This timeline of clothing and textiles technology covers the events of fiber and flexible woven materialworn on the body; including making, modification, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, and systems (technology).
c. 6500 BC – Approximate date of Naalebinding examples found in Nehal Hemar cave, Israel. This technique, which uses short separate lengths of thread, predated the invention of knitting (with its continuous lengths of thread) and requires that all of the as-yet unused thread be pulled through the loop in the sewn material.[3] This requires much greater skill than knitting in order to create a fine product.[4]
c. 6000 BC – Evidence of woven textiles used to wrap the dead at Çatalhöyük in Anatolia.[2]
200 BC to 200 AD – Approximate date of earliest evidence of "Needle Knitting" in Peru, a form of Naalebinding that preceded local contact with the Spanish.[7]
c. 200 AD – Earliest woodblock printing from China. Flowers in three colors on silk.[8]
247 AD – Dura-Europos, a Roman outpost, is destroyed. Excavations of the city discovered early examples of naalebinding fabric.
298 AD – Earliest attestation of a foot-powered loom, with a hint that the invention arose at Tarsus.[9]
500 AD – jia xie method for resist dyeing (usually silk) using wood blocks invented in China. An upper and a lower block is made, with carved out compartments opening to the back, fitted with plugs. The cloth, usually folded a number of times, is inserted and clamped between the two blocks. By unplugging the different compartments and filling them with dyes of different colors, a multi-colored pattern can be printed over quite a large area of folded cloth.[8]
600 AD – Oldest samples of cloth printed by Woodblock printing from Egypt.
1000's AD – Finely decorated examples of cotton socks made by true knitting using continuous thread appear in Egypt.[4]
1275 – Approximate date of a silk burial cushion knit in two colors found in the tomb of Spanish royalty.
1493 – the first available reference to lace is in a will by one of the ruling Milanese Sforza family[10]
1562 – Date of first example of use of the purl stitch, from a tomb in Toledo, Spain, which allows knitting of panels of material. Previously material had to be knitted in the round (in a tubular form) and cut it open.
1864 – William Cotton patents the straight bar knitting machine named after him ("Cotton machine").
1865 – The American Isaac Wixom Lamb patents the flat knitting machine using latch needles.
1865 – Clay invents the double-headed latch needle which has enabled to create purl stitch knitting.
1866 – The American Mac Nary patents the circular knitting machine (with vertical needles) for fabrication of socks and stockings with heel and toe pouches.
1878 – Henry Griswold adds a second set of needles (horizontal needles) to the circular knitting machine enabling knitting of rib fabrics as cuff for socks.
1881 – Pierre Durand invents the tubular pipe compound needle.
Barber, E. J. W.; Prehistoric Textiles: The Development of Cloth in the Neolithic and Bronze Ages with special reference to the Aegean; Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 1991; ISBN 0-691-03597-0 (Barber 1991)
Barber, Elizabeth Wayland, Women's Work: The First 20,000 Years: Women, Cloth, and Society in Early Times, W. W. Norton & Company, new edition, 1995 (Barber 1995)
Bender Jørgensen, Lise; 'Stone-Age Textiles in North Europe' in Textiles in Northern Archaeology, Textile Symposium in York, North European Symposium for Archaeological Textiles Monograph 3, NESAT III; London Archetype Publications, 1990; ISBN 1-873132-05-0.