List of freshwater ecoregions (WWF)

This is a list of freshwater ecoregions as compiled by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). The terrestrial scheme divides the Earth's land surface into 8 terrestrial ecozones, containing 426 smaller ecoregions. Each ecoregion is classified into one of 12 major habitat types, or biomes.

Afrotropic

Legend: EcoID; Ecoregion; Biome (Major Habitat Type); Realm (Ecozone)

Large lakes

• 559; Lake Malawi; (Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania)
• 565; Lake Rukwa; (Tanzania)
• 542; Lake Tanganyika; (Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Tanzania, Zambia)
• 530; Lake Turkana; (Kenya)
• 521; Lake Victoria Basin; (Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda)

Large river deltas

• 506; Niger Delta;

Montane freshwaters

• 541; Albertine Highlands;
• 577; Amatolo - Winterberg Highlands;
• 574; Drakensberg - Maluti Highlands;
• 563; Eastern Zimbabwe Highlands;
• 525; Ethiopian Highlands;
• 510; Fouta - Djalon;
• 526; Lake Tana;
• 581; Madagascar Eastern Highlands;
• 513; Mount Nimba;
• 562; Mulanje;
• 519; Western Equatorial Crater Lakes;

Oceanic Islands

• 584; Comoros - Mayotte;
• 586; Mascarenes;
• 585; Seychelles;

Temperate coastal rivers

• 578; Cape Fold;

Temperate upland rivers

• 575; Southern Temperate Highveld;

Tropical and subtropical coastal rivers

• 515; Ashanti;
• 517; Bight Drainages;
• 564; Coastal East Africa;
• 551; Cuanza;
• 514; Eburneo;
• 583; Madagascar Eastern Lowlands;
• 533; Northern Gulf of Guinea Drainages - Bioko;
• 511; Northern Upper Guinea;
• 532; Ogooue - Nyanga - Kouilou - Niari;
• 568; Pangani;
• 587; S. Tome & Principe - Annobon;
• 518; Southern Gulf of Guinea Drainages;
• 512; Southern Upper Guinea;
• 567; Tana, Athi & Coastal Drainages;
• 576; Zambezian Lowveld;

Tropical and subtropical floodplain rivers and wetland complexes

• 544; Bangweulu - Mweru;
• 537; Cuvette Centrale;
• 508; Inner Niger Delta;
• 557; Kafue;
• 546; Kasai;
• 550; Lower Congo;
• 549; Lower Congo Rapids;
• 505; Lower Niger - Benue;
• 561; Lower Zambezi;
• 547; Mai Ndombe;
• 543; Malagarasi - Moyowosi;
• 548; Malebo Pool;
• 558; Middle Zambezi - Luangwa;
• 580; Northwestern Madagascar;
• 569; Okavango;
• 534; Sangha;
• 509; Senegal - Gambia;
• 535; Sudanic Congo - Oubangi;
• 538; Tumba;
• 539; Upper Congo Rapids;
• 545; Upper Lualaba;
• 522; Upper Nile;
• 556; Upper Zambezi Floodplains;
• 516; Volta;

Tropical and subtropical upland rivers

• 536; Uele;
• 540; Upper Congo;
• 507; Upper Niger;
• 555; Zambezian Headwaters;
• 560; Zambezian Highveld;

Xeric freshwaters and endorheic (closed) basins

• 553; Etosha;
• 529; Horn of Africa;
• 570; Kalahari;
• 573; Karoo;
• 554; Karstveld Sink Holes;
• 520; Lake Chad;
• 552; Namib;
• 528; Northern Eastern Rift;
• 443; Oman Mountains;
• 531; Shebelle - Jubba;
• 566; Southern Eastern Rift;
• 571; Southern Kalahari;
• 582; Southern Madagascar;
• 439; Southwestern Arabian Coast;
• 579; Western Madagascar;
• 572; Western Orange;

Australasia

Montane freshwaters

• 751; Lake Poso;
• 750; Matano - Southern Malili Lakes;
• 814; New Guinea Central Mountains;
• 813; New Guinea North Coast;

Temperate coastal rivers

• 809; Bass Strait Drainages;
• 807; Eastern Coastal Australia;
• 811; New Zealand;
• 810; Southern Tasmania;
• 801; Southwestern Australia;

Temperate floodplain rivers and wetlands

• 808; Murray - Darling;

Tropical and subtropical coastal rivers

• 805; Arafura - Carpentaria;
• 817; Bismarck Archipelago;
• 803; Kimberley;
• 748; Lesser Sunda Islands;
• 747; Malukku; (Indonesia)
• 820; New Caledonia;
• 816; Papuan Peninsula;
• 818; Solomon Islands;
• 815; Southwest New Guinea - Trans-Fly Lowland;
• 749; Sulawesi;
• 812; Vogelkop - Bomberai;

Xeric freshwaters and endorheic (closed) basins

• 806; Great Artesian Basin;
• 804; Paleo;
• 802; Pilbara;

Indo-Malay

Large river deltas

• 729; Mekong Delta;

Montane freshwaters

• 743; Borneo Highlands;
• 710; Ganges Himalayan Foothills;
• 723; Inle Lake;
• 753; Lake Lanao;

Oceanic Islands

• 768; Andaman Islands;
• 769; Nicobar Islands;

Tropical and subtropical coastal rivers

• 736; Aceh;
• 740; Central & Eastern Java;
• 767; Coastal Fujian - Zhejiang;
• 745; Eastern Borneo;
• 731; Eastern Gulf of Thailand Drainages;
• 758; Eastern Taiwan;
• 759; Hainan;
• 737; Indian Ocean Slope of Sumatra & Java;
• 741; Kapuas;
• 719; Lower Brahmaputra - Arakan Coast;
• 734; Malay Peninsula Eastern Slope;
• 752; Mindanao;
• 744; Northeastern Borneo;
• 760; Northern Annam;
• 735; Northern Central Sumatra - Western Malaysia;
• 755; Northern Philippine Islands;
• 742; Northwestern Borneo;
• 756; Palawan - Busuanga - Mindoro;
• 746; Southeastern Borneo;
• 716; Southeastern Ghats;
• 730; Southern Annam;
• 738; Southern Central Sumatra;
• 739; Southern Sumatra - Western Java;
• 717; Sri Lanka Dry Zone;
• 718; Sri Lanka Wet Zone;
• 715; Western Ghats;
• 757; Western Taiwan;

Tropical and subtropical floodplain rivers and wetland complexes

• 732; Chao Phraya;
• 709; Ganges Delta & Plain;
• 728; Kretie - Stung Treng (Mekong);
• 703; Lower & Middle Indus;
• 722; Lower & Middle Salween;
• 726; Lower Lan Cang (Mekong);
• 733; Mae Khlong;
• 708; Namuda - Tapi;
• 713; Northern Deccan Plateau;
• 720; Sitang - Irrawaddy;
• 761; Song Hong;
• 714; Southern Deccan Plateau;
• 763; Xi Yiang;

Tropical and subtropical upland rivers

• 727; Khorat Plateau (Mekong);
• 712; Middle Brahmaputra;

Nearctic

Large lakes

• 109; English - Winnipeg Lakes;
• 116; Laurentian Great Lakes;

Oceanic Islands

• 176; Bermuda;

Polar freshwaters

• 101; Alaskan Coastal;
• 112; Canadian Arctic Archipelago;
• 106; Central Arctic Coastal;
• 105; Lower Mackenzie;
• 102; Upper Yukon;
• 111; Western Hudson Bay;

Temperate coastal rivers

• 103; Alaska & Canada Pacific Coastal;
• 157; Appalachian Piedmont;
• 115; Canadian Atlantic Islands;
• 158; Chesapeake Bay;
• 140; East Texas Gulf;
• 113; Eastern Hudson Bay - Ungava;
• 114; Gulf of St.Lawrence Coastal Drainages;
• 118; Northeast US & Southeast Canada Atlantic Drainages;
• 123; Oregon & Northern California Coastal;
• 141; Sabine - Galveston;
• 125; Sacramento - San Joaquin;
• 119; Scotia - Fundy;
• 110; Southern Hudson Bay;
• 117; St.Lawrence;
• 154; West Florida Gulf;

Temperate floodplain rivers and wetlands

• 155; Apalachicola;
• 121; Columbia Unglaciated;
• 149; Lower Mississippi;
• 135; Lower Rio Grande - Bravo;
• 143; Middle Missouri;
• 153; Mobile Bay;
• 104; Upper Mackenzie;
• 148; Upper Mississippi;

Temperate upland rivers

• 146; Central Prairie;
• 120; Columbia Glaciated;
• 151; Cumberland;
• 108; Middle Saskatchewan;
• 145; Ouachita Highlands;
• 147; Ozark Highlands;
• 150; Teays - Old Ohio;
• 152; Tennessee;
• 142; Upper Missouri;
• 132; Upper Rio Grande - Bravo;
• 107; Upper Saskatchewan;
• 122; Upper Snake;
• 144; US Southern Plains;

Tropical and subtropical coastal rivers

• 156; Florida Peninsula;
• 162; Sinaloa;
• 139; West Texas Gulf;

Xeric freshwaters and endorheic (closed) basins

• 127; Bonneville;
• 130; Colorado River;
• 136; Cuatro Cienegas;
• 128; Death Valley;
• 131; Gila;
• 161; Guzman - Samalayuca;
• 126; Lahontan;
• 165; Lerma - Chapala;
• 166; Llanos El Salado;
• 163; Mayran - Viesca;
• 124; Oregon Lakes;
• 133; Pecos;
• 134; Rio Conchos;
• 137; Salt River (Arizona);
• 138; Rio San Juan (Mexico);
• 160; Sonora;
• 159; Southern California Coastal - Baja California;
• 129; Vegas - Virgin;

Neotropic

Large lakes

• 303; Maracaibo;

Large river deltas

• 323; Amazonas Estuary & Coastal Drainages;
• 309; Orinoco Delta & Coastal Drainages;

Montane freshwaters

• 312; Amazonas High Andes;
• 340; Cuyan - Desaguadero;
• 305; Orinoco High Andes;
• 306; Orinoco Piedmont;
• 317; Ucayali - Urubamba Piedmont;
• 313; Western Amazon Piedmont;

Oceanic Islands

• 350; Galápagos Islands;
• 351; Juan Fernández Islands;

Temperate coastal rivers

• 347; Bonaerensean Drainages;
• 334; Laguna dos Patos;
• 348; Patagonia;
• 341; South Andean Pacific Slopes;
• 349; Valdivian Lakes;

Temperate floodplain rivers and wetlands

• 345; Lower Paraná;

Tropical and subtropical coastal rivers

• 168; Ameca - Manantlan;
• 212; Bahama Archipelago;
• 209; Chagres;
• 201; Chiapas - Fonseca;
• 206; Chiriquí River;
• 172; Coatzacoalcos;
• 211; Cuba - Cayman Islands;
• 204; Estero Real - Tempisque;
• 352; Fluminense;
• 173; Grijalva - Usumacinta;
• 214; Hispaniola;
• 207; Isthmus Caribbean;
• 213; Jamaica;
• 203; Mosquitia;
• 301; North Andean Pacific Slopes - Rio Atrato;
• 326; Northeastern Caatinga & Coastal Drainages;
• 328; Northeastern Mata Atlantica;
• 167; Panuco;
• 171; Papaloapan;
• 329; Paraiba do Sul;
• 215; Puerto Rico - Virgin Islands;
• 202; Quintana Roo - Motagua;
• 330; Ribeira de Iguape;
• 169; Rio Balsas;
• 164; Rio Santiago;
• 210; Rio Tuira;
• 205; San Juan (Nicaragua/Costa Rica);
• 208; Santa Maria;
• 170; Sierra Madre del Sur;
• 304; South America Caribbean Drainages - Trinidad;
• 331; Southeastern Mata Atlantica;
• 335; Tramandaí - Mampituba;
• 216; Windward & Leeward Islands;
• 175; Yucatán;

Tropical and subtropical floodplain rivers and wetland complexes

• 316; Amazonas Lowlands;
• 342; Chaco;
• 307; Orinoco Llanos;
• 343; Paraguay;
• 314; Rio Negro;

Tropical and subtropical upland rivers

• 315; Amazonas Guiana Shield;
• 310; Essequibo;
• 319; Guapore - Itenez;
• 311; Guianas;
• 346; Iguassu;
• 332; Lower Uruguay;
• 321; Madeira Brazilian Shield;
• 302; Magdalena - Sinu;
• 318; Mamore - Madre de Dios Piedmont;
• 308; Orinoco Guiana Shield;
• 325; Parnaiba;
• 327; S. Francisco;
• 320; Tapajos - Juruena;
• 324; Tocantins - Araguaia;
• 344; Upper Paraná;
• 333; Upper Uruguay;
• 174; Upper Usumacinta;
• 322; Xingu;

Xeric freshwaters and endorheic (closed) basins

• 338; Atacama;
• 336; Central Andean Pacific Slopes;
• 339; Mar Chiquita - Salinas Grandes;
• 337; Titicaca;

Oceania

Oceanic Islands

• 217; Cocos Island (Costa Rica);
• 829; East Caroline Islands;
• 821; Fiji;
• 828; Hawaiian Islands;
• 826; Marquesas Islands;
• 827; Rapa;
• 823; Samoas;
• 824; Society Islands;
• 825; Tubuai Islands;
• 819; Vanuatu;
• 822; Wallis - Futuna;
• 830; West Caroline Islands;

Palearctic

Large lakes

• 629; Aral Sea Drainages;
• 643; Biwa Ko;
• 452; Caspian Marine;
• 606; Lake Baikal;
• 627; Lake Issyk Kul - Upper Chu;
• 409; Lake Onega - Lake Ladoga;
• 453; Volga Delta - Northern Caspian Drainages;

Large river deltas

• 524; Nile Delta;

Montane freshwaters

• 604; Chuya;
• 725; Er Hai;
• 705; Indus Himalayan Foothills;
• 633; Upper Huang He;
• 634; Upper Huang He Corridor;
• 706; Upper Indus;
• 704; Yaghistan;
• 762; Yunnan Lakes;

Polar freshwater

• 602; Ob;
• 610; Anadyr;
• 407; Barents Sea Drainages;
• 611; East Chukotka;
• 401; Iceland - Jan Mayen;
• 609; Kolyma;
• 608; Lena;
• 406; Northern Baltic Drainages;
• 405; Norwegian Sea Drainages;
• 607; Taimyr;
• 605; Yenisei;

Temperate coastal rivers

• 424; Aegean Drainages;
• 420; Albania;
• 501; Atlantic Northwest Africa;
• 403; Cantabric Coast - Languedoc;
• 615; Coastal Amur;
• 426; Crimea Peninsula;
• 419; Dalmatia;
• 638; Eastern Yellow Sea Drainages;
• 415; Gulf of Venice Drainages;
• 640; Hamgyong - Sanmaek;
• 642; Honshū - Shikoku - Kyūshū;
• 421; Ionian Drainages;
• 416; Italian Peninsula & Islands;
• 613; Kamchatka & Northern Kurils;
• 612; Koryakia;
• 428; Kuban;
• 502; Mediterranean Northwest Africa;
• 430; Northern Anatolia;
• 402; Northern British Isles;
• 451; Northern Hormuz Drainages;
• 614; Okhotsk Coast;
• 437; Orontes;
• 641; Sakhalin, Hokkaido, & Sikhote - Alin Coast;
• 639; Southeastern Korean Peninsula;
• 432; Southern Anatolia;
• 408; Southern Baltic Lowlands;
• 423; Thrace;
• 422; Vardar;
• 429; Western Anatolia;
• 412; Western Iberia;
• 433; Western Transcaucasia;

Temperate floodplain rivers and wetlands

• 404; Central & Western Europe;
• 425; Dnieper - Southern Bug;
• 418; Dniester - Lower Danube;
• 427; Don;
• 414; Eastern Iberia;
• 635; Huang He Great Bend;
• 434; Kura - South Caspian Drainages;
• 637; Liao He;
• 616; Lower Amur;
• 636; Lower Huang He;
• 441; Lower Tigris & Euphrates;
• 766; Lower Yangtze;
• 620; Songhua Jiang;
• 413; Southern Iberia;
• 442; Upper Tigris & Euphrates;
• 410; Volga - Ural;

Temperate upland rivers

• 618; Argun;
• 626; Lower & Middle Syr Darya;
• 630; Middle Amu Darya;
• 617; Middle Amur;
• 765; Middle Yangtze;
• 628; Northern Central Asian Highlands;
• 632; Qaidan;
• 619; Shilka (Amur);
• 417; Upper Danube;
• 603; Upper Irtysh;
• 764; Upper Yangtze;

Tropical and subtropical upland rivers

• 711; Upper Brahmaputra;
• 724; Upper Lan Cang (Mekong);
• 721; Upper Salween;

Xeric freshwaters and endorheic (closed) basins

• 440; Arabian Interior;
• 624; Balkash - Alakul;
• 701; Baluchistan;
• 446; Caspian Highlands;
• 431; Central Anatolia;
• 436; Coastal Levant;
• 504; Dry Sahel;
• 623; Dzungaria;
• 449; Esfahan;
• 702; Helmand - Sistan;
• 621; Inner Mongolia Endorheic Basins;
• 601; Irgyz - Turgai;
• 438; Jordan River;
• 448; Kavir & Lut Deserts;
• 444; Lake Van;
• 523; Lower Nile;
• 447; Namak;
• 445; Orumiyeh;
• 503; Sahara;
• 435; Sinai;
• 625; Tarim;
• 707; Tibetan Plateau Endorheic Drainages;
• 450; Turan Plain;
• 631; Upper Amu Darya;
• 411; Western Caspian Drainages;
• 622; Western Mongolia;
• 527; Western Red Sea Drainages;

See also

• List of ecoregions (WWF), 867 terrestrial ecoregions, freshwater ecoregions and 232 ecoregions of the coastal & continental shelf areas
• Lists of ecoregions by country

External links

• Freshwater Ecoregions of the World

References

• Olson, D., Dinerstein, E., Canevari, P., Davidson, I., Castro, G., Morisset, V., Abell, R., and Toledo, E.; eds. (1998). Freshwater Biodiversity of Latin America and the Caribbean: A Conservation Assessment. Biodiversity Support Program, Washington, D.C..
• Thieme, Michelle L. (2005). Freshwater Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment. Island Press, Washington, D.C..
• "Freshwater Ecoregions of the World: Major Habitat Types" [1]. Accessed May 12, 2008.