Locust Valley lockjaw

Locust Valley lockjaw (also Long Island lockjaw or Larchmont lockjaw) is a colloquial term for a brand of speech, widely recognized as the stereotypical upper class American accent and associated with the traditional elite in the New York metropolitan area, particularly those on the North Shore of Long Island. The accent takes its name from the hamlet of Locust Valley located within the town of Oyster Bay, whose social clubs (i.e. Piping Rock, Beaver Dam, Seawanhaka, and The Creek) often include speakers of the accent. The accent is observed in both rhotic and non-rhotic forms and characterized by speech with a clenched, forward thrusting jaw and tightly held lips.

Phonology

  Locust Valley lockjaw vowels

Pure vowels (Monophthongs)
English diaphoneme	Locust Valley lockjawphoneme	Example words
/æ/	[æ]	act, pal, trap
/ɑː/	[a]	pass, bath
/ɑː/	[ɑː]	blah, father,palm,
/ɒ/	[ɒ]	lot, top, wasp,bother,
/ɔː/	[ɔː]	all, dog, bought, loss, saw, taught
/ɛ/	[ɛ]	dress, met, bread
/ə/	[ə]	about, syrup, arena
/ɪ/	[ɪ]	hit, skim, tip
/iː/	[iː]	beam, chic, fleet
/ɨ/	[ɪ]	island, gamut, wasted
/ʌ/	[ʌ]	bus, flood, what
/ʊ/	[ʊ]	book, put, should
/uː/	[uː]	food, glue, new
Diphthongs
/äɪ/	[aɪ~äɪ]	ride, shine, try
/aʊ/	[aʊ~äʊ]	now, ouch, scout
/eɪ/	[eɪ]	lake, paid, rein
/ɔɪ/	[ɔɪ]	boy, choice, moist
/oʊ/	[oʊ~ɵʊ]	goat, oh, show
R-colored vowels
/ɑr/	[ɑə(ɹ)~äə(ɹ]	barn, car, park
/ɛər/	[ɛə(ɹ)]	bare, bear, there
/ɜr/	[ə~ɐ]	burn, first, herd, learn,
/ər/	[ə(ɹ)]	doctor,murder
/ɪər/	[ɪə(ɹ)]	fear, peer, tier
/ɔr/	[ɔː(ɹ)]	horse, war
/ɔər/	[ɔə(ɹ)]	hoarse,score
/ʊər/	[ʊə(ɹ)]	poor,tour
/jʊər/	[jʊə(ɹ)]	cure, Europe, pure

Notable people

Individuals who have been described as having a recognizable Lockjaw accent include Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, whose "Lockjaw" intensified while at Miss Porter's School and affected it lifelong, President Franklin D. Roosevelt and First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, actress Katharine Hepburn, political commentator William F. Buckley, Jr., publisher and What's My Line personality Bennett Cerf. It is used to pigeonhole the television characters of Jane Hathaway, the secretary on The Beverly Hillbillies; Thurston Howell III, the millionaire on the television series Gilligan's Island; and the Eloise character of Kay Thompson's fiction novels. An exaggerated example is semi-recurring Family Guy character James William Bottomtooth III who has such an extreme underbite he can hardly be understood.

In popular culture

In the 1958 film Auntie Mame, the accent is used to establish Gloria Upson (played by Joanna Barnes), the fiancee of Mame's nephew, as fiercely snobbish, self-centered and superficial. She stops the conversation cold as she recounts a "ghastly" mishap at a country-club ping-pong tournament against opponent Bunny Bixler, delivering the line, "And I stepped on the ping-pong ball!" The 1983 feature film Trading Places used this classic line as an homage to class distinction. In order to parody the elite social status of Louis Winthorp III's (Dan Aykroyd) friends, "Bunny Bixler" (played by Susan Fallender), delivers a version of the tag line from her point of view, using the identical accent.

In a scene from the 1986 John Hughes movie Ferris Bueller's Day Off, Alan Ruck uses this accent to imitate Sloane Petersen's father as part of an attempt to trick Dean Rooney into letting her leave school.

Freakazoid! villain Cave Guy (voiced by Jeff Bennett) also displays the accent.

During the movie Agent for H.A.R.M. on the comedy show Mystery Science Theater 3000, Mike Nelson and the 'bots use the accent to deliver comedic asides during scenes depicting the clean-cut, sweater-wearing villains.

See also

• Boston Brahmin accent
• Mid-Atlantic English