Bullying in teaching

This article concerns teacher-related bullying at school. For bullying involving lecturers in higher education, see Bullying in academia.

School teachers are commonly the subject of bullying but they are also sometimes the originators of bullying within a school environment.

Incidence

Comprehensive research carried out in the UK found that teaching was one of the occupations at highest risk from bullying:

• 15.5% of teachers stating they were currently being bullied
• 35.4% saying they had been bullied over the last five years.

In another survey, the Economic and Social Research Institute found bullying to be more prevalent in schools (13.8pc) than other workplaces (7.9pc).

Complex dynamics

Parsons identifies teacher bullying as often being part of a wider bullying culture within a school, with a complex web of dynamics such as:

• teachers may be bullied by: other teachers, students, office staff, principals, school governors and/or parents
• teachers may bully: other teachers, students and/or parents
• bullying teachers may themselves get bullied by others in turn

Staffroom bullying

A common manifestation of teacher bullying is staffroom bullying where teachers are bullied by other teachers or school managers.

Manifestations

Bullying of teachers can take many forms in order to harass and intimidate including:

• face-to-face confrontation
• memos
• cyber-bullying (including the use of text messaging or social networking sites).

Bullies often exploit positions of seniority over the colleagues they are intimidating (see rankism) by:

• criticising their work
• making unreasonable demands on workload (see setting up to fail)
• sarcasm and jokes aimed at the victim
• undermining them by over-ruling their decisions and views.

In some cases, teachers are ignored and isolated by colleagues in the staffroom or turned down for promotion or training courses (see silent treatment).

Impacts

The possible impacts of bullying on teachers include:

• victimisation and victim blaming
• false accusations and fabricated formal disciplinary action
• stress symptoms such as anxiety, headaches, nausea, palpitations, and hypertension
• symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) such as a compromised immune system, sleep problems, excessive guilt, irritability, hypervigilance (which feels like paranoia, but is not), constant anxiety, reactive depression and suicidal thoughts
• loss of self-esteem
• loss of job

Notable incidents

In April 2012, Stuart Chaifetz, a father of an autistic boy, released a video on YouTube providing evidence that his son was allegedly the subject of emotional abuse at the hands of his teacher and aide at Horace Mann Elementary School, in the Cherry Hill Public Schools district. The evidence was secured when Chaifetz wired his son before sending him to school. When he listened to the audio recording, according to one news report, "Chaifetz says he caught his son's teachers gossiping, talking about alcohol and violently yelling at students. He took the audio to the Cherry Hill School District, where officials fired one of the teachers involved after hearing the tape. Chaifetz's son was relocated to a new school, where Chaifetz says he is doing well."

In popular culture

Teachers being portrayed as bullies have made into popular culture, along with works with teachers being bullied by other teachers, students, and even the principal.

• Films
  • Kids in America, a group of students with help from some teachers tries to stop their bully of a principal from becoming Superintendent, realizing the harm she can cause
  • The Nutty Professor, The School Bully bullies the Professor
  • Matilda, based on the novel of the same name, a student with psychokinesis helps her fellow students and a teacher to stop a cruel principal's reign of terror in the school.
  • The Breakfast Club, Principal Vernon is often seen as a bully to the students serving detention.
  • Mr. Woodcock, the film focuses on a man who is outraged that his former gym teacher, who bullied him and his classmates, is about to become his stepfather.
  • A Little Princess, the main character is the target of a corrupt principal at a boarding school.
  • The 400 Blows, Antoine Doinel is tormented by his insensitive teacher Guy Decomble.

• Books
  • The Harry Potter series features bullying teachers, mainly Severus Snape and Dolores Umbridge.
  • British girls' comics often published bullying teachers and principals in serials and regular strips. Examples can be found in Wee Sue, The Girls of Liberty Lodge and The Four Friends at Spartan School, (Tammy), and Hard Times for Helen (Judy). Patsy and the Beast of Banchester (June) reversed the trend to show a teacher being bullied by toughs in her class.

• TV
  • iCarly, there have been episodes, like "IHave My Principals", where Ms. Francine Briggs and Mr. Howard clearly bully students, including the main characters, one of whom, Sam, is a bully herself. Mr. Devlin and Lauren Ackerman also bullied the students.
  • Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide, Mr. Sweeney, a science teacher, appears to be evil until the third season, where he appears to reform himself to the point of saving his students from Vice Principal Harvey Crubbs, who also bullies the students, mainly the main characters.
  • Glee, Coach Bieste is bullied by staff, including Sue Sylvester and students.
  • Home and Away, Casey Braxton is bullied by Mr Dave Townsend in Summer Bay High.
  • The Simpsons episode, Black Eyed, Please, Lisa is bullied by a substitute teacher, Miss Cantwell.
  • Grange Hill (season four, episode four) Christopher Stewart is bullied by P.E. teacher Mr. Hicks, to the point of physical injury.

• Music
  • "Another Brick in the Wall (Part 2)" by Pink Floyd - the song tells the story about a student who dreams about seeking revenge against his abusive teachers.

See also

• Mobbing
• Personality disorders
• School bullying
• School violence
• Sexual harassment in education
• Sexual harassment and abuse of students by teachers

Further reading

Books

• Blase, J; JR Blase (2003). Breaking the Silence: Overcoming the Problem of Principal Mistreatment of Teachers. Corwin Press. ISBN 0-7619-7772-4. 
• Hart, N.; J. Hurd (2000). Teacher stress: the consequences of harassment and bullying. Monitor. ISBN 1-871241-31-6. 
• Horwitz, K. (2008). White Chalk Crime: The REAL Reason Schools Fail. Booksurge Llc. ISBN 1-4196-9407-3. 
• Schnall, R.S. (2009). When Teachers Talk: Principal Abuse of Teachers / The Untold Story. Goldenring Publishing. ISBN 0-578-00563-8. 

Academic papers

• Allen, K.P. (Spring 2010). "Classroom Management, Bullying, and Teacher Practices" (PDF). The Professional Educator 34 (1). 
• Barnes CA A study investigating the opinions and experiences OF selected teachers regarding teacher bullying - 2007
• Delfabbro, P.; Winefield T.; Trainor S.; Dollard M.; Anderson S.; Metzer J; Hammarstrom A. (2006). "Peer and teacher bullying/victimization of South Australian secondary school students: Prevalence and psychosocial profiles". British Journal of Educational Psychology 76 (1): Pages 71–90. doi:10.1348/000709904X24645. 
• Hepburn, A (December 2000). "Power lines: Derrida, discursive psychology and the management of accusations of teacher bullying". British Journal of Social Psychology 39 (4): 605–628. doi:10.1348/014466600164651. 
• Monsvold T, Bendixen M, Hagen R Exposure to teacher bullying in schools: A study of patients with personality disorders - Nordic Journal of Psychiatry 2011 Feb 25
• Twemlow, SW; P Fonagy; FC Sacco; JR Brethour Jr. (May 2006). "Teachers who bully students: A hidden trauma" (PDF). International Journal of Social Psychiatry 52 (3): 187–198. doi:10.1177/0020764006067234. 

External links

• "Teachers 'bullied at school'". BBC News. April 12, 2003. Retrieved October 9, 2011. 
• Teacher suicide rate doubles