canadian Engineers | Canal de L'Escaut, France | Manitoba[66] | |
Mullin, GeorgeGeorge Mullin | 1917 | First World War | Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry | Passchendaele, Belgium | Saskatchewan[67] | [note 7] |
Mynarski, AndrewAndrew Mynarski | 1944* | Second World War | No. 419 Squadron RCAF | Cambrai, France | Manitoba[68] | |
Nickerson, WilliamWilliam Nickerson | 1900 | Second Boer War | Royal Army Medical Corps | Wakkerstroom, South Africa | New Brunswick[69] | [note 2] |
Nunney, ClaudeClaude Nunney | 1918* | First World War | 38th Battalion, CEF | Drocourt-Queant Line, France | Ontario[70] | |
O'Kelly, ChristopherChristopher O'Kelly | 1917 | First World War | 52nd Battalion, CEF | Passchendaele, Belgium | Manitoba[71] | |
O'Leary, MichaelMichael O'Leary | 1915 | First World War | Irish Guards | Cuinchy, France | Saskatchewan[72] | [note 9] |
O'Rourke, MichaelMichael O'Rourke | 1917 | First World War | 7th Battalion, CEF | Hill 70, France | British Columbia[73] | |
Osborn, JohnJohn Osborn | 1941 | Second World War | Winnipeg Grenadiers | Mount Butler, Hong Kong | Manitoba[74] | |
Pattison, JohnJohn Pattison | 1917* | First World War | 50th Battalion, CEF | Vimy Ridge, France | Alberta[75] | |
Pearkes, GeorgeGeorge Pearkes | 1917 | First World War | 5th Battalion Canadian Mounted Rifles | Passchendaele, Belgium | Yukon[76] | |
Peck, CyrusCyrus Peck | 1918 | First World War | 16th Battalion, CEF | Cagnicourt, France | New Brunswick[77] | |
Peters, FrederickFrederick Peters | 1942 | Second World War | HMS Walney | Oran, Algeria | P.E.I[78] | |
Rayfield, WalterWalter Rayfield | 1918 | First World War | 7th Battalion, CEF | Arras, France | Ontario[79] | |
Reade, HerbertHerbert Reade | 1857 | Indian rebellion of 1857 | 61st Regiment of Foot | Delhi, India | Ontario[80] | |
Richardson, ArthurArthur Richardson | 1900 | Second Boer War | Strathcona's Horse | Wolwespruit, South Africa | n/a[81] [note 10] | |
Richardson, JamesJames Richardson | 1916* | First World War | 16th Battalion, CEF | Somme, France | British Columbia[82] | |
Robertson, JamesJames Robertson | 1917* | First World War | 27th Battalion, CEF | Passchendaele, Belgium | Nova Scotia[83] | |
Rutherford, CharlesCharles Rutherford | 1918 | First World War | 5th Battalion Canadian Mounted Rifles | Monchy, France | Ontario[84] | |
Scrimger, FrancisFrancis Scrimger | 1915 | First World War | Canadian Army Medical Corps | St. Julien, Belgium | Quebec[85] | |
Shankland, RobertRobert Shankland | 1917 | First World War | 43rd Battalion, CEF | Passchendaele, Belgium | Manitoba[86] | [note 1] |
Sifton, EllisEllis Sifton | 1917* | First World War | 18th Battalion, CEF | Neuville-St.-Vaast, France | Ontario[87] | |
Sinton, JohnJohn Sinton | 1916 | First World War | Indian Medical Service | Orah Ruins, Mesopotamia | British Columbia[88] | [note 2] |
Smith, ErnestErnest Smith | 1944 | Second World War | Seaforth Highlanders of Canada | River Savio, Italy | British Columbia[89] | |
Spall, RobertRobert Spall | 1918* | First World War | Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry | Parvillers, France | Manitoba[90] | |
Strachan, HarcusHarcus Strachan | 1917 | First World War | Fort Garry Horse | Masnières, France | Manitoba[91] | |
Tait, JamesJames Tait | 1918* | First World War | 78th Battalion, CEF | Amiens, France | N.W.T[92] | |
Tilston, FrederickFrederick Tilston | 1945 | Second World War | Essex Scottish Regiment | Hochwald Forest, Germany | Ontario[93] | |
Topham, FrederickFrederick Topham | 1945 | Second World War | 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion | Rhine, Germany | Ontario[94] | |
Triquet, PaulPaul Triquet | 1943 | Second World War | Royal 22e Régiment | Casa Berardi, Italy | Quebec[95] | |
Turner, RichardRichard Turner | 1900 | Second Boer War | Royal Canadian Dragoons | Komati River, South Africa | Quebec[96] | |
Wilkinson, ThomasThomas Wilkinson | 1916* | First World War | Loyal North Lancashire Regiment | La Boiselle, France | n/a[97] | |
Young, JohnJohn Young | 1918 | First World War | 87th Battalion, CEF | Dury-Arras Sector, France | Quebec[98] | |
Zengel, RaphaelRaphael Zengel | 1918 | First World War | 5th Battalion, CEF | Warvillers, France | Saskatchewan[99] | [note 7] |
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^ a b c One of three WWI Canadian VC recipients who lived on same block on Pine Street (now Valour Road) in Winnipeg: Leo Clarke, Frederick Hall and Robert Shankland
- ^ a b c d Recipients were Canadians, but were serving in Other Army Units at the time of their VC act
- ^ Although born in Ireland, was enlisted in the Canadian army and is considered Canadian at the time he won the medal
- ^ Although a Danish citizen who enlisted in the Canadian army, he is considered Canadian at the time he won the medal
- ^ First Canadian to earn VC, during the Charge of the Light Brigade, 1854-Oct-25
- ^ Last Canadian to earn VC, in actions sinking Japanese escort ship Amakusa, 1945-Aug-9
- ^ a b c d Although an American citizen who enlisted in the Canadian army, is considered Canadian at the time he won the medal
- ^ Although a Ukrainian citizen who enlisted in the Canadian army, is considered Canadian at the time he won the medal
- ^ Considered Irish, but listed here due to residency in Canada
- ^ first soldier to be awarded the Victoria Cross for actions committed while serving with a Canadian unit (even though under British command)
References[edit]
- ^ a b "Victoria Cross (Canadian version)". Canadian Veterans affairs department. Archived from the original on 26 May 2012. Retrieved 23 August 2007.
- ^ "Gov. Gen., PM unveil Canadian Victoria Cross". 2008-05-16. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ Teotonio, Isabel (7 March 2007). "Vets irate at Victoria Cross proposal". Toronto Star. Retrieved 12 July 2007.
- ^ "Black History Month Starts Up Across the City". CTV. 30 January 2010. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
- ^ "Ottawa pays respect to Smokey Smith". CBC News. 9 August 2005. Retrieved 16 November 2007.
- ^ "Memorial to fallen Newfoundland soldiers declared National Historic Site". Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. 9 April 1997. Retrieved 26 January 2008.
- ^ "Lieutenant Wallace Lloyd Algie – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ "Major William George Barker – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ "Vc Burials Canada – Toronto". Victoriacross.org.uk. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Sqdn. Ldr. Ian Willoughby Bazalgette – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 7 March 2006. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ Carl Read. "Edward Donald Bellew (VC)". TheVictoriaCross.net. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ Carl Read. "William Avery Bishop (VC)". TheVictoriaCross.net. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ Carl Read. "Roland Richard Louis Bourke (VC)". TheVictoriaCross.net. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Alexander Picton Brereton". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ "Jean Brillant". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Hugh Cairns". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "William Hew Clark-Kennedy – Veterans Affairs Canada". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ "Lieutenant Hampden Zane Churchill Cockburn VC". Northeastmedals.co.uk. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Frederick George Coppins". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ "Sgt. Aubrey Cosens – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. 22 September 1998. Archived from the original on 28 November 2007. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "John Bernard Croak". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ "Robert Edward Cruickshank". Gocruickshanks.com. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "David Vivian Currie". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
- ^ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Thomas Fasti Dinesen". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ "Virtual Saskatchewan – Campbell Mellis Douglas". Virtualsk.com. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Canada And The Victoria Cross: Of Rebellion And Rescue Part 2 of 18". Legion Magazine. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Search Details – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Rev. John Weir Foote – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 28 November 2007. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Herman James Good". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ "Lt. Robert Hampton Gray – Veterans Affairs Canada". Vac-acc.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 7 March 2006. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Milton Fowler Gregg". National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ "Fredrick William Hall". Veterans Canada. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
- ^ "William Hall". Veterans Canada. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
- ^ "Robert Hanna, V.C". Russiansinthecef.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ Sevendust. "Lord Strathconas Horse (Royal Canadians) // Awards". Strathconas.ca. Archived from the original on 2012-05-26. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Fredrick Hobson". Veterans Canada. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
- ^ "The Canadian Virtual War Memorial". Veteran Affairs Canada. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
- ^ "DHH – Victoria Cross Bios – Frederick Hobson". Cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Thomas William Holmes". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Samuel Lewis Honey". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "David Ernest Hornell". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Bellenden Hutcheson". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Joseph Kaeble". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "George Fraser Kerr". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "John Chipman Kerr". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Cecil John Kinross". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ a b "Arthur George Knight". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Graham Thomson Lyall". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Thain Wendell MacDowell". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Thain Wendell MacDowell". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "John Keefer Mahony". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "George Burdon McKean". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Hugh McKenzie". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Alan Arnett McLeod". Veteran Affairs Canada. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "William Merrifield". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Charles Cecil Ingersoll Merritt". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "William Johnstone Milne". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Harry Garnet Bedford Miner". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Coulson Norman Mitchell". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "George Mullin". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Andrew Charles Mynarski". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "The Victoria Cross awarded to William Henry Snyder Nickerson". Memorials.inportsmouth.co.uk. 10 April 1954. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Claude Joseph Patrick Nunney". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Christopher O'Kelly". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "The Baldwin Project: Heroes of the Great War by G. A. Leask". Mainlesson.com. 26 June 1915. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Michael James O'Rourke". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "John Robert Osbron". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "John George Pattison". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "George Randolph Pearkes". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Cyrus Wesley Peck". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "The Canadian Virtual War Memorial". Veteran Affairs Canada. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
- ^ "Walter Leigh Rayfield". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Herbert Taylor Reade Historical Plaque". Ontarioplaques.com. 23 September 2009. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Arthur Herbert Lindsay Richardson". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "James Cleland Richardson". Veteran Affairs Canada. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "James Peter Robertson". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Charles Smith Rutherford". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Francis Alexander Caron Scrimger". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Robert Shankland". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Ellis Welwood Sifton". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ Bob Sinton, Tandragee, Co. Armagh, Northern Ireland. "Sinton Family Trees – Details of Brig. John Alexander Sinton VC, OBE, DL, FRS, MD, DSc, MB, BCh, son of Walter Lyon Sinton and Isabella Mary Pringle, Born 1884, Died 1956". Bob-sinton.com. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ^ "Ernest Alvia Smith". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Robert Spall". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Harcus Strachan". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "James Edward Tait". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Frederick Albert Tilston". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Frederick George Topham". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Paul Triquet". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Richard Ernest William Turner". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Thomas Orde Lawder Wilkinson". Veteran Affairs Canada. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "John Francis Young". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ "Raphael Louis Zengel". National Defence and Canadian Forces. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
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