Basseri
Basseri people
|
|
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 80,000 [1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Southern Iran | |
| Languages | |
| Persian | |
| Religion | |
| Shia islam |
The Basseri are a nomadic, pastoral and Persian full blooded tribe of the Fars region of present-day Iran. They have formerly been part of the so-called Khamseh confederation.The area that the basseri migrate in are the steep mountains of South, East and North Shiraz. The "tent" is the basic unit of social organization among the Basseri. All tents have a recognized head that deals with the formal officers of the tribe, villagers, and other strangers. The Basseris raise sheep, goats, donkeys, horses, camels, and dogs.
Contents
Lineage[edit]
Basseries are mostly Persians .Their origin is the "Pasargadean" tribe.The Pasargadean tribe was the biggest tribe of Persia and the tribe who helped Cyrus The Great constitute the Achaemenid Empire.They named "Karian" tribe in Sasanian Empire period.They were the relers of some parts of south Persia and the Karyan city of Persia cause They helped Ardashir I constitute the Sasanian empire.
After Muslim conquest of Persia They were under rule of Arabic Tribes of South Persia ,who migrated to Persia after its conquest, till the constitute of Zand Dynasty by Karim Khan.They named "Basseri" in Qajar Dynasty.In Pahlavi Dynasty period They were settled by the government in 1930 and again started to decamp in 1941.After the Land Reformations of Iran ,they settled in the cities and the villages of Fars Province and went to the cities and the villages ;But,it is not hard to find them in tents,too.[2]
Language[edit]
Most of the Basseries speak Persian .They have a special Persian accent in which They use some Old Persian words.Some of these words are not used in Modern Persian but their accent is not hard to understand for others.[3]
Rug[edit]
Basseri tribe rugs are asymmetrically knotted, brighter in colours, with more open space and smaller ornaments and figure with Orange as the specific color.The women of the tribe usually make the rugs.[4]
Chieftainship[edit]
The chief of the Basseri Tribe rules through coercive authority. The main functions of the chief are: to allocate pastures and coordinate the migration of the tribes, settle disputes that are brought to him, and represent the tribe or any of its members in politically important dealings with sedentary authorities. Most matters of law are governed by custom and compromise in the Basseri tribe and is regulated by diffuse sanctions. However the chief will serve as a mediator for cases that can't be solved through tradition because of the matters of the case. The chief is not bound by precedent or custom in his decision, and his decision will be based on what he feels is "best for the tribe".[5]
Darbar[edit]
The Darbar consist of Basseri tribe members who are closest with the chief and always migrate with him. Within the Darbar there is a personal valet, master of the stores, a groom for the chief's riding horse, a scribe, and a hunting/drinking companion.
Bibliography[edit]
- Nomads Of South Persia (1961) by Fredrik Barth (read book)
- Nomads Of Persia (2014) by Ehsan Yousefi
References[edit]
- ^ Nomads of Persia:The Basseri tribe.Ehsan Yousefi.2014.Shiraz
- ^ Nomads of Persia:The Basseri tribe.Ehsan Yousefi.2014.Shiraz
- ^ Nomads of Persia:The Basseri tribe.Ehsan Yousefi.2014.Shiraz
- ^ Oriental rugs: a complete guide - Charles W. Jacobsen, C. E. Tuttle Co. 1962
- ^ Nomads of South Persia:The Basseri tribe of The Khamseh Confederacy.Fredrik Barth.1962.Oslo
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Sources[edit]
- http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/cultural/oldworld/middle_east/basseri.html
- http://orion.oac.uci.edu/~dbell/BarthsoPersia.pdf
- https://archive.org/details/nomadsofsouthper002252mbp
