Pedro V of Portugal
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| Pedro V | |||||
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Pedro V aged 23, c. 1860
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| King of Portugal and the Algarves | |||||
| Reign | 15 November 1853 – 11 November 1861 | ||||
| Acclamation | 16 September 1855 | ||||
| Predecessors | Maria II and Fernando II | ||||
| Successor | Luís I | ||||
| Regent | Fernando II (1853–1855) | ||||
| Prime Ministers | |||||
| Born | 16 September 1837 Necessidades Palace, Lisbon |
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| Died | 11 November 1861 (aged 24) Necessidades Palace, Lisbon |
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| Burial | Pantheon of the Braganzas | ||||
| Spouse | Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen | ||||
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| House | House of Braganza[1] | ||||
| Father | Ferdinand II of Portugal | ||||
| Mother | Maria II of Portugal | ||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism | ||||
| Signature |  |
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Dom Pedro V (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpedɾu]; English: Peter V; 16 September 1837 – 11 November 1861), nicknamed "the Hopeful" (Portuguese: o Esperançoso), was King of Portugal from 1853 to 1861.
Contents
Early life and reign[edit]
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As the eldest son of Queen Maria II and her de jure uxoris co-monarch Ferdinand II, Pedro was a member of the House of Braganza.[1] As heir apparent to the throne he was styled Prince Royal (Príncipe Real), and was also the 19th Duke of Braganza (Duque de Bragança).
Pedro was a conscientious and hard-working monarch who, under the guidance of his father, sought radical modernisation of the Portuguese state and infrastructure. Under his reign, roads, telegraphs, and railways were constructed and improvements in public health advanced. His popularity increased when, during the cholera outbreak of 1853–1856, he visited hospitals handing out gifts and comforting the sick.
Pedro V, along with his brothers Fernando and João and other royal family members, succumbed to typhoid fever or cholera in 1861.
Marriage[edit]
Pedro married Princess Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, eldest daughter of Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and Princess Josephine of Baden, by proxy in Berlin on 29 April 1858 and then in person in Lisbon on 18 May 1858. This was a happy marriage until Queen Stephanie died a year later from diphtheria.[2] Pedro and Stephanie's marriage was childless so the Portuguese throne passed to his brother Louis.
Titles, styles and honors[edit]
Main article: List of titles and honours of the Portuguese Crown
Titles and styles[edit]
| Royal styles of King Pedro V of Portugal |
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| Reference style | His Most Faithful Majesty |
| Spoken style | Your Most Faithful Majesty |
| Alternative style | Sire |
- 16 September 1837 – 15 November 1853: His Royal Highness The Prince Royal of Portugal
- 15 November 1853 – 11 November 1861: His Most Faithful Majesty The King of Portugal and the Algarves, of either side of the sea in Africa, Lord of Guinea and of Conquest, Navigation and Commerce of Ethiopia, Arabia, Persia and India, etc.[3]
Nobility[edit]
Peter held the following titles as heir to the Portuguese crown:[4]
- Duke of Braganza (23rd)
- Duke of Barcelos (18th)
- Duke of Guimarães (20th)
- Marquis of Vila Viçosa (22nd)
- Count of Ourém (24th)
- Count of Barcelos (24th)
- Count of Faria and Neiva (24th)
- Count of Arraiolos (26th)
- Count of Guimarães (21st)
Honours[edit]
As King Peter V, he was awarded the following honours:
Portuguese orders:[5]
- Grand Master of the Order of Christ
- Grand Master of the Order of Saint Benedict of Aviz
- Grand Master of the Order of Saint James of the Sword
- Grand Cross of the Order of the Tower and Sword
- Grand Cross of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa
Foreign orders:[5]
- Grand Cross of the Austro-Hungarian Order of Saint Stephen
- Grand Cross of the Brazilian Order of the Southern Cross
- Grand Cross of the Dutch Order of the Netherlands Lion
- Grand Cross of the French Legion of Honour
- Grand Cross of the Prussian Order of the Black Eagle
- Grand Cross of the Order of the White Falcon of Saxe-Weimar
- Grand Cross of the Order of Ernest the Pious of the Saxon Duchies
- Grand Cross of the Order of the Rue Crown of Saxony
- Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Ferdinand and of Merit of the Two Sicilies
- Knight of the British Order of the Garter
- Knight of the Italian Order of the Most Holy Annunciation
- Knight of the House Order of Hohenzollern
- Knight of the Spanish Order of the Golden Fleece
Ancestry[edit]
The ancestry of Peter V, comprising five generations:[6]
See also[edit]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pedro V of Portugal. |
References[edit]
- ^ a b "While remaining patrilineal dynasts of the duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha according to pp. 88, 116 of the 1944 Almanach de Gotha, Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5 of the 1838 Portuguese constitution declared, with respect to Ferdinand II of Portugal's issue by his first wife, that 'the Most Serene House of Braganza is the reigning house of Portugal and continues through the Person of the Lady Queen Maria II'. Thus their mutual descendants constitute the Coburg line of the House of Braganza"
- ^ The autopsy proved the queen had died a virgin. The marriage had never been consummated. Mónica, Maria Filomena. Cenas da Vida Portuguesa, Lisboa: Quetzal, 1999.
- ^ Pinto 1883, pp. XV–XVI.
- ^ Castelo Branco e Torres 1838, pp. XXIV–XXV, XXXIV.
- ^ a b Pinto 1883, p. XVI.
- ^ Pinto 1883, pp. XV–XLVII.
Further reading[edit]
- Castelo Branco e Torres, João Carlos Feo Cardoso de (1838). Resenha das familias titulares do Reino de Portugal: acompanhada das notícias biographicas de alguns individuos das mesmas famílias (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional.
- Pinto, Albano da Silveira (1883). Resenha das familias titulares e grandes de Portugal (in Portuguese) I. Lisbon: Francisco Arthur da Silva.
External links[edit]
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Pedro V of Portugal
Cadet branch of the House of Aviz and House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Born: 16 September 1837 Died: 11 November 1861 |
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| Preceded by Maria II and Ferdinand II |
King of Portugal and the Algarves 1853–1861 |
Succeeded by Luís I |
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Categories:
- 1837 births
- 1861 deaths
- Portuguese infantes
- Portuguese monarchs
- Portuguese royalty
- Princes Royal of Portugal
- Roman Catholic monarchs
- Kohary family
- House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
- Knights of the Garter
- Knights of the Golden Fleece
- Dukes of Braganza
- 19th-century Portuguese monarchs
- Burials at the Monastery of São Vicente de Fora
- Recipients of the Order of St. Andrew
- Grand Masters of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa
- Portuguese people of German descent
- People from Lisbon
- Deaths from typhoid fever
- Deaths from cholera
