2000s in fashion

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Young women in Portugal with straightened hair and thick makeup, 2007.

The 2000s fashion are often described as being a "mash-up",[1] where trends saw the fusion of previous styles, global and ethnic clothing (e.g. boho), as well as the fashions of numerous music-based subcultures. Hip-hop fashion generally was the most popular among young people, followed by the unisex indie look later in the decade.

Those 25 years of age and older adopted a dressy casual style which was popular throughout the decade. Globalization also influenced the decade's clothing trends, with the incorporation of Middle Eastern and Asian dress into mainstream European, American and Australasian fashion.[2] Furthermore, eco-friendly and ethical clothing, such as recycled fashions and fake fur, were prominent in the decade.[3]

In the early 2000s, many mid and late 1990s fashions remained fashionable around the globe, while simultaneously introducing newer trends. Although the 2000s did not have one particular style, they revived clothes primarily from the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s.

The leading fashion designers between 2000–2009 included the late Alexander McQueen, Vera Wang, Christian Louboutin, Jean-Paul Gaultier, Vivienne Westwood,[4] and Karl Lagerfeld.[5] The top supermodels of the decade were Kate Moss, Gisele Bündchen,[6] Adriana Lima, Alessandra Ambrosio, Heidi Klum, Naomi Campbell, Tyra Banks, Karolína Kurková, Miranda Kerr, Izabel Goulart, Selita Ebanks, Christie Brinkley, Christy Turlington, Linda Evangelista, Marisa Miller, Doutzen Kroes, Agyness Deyn, Hilary Rhoda, Raquel Zimmermann, Coco Rocha, Lily Donaldson, Chanel Iman, Sasha Pivovarova, Caroline Trentini, and Jessica Stam.[7]

Women's fashion[edit]

Early 2000s (2000–02)[edit]

Y2K Fashion[edit]

  • When the 2000s kicked off, the fashion was profoundly influenced by technology. From late 1999 until late 2001, there was a monochromatic futuristic approach to fashion,[8] with metallics, shiny blacks, heavy use of gray, straps, and buckles becoming commonplace. This was called "Y2K fashion". The apparel was made to be as dark, reflective, technological, and as sexy as possible. When the original iPod was introduced in 2001, the earbuds, as well as the gadget itself, became somewhat of an accessory for early adopters.[9]
  • Particular pieces of Y2K clothing included mesh tops, box-pleated skirts, handkerchief tops (often in a metallic pattern such as silver or gold for a disco feel),[10] satin skirts, leather skirts,[11] concert t-shirts with rhinestones,[8] sparkling shoes,[12] halter tops, sequinned pants (popularized by Peter Morrissey),[13] and embroidered and sequinned tops (inspired by Easton Pearson),[13][14] along with the famous pearl printed black cocktail dress by Karen Walker, which was successful worldwide.[13]
  • In the year 2000, some of the casual women's and girl's fashion trends were oversized sunglasses,[15] aviator sunglasses,[13] oversized hoop earrings,[8] jeans worn for numerous occasions[15] (such as low-rise, boot-cut, fabric accents down the sides, fabric accents sewn into the flares, lace-up sides and tie-dye[12]), wedge flip flops,[15] hot pants,[12] denim jackets, chunky sweaters, pashmina scarves,[11] Skechers,[16] belly shirts, and tube tops.

Post 9/11 Casual Clothing[edit]

Woman in the summer of 2001 wearing low-rise jeans exposing her thong, an early 2000s fashion trend referred to as a whale tail.
  • The September 11, 2001 attacks drastically changed the fashion world. Denim became hugely popular, with almost all forms of it being distressed. This was perhaps a reaction to the streamlined, futuristic, outer space-themed Y2K styles of the year 2000. Pants became lower waisted and significantly more flared than they were previously. Denim attire in general became more elaborately styled, as opposed to the no-frills style of before.[9] Also, several successful brands of the year 2000 declined in popularity, most notably Skechers.[16]
  • In Europe, North America, East Asia, South America, and Oceania, the early 2000s saw the continuation of many mid and late 1990s fashions due to the continued influence of teen pop stars such as Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera, such as the military look,[17] while introducing newer trends. From 2001 onwards (post 9/11), women wore long-sleeved shirts with bell sleeves, cowl-neck tops, crop tops, Burberry, hoodies, flare jeans, hip-huggers,[18] low rise pants,[17][19] white jeans,[20] whale tails,[21] cargo pants[22][23] (especially ones made out of silk, satin, and velvet)[24][25] hip-hop inspired sweatpants, daisy dukes, thong underwear, and solid bright-colored tights.[25] These fashions remained popular well into the late 2000s.
  • In the UK, it was popular for women to wear skirts over trousers, floral print shift dresses, and colors like black, purple and pink. Big, chunky shoes and sandals were popular, with thick wedge heels and imitation leather straps decorated with floral embroidery.[26]

First-wave 1980s revival[edit]

  • Although the 1980s fashion revival was not in full swing until 2004, the first movement had started in the late 1990s and continued into the early 2000s. This first wave primarily focused on the early 1980s. Such trends that emerged during this period included denim miniskirts, ripped "distressed" jeans, denim jackets, tracksuits,[23] trenchcoats (often in pleather), puffy jackets (revived by Hip-Hop artists), and preppy polo shirts with popped collars. These remained popular until about 2008 when the revival of late 1980s fashions occurred.
  • Overall, European and American women and girls wore low-top sneakers, such as Skechers, Heelys, Adidas shoes, Reebok shoes, and Nike, as well as knee-high boots with spiked heels and pointed toes (or conversely, thick low heels and round or square toes).[17] Popular accessories of the early 2000s include white belts, aviator sunglasses, trucker hats, hoop earrings, Mary Janes,[25] leg warmers (worn with mini skirts),[25][27] ugg boots,[21] flip-flops, jelly shoes,[28] lace-up sandals,[20] newsboy caps, ponchos, and jelly bracelets.[29]

Mid 2000s (2003–06)[edit]

Model in 2004 wearing low-rise jeans, a newsboy cap, and a belly shirt.

It Items and 1960s Revival[edit]

Main article: Boho-chic

Military influences[edit]

Late 2000s (2007–09)[edit]

Carry Over Styles[edit]

Young American woman in 2007 wearing a white miniskirt, a blue bikini top, and sunglasses.
  • Many early and mid 2000s fashions remained fashionable in 2007; This included items such as denim miniskirts, whale tail, hip-huggers, boot-cut jeans, tank-tops, ripped jeans, hoodies, cargo pants, white belts, cropped jackets, capris, infantile dresses, boho-chic, and Crocs.[21]

Second Wave 1980s Revival[edit]

Young woman in summer 2009 wearing all black clothes.
  • The canary yellow dress Reese Witherspoon wore to the Golden Globes helped establish that hue as a signature color in 2007.[52]
  • In 2008, there was a second wave 1980s revival, which incorporated general items of late 1980s and early 1990s streetwear, such as neon colors, gladiator shoes,[21] animal print headbands, denim-print jeggings, knitted sweater dresses, Nike Tempo shorts, wonderbra and sloggi underwear, sundresses, geometric pattern tops, slap bracelets, ballet flats, black spandex leggings, light, translucent tartan shirts worn with a camisole underneath, kinky boots, and ripped skinny jeans.[21] Long, baggy empire line shirts were taken in at the bustline and often paired with a belt. Fur coats made a comeback, although many women used "fish fur" due to real fur's association with animal cruelty.[53]

Eastern and Fairtrade Fashion[edit]

Main article: Fashion in India
Indian couple wearing a mixture of traditional dress and Western clothing.

Activist Chic[edit]

Men's fashion[edit]

Early 2000s (2000–02)[edit]

Y2K Fashion[edit]

  • At the very beginning of the decade, the excitement of entering the new millennium had become evident in fashion in the first couple of years, although this was only prominent in nightclub and "going out" attire. Clothing was mostly made in black, though silver was also fashionable.[9] An example of this would be a tracksuit,[10] a dress shirt, a pair of pants, a camp shirt, or a jacket in a fancy metallic pattern for going out; while also compromising of items such as leather coats and pants, puffy vests and jackets, ribbed sweaters and shirts, and chunky dress shoes, usually in futuristic colors such as black, silver, light gray, and white.[63][64] It lasted from late 1999[63] until late 2001.[9]

Leisurewear[edit]

Brad Pitt, George Clooney, Damon, Andy García, Julia Roberts, and Steven Soderbergh wearing brown leather jackets in December 2001.

Mid 2000s (2003–06)[edit]

1960s Revival[edit]

Californian band Orson in 2006 wearing mid 1960s-inspired apparel.

Retro Movie Inspirations[edit]

Business Suits[edit]

Late 2000s (2007–09)[edit]

Jared Leto wearing slim-fit formal wear; Popular 2008–onwards.

Throwback fashions[edit]

Ed Hardy[edit]

  • Due to the mainstream acceptance of body modification, T shirts, baseball caps and hoodies featuring vintage tattoo designs were desirable items in the US, Britain and India, where they were worn with black leather jackets, gold chains, and dark slim-fit jeans.[107] V-neck cartoon print hoodies became popular among younger men, in contrast to the designer brands previously worn by the chav subculture. Ed Hardy T-shirts, often embellished with rhinestones, were fashionable from 2008 until the mid-2010s, when they fell out of favour due to their unintended popularity among young clubgoers stereotyped for being thugs, jocks or guidos.[108]

Slim-fit Suits[edit]

  • In the European workplace, the cut of suits changed, as the three buttoned jackets popular in the 1990s were replaced with 1950s inspired suits comprising a two-buttoned blazer and matching trousers[109] while in the US the power suit made a comeback.[110] Single-breasted European suits sometimes featured contrasting Edwardian style piping on the lapels and were often worn with slim ties and waistcoats.[111]

Youth fashion[edit]

Youth fashion was strongly influenced by many music-based subcultures such as Emo, Indie kids, scene kids,[112] Psychobilly, Preppy, Skater, Goth, Nu-Metal (known as Moshers in the UK),[113] ravers and Hip-Hop,[114] including the British chav, US gangsta rapper and Mexican Cholo styles of the early 2000s.[115]

Hip-Hop
Main article: Hip hop fashion
American rapper Jay Z
Chavs and Moshers
Main article: Chav
Nu-Metal, Rave, and Goth
Main article: Goth subculture
Psychobilly and Rockabilly
Main article: Raggare
Indie and Emo
Scene Kids
Main article: Scene (subculture)

2000s Beauty Trends[edit]

Hairstyles[edit]

Women[edit]

Zoë Bell in 2006 sporting a medium length hairstyle and blended highlights.

In the early 2000s, women's hair was often long and straight.[149] The early 2000s featured a "zig-zag partings", in which the hairline is parted in a zig-zag fashion. Hair lengths varied from below the earlobes at the shortest to just below the shoulders at the longest.[150] From 1995 until 2008 highlights and lowlights made of blonde, red, and light brown went mainstream. In 2000, highlights were soft and subtle for a sun-kissed look.[150] In 2002 bold and unblended highlights called "chunky highlights" burst onto the scene. This trend was kickstarted by Kelly Clarkson during her time on American Idol, lasting until 2006.[151] The early 2000s also continued the Farrah Fawcett hairstyle revival of the late 1990s.[152]

For black women, cornrows, dreadlocks and curly weaves were popular until the late 2000s, when tamed-down versions of the Afro, Jheri curl and short pixie cuts were popularized by artists like Janet Jackson and Rihanna. Another popular hairstyle throughout the decade was the braid, rejuvenated by the likes of Alicia Keys and Lauren Conrad. Throughout the early and middle years braids and plaits would often be meticulously put in intricate patterns and would purposely be styled as a way to blend in better with women's clothing styles.[151]

In the mid 2000s, many women favored the bob haircut, as well as its longer version, the long bob or "the lob".[149][151] By 2005, it became unfashionable to center-part one's hair, and the side-swept look of the 1980s made a comeback.

In the late 2000s, dark haired women (and even light-haired ones) favored the jet black hair, as worn by Katy Perry or Amy Winehouse with her trademark beehive hairstyle. Textured hair with volume, natural wavy hair, and the bob cut became popular from 2007 onwards in both Britain and the USA. In 2009, many women sought to imitate the hairstyle Kate Gosselin had that year, briefly bringing back blended highlights into the mainstream. This look ended up only being a fad.[151]

Men[edit]

For European men aged 25–40, shorter hair styles that usually took the form of a quiff were fashionable in the early 2000s, as well as spiked hair for men aged 25–30. A common haircut among American men and boys was the spiky hair with frosted tips,[151] popularized by boybands and pop punk bands from 1996 through 2004. The crew cut was a common hairstyle for Middle Eastern men since the mid-1990s, which would then continue into the 2010s.

Dark-haired American men often had dyed-blonde weaves and streaks until the late 2000s when a natural hair color became the norm again. In America, the fauxhawk, Buzzcut, and spiked hair were popular among young men aged 18–25 emulating their favorite hardcore punk bands.

Although curtained hair had been popular throughout the 90s, it still has remained popular in the early 2000s, sported by celebrities like Tom Cruise, Jim Adkins of Jimmy Eat World, Alex Band, Jason Wade, Mehmet Okur and Hanno Möttölä, thus the shaggier variant of this hairstyle becoming popular during that time.

In the UK, long, shaggy Mod or surfer hair and Bed head became popular among many young men between 2003–2006 as many bands moved away from punk rock and rap metal in favor of a 1960s inspired indie or garage rock sound pioneered by groups like The Strokes, Jet, The Killers, The Hives, The Vines, Coldplay, and The White Stripes.

By the late 2000s, many young British men opted for a clean-cut 1950s inspired hairstyle, kept in place with pomade.[153] Shaved and bald hairstyles along with beards, moustaches, stubble, sideburns, and the goatee became popular in Europe and North America in reaction to the effeminate early and mid 2000s metrosexual look, with charitable events like Movember further increasing their acceptability.[154]

Children and Teenagers[edit]

Swedish teenagers wearing typical late 2000s male hairstyles, 2008.

For teenage boys and children, short haircuts like spiky hair, dyed hair, the buzzcut and Caesar cut were popular in the early 2000s. Girls favored straight hair extensions and chunky highlights. It also became fashionable to sport curly hair with a "zig-zag" side parting and blended highlights around 2002/03.[155]

In the mid 2000s, longer hair on teenage boys became popular in the UK and America, including the wings haircut inspired by surfers, the 1960s Mod subculture, and British indie pop stars.[156] Hairstyles among teenage girls experienced little change, being largely the same as they were in the early 2000s. However, curly hair became less popular, while straight hair grew more dominant. Highlights remained popular, as well as extensions. Hair was often tied into a ponytail and incorporated long bangs or a fringe.

In the late 2000s, the androgynous Harajuku inspired scene hairstyles (often dyed bright colors) and eyeliner were popular among girls and boys alike: first in Japan, and later in the US and Europe.[157] As an alternative to the scene hairstyles, many teenage girls in the US and Australasia opted for a preppy hairstyle that involved long, straight hair, side-swept bangs and a side part, while boys wore side-swept surfer hair.[158] In between 2006 and 2008, Middle Eastern teenage boys in Australia, namely those of Lebanese descent, acquired the high and tight haircut. Some tend to had the cut with a mullet.

Makeup and Cosmetic Trends[edit]

The year 2000 was based on the glittery Y2K inspired makeup of the late 1990s. With the turn of the millennium, the idea was for women to capture a futuristic, space-age style. With makeup including bronze specks for a metallic shine with ecstatic colors. An alternative for those who did not like metallics was a purple and brown color scheme.[159] Lip gloss was more popular than lipstick among both women and girls.[151] By the spring/summer season of 2001, this look took a backseat in favor of a more low-maintenance, natural style that showed off ones features. However, the glittery looks continued to be popular.[160] In 2002, mineral makeup broke into the mainstream with Bare Minerals, a product of Bare Escentuals. This fueled the trend for natural looking makeup, and became the standard of the 2000s.[151] By 2003, the glittery looks had disappeared.

By around 2005/06, retro-styled makeup from the 1940s had made a comeback, such as bright red lips and cat eyes. In the mid and late 2000s, lip gloss remained popular, and the "Smoky Eye" emerged, with more emphasis on eyeliner, mascara, and eyeshadow.[151] Another emerging trend was a more natural "less is more" approach to makeup around the same time.[161] Also around the second half of the decade, there was an increasing amount of emphasis on the perfection of complexions, with illuminators and shimmer products becoming must-have items.[149] In the late 2000s, there was a craze for fake eyelashes, started by Lady Gaga.[149] This resulted in lash tinting, lash extensions, lash embroidery, and fake lashes. Makeup styles generally became simpler and more individualistic with the rise of How-to YouTube videos.[151]

Body Care and Grooming[edit]

The year 2000 featured natural-colored skin as the most desirable, and did not feature many body care trends other than the rise of hair removal, teeth whitening, and anti-aging creams. In the summer of 2001, the sunless tanning trend broke into the mainstream for both genders,[160] prompted by Jennifer Lopez[149] and Christina Aguilera. This included both self-tanners and spray tans. Cosmetic contacts also became more widespread among both genders this year. In 2002, botox was approved for public use and became hugely popular with women and men. By late 2008, fake tanning had gone out of style in favor a pale complexion, inspired by the Twilight film.[151]

The 2000s continued the unisex trend of bikini waxing which had started in the 1990s.[149] Although waxing in general had been popular among women for several years, it was in the 1990s that complete male body hair removal went mainstream.[162] Being considered suggestive and indecent in the 90s, male waxing became ubiquitous as a result of the metrosexual trend in the early and mid 2000s. Also during this time, it was popular to have a completely clean-shaven face, as if to make one look underage.[151] Male hair removal declined in the late 2000s.

Tattoos and Piercings[edit]

Navel piercings were popular from 1995 all the way through the mid 2000s. (Photo date: 2005)

The 2000s continued the trend of tattoos and piercings among both genders which had begun during the 1990s. Commonplace tattoos in Europe, Australasia, Hong Kong,[163] and North America included tramp stamps[164] and tribal arm tattoos from the early to mid 2000s, and Hindu Sanskrit or Chinese Kanji words from 2007-2010.[165][166][167] Old school tattoos depicting hearts, skulls, flowers or female figures were considered unfashionable[168] and unsophisticated for much of the decade, especially among women. However, these made a comeback in 2008 alongside nautical stars[169] and Japanese inspired irezumi at the same time Ed Hardy accessories[170][171] and the pin-up girl look were becoming popular.[172]

In the early 2000s, navel piercings reached their peak, as did tongue rings. Other popular piercings throughout the decade include labret piercings, nostril piercings, nipple piercings, and eyebrow piercings.[173] Piercings and tattoos reached the height of their popularity during the mid 2000s[151] but remained a common sight among young people well into the 2010s.[174][175]

Gallery[edit]

A selection of images related to the period.

  • Model sporting a baby doll dress, spring 2000.

  • Chunky sneakers of the early 2000s.

  • Swedish couple in 2002 sporting various early 2000s fashions and hairstyles.

  • Leeann Tweeden, 2003, wearing an off-the-shoulder top and cargo pants. She also sports highlights on her hair.

  • Young woman in 2003 wearing a horizontal striped shirt and boot-cut jeans.

  • German woman wearing jean shorts, popular from 2001-2008.

  • Boots and shoes with pointed toes were popular among both sexes for most of the 2000s.

  • Jamaican woman with cornrows, 2002.

  • Cargo pants were a unisex trend popular in the early and mid 2000s.

  • Irish youth fashion, early 2000s.

  • The flared jeans of the late 1990s remained fashionable throughout the early and mid 2000s.

  • Trucker hats became popular in the early and mid 2000s.

  • Miranda Kerr in 2004 modeling for Obar Jeans.

  • English singer Peter Andre in 2004 wearing ripped and sandblasted baggy jeans influenced by surfer and hip-hop fashion.

  • Florida girls dancing on a bar wearing platform boots and animal print outfits.

  • Female tourists in 2005 sporting colorful mid 2000s athletic fashions.

  • Bob cut popular among European women from 2003-2009.

  • Swedish Raggare, 2005.

  • Adam Curry, 2005, sporting the shag, popular from 2001–2007.

  • Zooey Deschanel wearing 1960s inspired Boho-chic dress.

  • Young woman wearing a pink polo shirt, embroidered boot-cut jeans, and white sneakers in 2006.

  • Japanese girls wearing Lolita dresses, mid-2000s.

  • Winklepicker boots fashionable in England, Italy and Mexico from 2005 onwards.

  • Slim-fit tweed jackets have gained in popularity since early 2006.

  • Haute couture dress from spring 2006.

  • Girl with curly brown hair sporting an off-the-shoulder top, a carry over from the early 2000s.

  • Paisley handbag associated with the boho-chic look.

  • German Mosher, the more punk-like incarnation of scene, early-mid 2000s.

  • Modern leggings came into fashion in the late 2000s.

  • Vintage printed tees worn across Indie, Scene and Nu-Rave fans.

  • Slim-fitting plaid Western shirt gained popularity in the UK from 2008 onwards.

  • Chinese pop singer wearing vintage military jacket, 2007.

  • In late 2008, especially in Italy, the denim waistcoat was a popular feminine fashion accessory.

  • Tattoos and extreme body piercings went mainstream in the late 2000s.

  • Chinese skaters, 2007.

  • Ecuadorian emo kids from the late 2000s.

  • Young woman wearing sundress and Christian Louboutin shoes, 2009.

  • 1950s inspired haircut worn by many British men from 2008 onwards.

  • Example of the two button slim-fit suit popular from the late 2000s onwards in the UK, US and China.

  • American Scene Kids, 2009.

  • Skinny jeans, 2007 to present.[21]

See also[edit]

Portal icon 2000s portal
Portal icon Fashion portal
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2000s fashion.

References[edit]

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  84. ^ "Men's shoes: 5 Trends For Spring 2006". Retrieved 8 June 2014. 
  85. ^ "Men's shoes: 5 Trends For Spring 2006 (Page 2)". Retrieved 8 June 2014. 
  86. ^ Nehru Suit on BBC News. Bbc.co.uk (13 January 2012).
  87. ^ Summer 2003. Uk.askmen.com.
  88. ^ Fall fashions, 2005. Uk.askmen.com.
  89. ^ 2004 trends. Uk.askmen.com.
  90. ^ Mens fashions, fall 2005. Uk.askmen.com.
  91. ^ Leather coats. Uk.askmen.com.
  92. ^ Tweed jacket, 2004. Uk.askmen.com.
  93. ^ Farah Averill. "Top 10 hype worthy 2009 fashion trends". Uk.askmen.com. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
  94. ^ Farah Averill. "Jay-Z: Style icon". Uk.askmen.com. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
  95. ^ Jackets for fall 2007. Uk.askmen.com.
  96. ^ Anyiam, Thony C. (2007), Jumping the Broom in Style, Authorhouse, ISBN 1-4259-8638-2.
  97. ^ Mens beachwear
  98. ^ Ski jackets, fall 2009. Uk.askmen.com.
  99. ^ Brandon Dyce. "Denim labels you should own". Uk.askmen.com. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
  100. ^ Michael A. Lubarsky. "2008 winter overcoats". Uk.askmen.com. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
  101. ^ ["Bang Face – The Rebirth of Rave, Part One" Rave Talk Retrieved 2008-10-18.
  102. ^ [Susan Wloszczyna and Ann Oldenburg, USA TODAY. "USATODAY.com – Geek chic" USA Today. Retrieved 2008-10-18.
  103. ^ Michael A. Lubarsky. "Throwback writstwatches". Uk.askmen.com. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
  104. ^ Brandon Dyce. "2008 sunglasses". Uk.askmen.com. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
  105. ^ "Sneaker Archive". Sneakers.bz. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
  106. ^ "Sneaker Files". Sneaker Files. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
  107. ^ What not to wear
  108. ^ How men dress their age
  109. ^ Farah Averill. "Two button or three button suit?". Uk.askmen.com. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
  110. ^ Farah Averill. "Power dressing". Uk.askmen.com. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
  111. ^ Jeremy Berger. "Timeless men's lines". Uk.askmen.com. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
  112. ^ ["The Scene Kid Subculture vs. Emos – News Article" Absolute Punk Retrieved 2008-10-18
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  116. ^ Hip hop style. Uk.askmen.com.
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  118. ^ Last White Superstar. Web.archive.org (10 January 2010).
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  120. ^ Why is chav still controversial?. Bbc.co.uk (3 June 2011).
  121. ^ Croydon facelift. Thesun.co.uk (27 July 2011).
  122. ^ Peterson, Brian (2009). Burning Fight: The Nineties Hardcore Revolution in Ethics, Politics, Spirit, and Sound. Revelation Books. ISBN 978-1-889703-02-2.
  123. ^ Denim guide. Uk.askmen.com.
  124. ^ Ryan Shckler interview. Askmen.com.
  125. ^ All American back from Japan. Nytimes.com (17 June 2009).
  126. ^ Dead fashionable. Theage.com.au (13 September 2002).
  127. ^ [Lauren M. E. Goodlad, Michael Bibby: Goth. Undead subculture, Duke University Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-8223-3921-2, p. 47]
  128. ^ Rivethead fashion. Voices.yahoo.com.
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  130. ^ Raggare comes of age. Guardian.
  131. ^ Buszek, Maria Elena (2006). Pin-up grrrls: feminism, sexuality, popular culture. Duke University Press. ISBN 0-8223-3746-0.
  132. ^ Ed Hardy shop. Ed Hardy shop.
  133. ^ Ed Hardy hat. Uk.askmen.com.
  134. ^ Dress like an indie frontman. Uk.askmen.com.
  135. ^ Birth of uncool. Guardian.
  136. ^ Kanye West. Uk.askmen.com.
  137. ^ Grillo, Ioan. (27 March 2008) Emo bashing in Tijuana. Time.com.
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  141. ^ Grant Woodward Finding Emos ...and goths, moshers and scene kids Yorkshire Evening Post 9 March 2007
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  143. ^ "Apparel". Hottopic.com. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
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  146. ^ Robert Urban, Robert Urban. "Ragged Blade Reviews: Queen's Freddie Mercury and his Legacy" Retrieved 1 August 2010.
  147. ^ Audrey Kitching's website. Audrey.buzznet.com.
  148. ^ Audrey Kitching: Fashion disaster. Cosmopolitan.com.
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  150. ^ a b "Top Hair Trends For 2000". Retrieved 15 August 2014. 
  151. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Beauty Trends of the 2000s". Retrieved 10 April 2014. 
  152. ^ "Farrah Fawcett Look". Retrieved 17 September 2014. 
  153. ^ Old school grooming
  154. ^ ["Marksimpson.com 'Here come the mirror men' by Mark Simpson – first usage of the word 'metrosexual'" Mark Simpson . Retrieved 18 October 2008.
  155. ^ "2002 Hair - Beautiful Hairstyles". Retrieved 5 September 2014. 
  156. ^ "Wings Haircut Retrieved 2008-10-18". Hair-style-salon.org. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
  157. ^ ["Metropolis – Tokyo feature stories: Face to face with Harajuku – Pictures of Japanese youth" Metropolis.co.jp Retrieved 2008-10-18.
  158. ^ Julian Wilson
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  161. ^ "Trends in the Beauty Industry Over the Past 10 Years". Retrieved 26 July 2014. 
  162. ^ "Waxing For Men". Retrieved 26 July 2014. 
  163. ^ Hong Kong tribal tattoo
  164. ^ Why do women get tramp stamps?
  165. ^ Beckham's Chinese tattoo
  166. ^ Golden Pig, Coffin Man and Noodles
  167. ^ Chinese tattoos popular in West
  168. ^ Why do people get tattoos?
  169. ^ Star tattoos
  170. ^ Ed Hardy phone case
  171. ^ Ed's art is booty for digital pirates
  172. ^ Tattoos no longer taboo for women
  173. ^ Body piercings
  174. ^ Most spectacular tats
  175. ^ Body ink expo
Periods
Middle Ages
1500s–1820s
1830s–1910s
1920s–present
Body-length
Tops
Trousers
Skirts
Dresses
Outerwear
Underwear
Headwear
Footwear
Accessories
See also
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