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List of countries by GDP (PPP)

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This article includes a list of countries in the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP), the value of all final goods and services produced within a state in a given year. The GDP dollar (INT$) estimates given on this page are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations.

Comparisons using PPP are arguably more useful when assessing a nation's domestic market because PPP takes into account the relative cost of local goods, services and inflation rates of the country, rather than using international market exchange rates which may distort the real differences in per capita income.[1] It is however limited when measuring financial flows between countries.[2] PPP is often used to gauge global poverty thresholds and is used by the United Nations in constructing the human development index.[1] These surveys such as the International Comparison Program include both tradable and non-tradable goods in an attempt to estimate a representative basket of all goods.[1]

The first table includes data for the year 2014 for all current 187 International Monetary Fund (IMF) members, as well as Hong Kong and Taiwan (the official list uses "Taiwan, Province of China"). Data are in millions of international dollars and were calculated by the IMF. Figures were published in April 2015. The second table includes data mostly for the year 2014 for 180 of the 193 current United Nations member states, as well as the two Chinese Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). Data are in billions of international dollars and were compiled by the World Bank. The third table is a tabulation of the CIA World Factbook Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Purchasing Power Parity) data update of 2013. The data for GDP at purchasing power parity have also been rebased using the new International Comparison Program price surveys and extrapolated to 2007. Final figures are estimates in millions of international dollars.

Lists

Click on one of the small triangles in the headings to re-order the list according to that category.

Data from the International Monetary Fund (2016)[3] Data from the World Bank (2005–2014)[4] Data from the CIA World Factbook (1993–2015)[5]
Rank Country GDP (Millions of Int$)
 World 113,523,500
1  China 20,853,331
9999999  European Union[n 1] 19,205,364
2  United States 18,558,129
3  India 8,642,758
4  Japan 4,901,102
5  Germany 3,934,664
6  Russia 3,684,643
7  Brazil 3,101,247
8  Indonesia 3,010,746
9  United Kingdom 2,756,748
10  France 2,703,378
11  Mexico 2,227,176
12  Italy 2,170,909
13  South Korea 1,848,518
14  Saudi Arabia 1,720,027
15  Turkey 1,665,332
16  Canada 1,631,943
17  Spain 1,615,074
18  Iran 1,439,295
19  Australia 1,138,085
20  Thailand 1,108,111
21  Taiwan 1,099,030
22  Egypt 1,092,634
23  Nigeria 1,091,700
24  Poland 1,005,449
25  Pakistan 982,380
26  Argentina 971,967
27  Netherlands 832,623
28  Malaysia 815,646
29  Philippines 741,031
30  South Africa 723,518
31  Colombia 667,443
32  United Arab Emirates 647,823
33  Algeria 578,651
34  Bangladesh 576,547
35  Vietnam 552,298
36  Iraq 544,096
37  Venezuela 515,745
38  Belgium 494,121
39   Switzerland 482,347
40  Sweden 473,413
41  Singapore 471,877
42  Kazakhstan 429,120
43  Chile 422,422
 Hong Kong 414,566
44  Romania 413,846
45  Austria 404,293
46  Peru 389,149
47  Norway 356,209
48  Ukraine 339,481
49  Czech Republic 332,477
50  Qatar 319,818
51  Portugal 289,791
52  Kuwait 288,382
53  Greece 285,976
54  Myanmar 283,532
55  Israel 281,939
56  Morocco 273,533
57  Denmark 258,702
58  Hungary 258,444
59  Ireland 257,417
60  Finland 224,999
61  Sri Lanka 223,024
62  Uzbekistan 187,947
63  Angola 184,438
64  Ecuador 183,358
65  Oman 171,363
66  Azerbaijan 169,445
67  New Zealand 168,187
68  Belarus 167,692
69  Sudan 166,957
70  Ethiopia 161,634
71  Slovak Republic 160,998
72  Dominican Republic 149,692
73  Kenya 141,861
74  Tanzania 138,461
75  Bulgaria 136,855
76  Tunisia 126,968
77  Guatemala 125,862
78  Syria[n 2] 121,397
79  Ghana 114,701
80  Serbia 97,502
81  Libya 92,608
82  Croatia 91,096
83  Turkmenistan 88,600
84  Panama 87,196
85  Lebanon 83,057
86  Jordan 82,725
87  Lithuania 82,355
88  Uganda 79,884
89  Côte d'Ivoire 78,621
90  Yemen 75,535
91  Costa Rica 74,888
92  Bolivia 74,391
93  Uruguay 73,463
94  Cameroon 72,644
95    Nepal 70,091
96  Bahrain 64,799
97  Slovenia 63,964
98  Democratic Republic of the Congo 62,873
99  Zambia 62,709
100  Afghanistan 62,318
101  Paraguay 60,977
102  Luxembourg 55,730
103  Cambodia 54,205
104  El Salvador 52,947
105  Latvia 49,081
106  Trinidad and Tobago 44,306
107  Honduras 41,057
108  Bosnia and Herzegovina 40,532
109  Estonia 37,549
110  Laos 37,322
111  Senegal 36,687
112  Mongolia 36,068
113  Mali 35,832
114  Georgia 35,604
115  Madagascar 35,437
116  Botswana 34,844
117  Gabon 34,575
118  Brunei Darussalam 33,219
119  Mozambique 33,187
120  Albania 32,650
121  Nicaragua 31,333
122  Burkina Faso 30,878
123  Chad 30,468
124  Republic of Congo 29,362
125  Macedonia 29,037
126  Zimbabwe 28,102
127  Cyprus 28,058
128  Equatorial Guinea 25,386
129  Namibia 25,341
130  Armenia 25,323
131  Jamaica 24,647
132  Mauritius 24,566
133  South Sudan 23,691
134  Tajikistan 23,306
135  Benin 22,948
136  Malawi 20,359
137  Kyrgyz Republic 20,095
138  Niger 19,053
139  Rwanda 18,901
140  Haiti 18,745
141  Papua New Guinea 18,595
142  Moldova 17,793
143  Kosovo 17,391
144  Mauritania 16,289
145  Malta 15,382
146  Iceland 15,154
147  Guinea 14,982
148  Togo 10,849
149  Swaziland 10,845
150  Montenegro 10,035
151  Sierra Leone 9,966
152  Bahamas 9,166
153  Suriname 9,090
154  Eritrea 8,713
155  Fiji 8,048
156  Burundi 7,711
157  Timor-Leste 6,570
158  Bhutan 6,385
159  Lesotho 5,770
160  Guyana 5,759
161  Maldives 5,191
162  Barbados 4,636
163  Liberia 3,749
164  Cabo Verde 3,423
165  The Gambia 3,261
166  Djibouti 3,094
167  Belize 3,049
168  Central African Republic 3,018
169  Guinea-Bissau 2,680
170  Seychelles 2,417
171  Antigua and Barbuda 2,097
172  St. Lucia 2,030
173  San Marino 1,982
174  Grenada 1,401
175  St. Kitts and Nevis 1,379
176  Comoros 1,214
177  St. Vincent and the Grenadines 1,205
178  Solomon Islands 1,146
179  Samoa 1,000
180  Dominica 763
181  Vanuatu 685
182  São Tomé and Príncipe 658
183  Tonga 526
184  Micronesia 306
185  Palau 272
186  Kiribati 203
187  Marshall Islands 175
188  Tuvalu 37
Rank Country GDP (Billions of Int$) Year
 World 108,464 2014
9999999  European Union[n 1] 18,423 2014
1  China 18,031 2014
2  United States 17,419 2014
3  India 7,384 2014
4  Japan 4,631 2014
5  Russia 3,745 2014
6  Germany 3,690 2014
7  Brazil 3,264 2014
8  Indonesia 2,676 2014
9  France 2,572 2014
10  United Kingdom 2,525 2014
11  Italy 2,132 2014
12  Mexico 2,125 2014
13  South Korea 1,732 2014
14  Saudi Arabia 1,606 2014
15  Canada 1,567 2014
16  Spain 1,567 2014
17  Turkey 1,502 2014
18  Iran 1,352 2014
19  Taiwan 1,075 2014
20  Nigeria 1,049 2014
21  Australia 1,031 2014
22  Thailand 986 2014
23  Argentina 948 2014
24  Poland 945 2014
25  Egypt 943 2014
26  Pakistan 929 2014
27  Netherlands 794 2014
28  Malaysia 746 2014
29  South Africa 705 2014
30  Philippines 692 2014
31  Colombia 638 2014
32  UAE 600 2014
33  Algeria 552 2014
34  Venezuela 539 2014
35  Vietnam 511 2014
36  Iraq 504 2014
37  Bangladesh 497 2014
38  Belgium 480 2014
39   Switzerland 461 2014
40  Singapore 453 2014
41  Sweden 437 2014
42  Kazakhstan 418 2014
—  Hong Kong 399 2014
43  Chile 397 2014
44  Austria 394 2014
45  Romania 386 2014
46  Peru 371 2014
47  Ukraine 371 2014
48  Norway 333 2014
49  Czech Republic 320 2014
50  Qatar 318 2014
51  Portugal 295 2014
52  Greece 286 2014
51  Kuwait 276 2013
54  Israel 272 2014
55  Denmark 253 2014
56  Morocco 251 2014
57  Hungary 242 2014
58  Cuba 234 2013
59  Ireland 199 2013
60  Finland 208 2013
61  Sri Lanka 199 2013
62  Belarus 167 2013
63  Ecuador 165 2013
64  Angola 162 2013
65  Azerbaijan 161 2013
66  Oman 160 2013
67  Uzbekistan 156 2013
68  New Zealand 153 2013
69  Slovakia 137 2013
70  Libya 133 2013
71  Sudan 128 2013
72  Ethiopia 127 2013
—  Puerto Rico 127 2012
73  Syria 122 2012
74  Dominican Republic 122 2013
75  Tunisia 121 2013
76  Bulgaria 116 2013
77  Guatemala 113 2013
78  Ghana 103 2013
79  Kenya 100 2013
80  Yemen 97 2013
81  Croatia 89 2013
82  Serbia 89 2013
83  Tanzania (mainland) 85 2013
—  Macao 81 2013
84  Lebanon 77 2013
85  Jordan 76 2013
86  Lithuania 73 2012
87  Turkmenistan 66 2012
88  Panama 64 2012
89  Costa Rica 64 2012
90  Uruguay 62 2012
91  Slovenia 57 2012
92  Bolivia 55.4 2012
93  Cameroon 51 2012
94  Uganda 49.1 2012
95  Luxembourg 48.6 2012
96  El Salvador 45 2012
97  Latvia 44 2012
98  Paraguay 41.0 2012
99    Nepal 40.8 2012
99  Afghanistan 40.7 2011
99 Cote d'Ivoire Côte d'Ivoire 40.5 2012
100  Cambodia 37 2012
101  Trinidad and Tobago 35.6 2012
102  Bosnia and Herzegovina 35.4 2012
103  Botswana 34 2012
104  Honduras 33 2012
105  Estonia 31 2012
106  Bahrain 29.89 2010
107  Albania 29.86 2012
108  Congo, Democratic Republic of the 28 2012
109  Cyprus 26.72 2012
110  Senegal 26.68 2012
111  Georgia 26.63 2012
112  Gabon 26.26 2012
113  Mozambique 25.81 2012
114  Burkina Faso 24.90 2012
115  Macedonia 24.66 2012
116  Nicaragua 24.39 2012
117  Zambia 24.10 2012
118  Equatorial Guinea 22.3 2012
119  Brunei Darussalam 22.0 2012
120  Madagascar 21.8 2012
121  Jamaica 21 2010
[citation needed]
122  Papua New Guinea 20.8 2012
123  Mauritius 20.2 2012
124  Armenia 19.7 2012
125  Laos 19.4 2012
126  Congo, Republic of the 19.2 2012
127  Chad 18.6 2012
128  Mali 18.04 2012
129  Tajikistan 17.99 2012
130  Namibia 16.9 2012
131  Benin 15.9 2012
132  Rwanda 15.5 2012
133  Mongolia 15.3 2012
134  Malawi 14.3 2012
135  Kyrgyzstan 13.5 2012
136  Haiti 12.5 2012
137  Guinea 12.24 2012
138  Moldova 12.19 2012
139  Malta 12.14 2012
140  Iceland 12.0 2012
141  Bahamas, The 11.8 2012
142  Niger 11.4 2012
143  Mauritania 9.9 2012
—  West Bank and Gaza 8.8 2005
[citation needed]
144  Montenegro 8.82 2012
145  Sierra Leone 8.1 2012
146  Togo 7 2012
147  Swaziland 6.5 2012
148  Burundi 5.5 2012
149  Bhutan 5.0 2012
150  Suriname 4.7 2012
151  Fiji 4.3 2012
152  Lesotho 4.0 2012
153  Central African Republic 3.9 2012
154  Gambia 3.49 2012
155  Eritrea 3.47 2012
156  Maldives 3.07 2012
157  Liberia 2.74 2012
158  Guyana 2.70 2012
159  Djibouti 2.39 2012
160  Belize 2.38 2011
161  Seychelles 2.37 2012
162  Cape Verde 2.19 2012
163  Timor-Leste 2.07 2012
164  Saint Lucia 2.02 2012
165  Guinea-Bissau 1.98 2012
166  Antigua and Barbuda 1.78 2012
167  Solomon Islands 1.72 2012
168  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1.20 2012
169  Grenada 1.142 2012
170  Vanuatu 1.139 2012
171  Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.97 2012
172  Dominica 0.91 2012
173  Comoros 0.88 2012
174  Samoa 0.85 2012
175  Tonga 0.52 2012
176  Federated States of Micronesia 0.395 2012
176  Palau 0.395 2012
178  Sao Tome and Principe 0.35 2012
179  Kiribati 0.25 2012
Rank Country GDP (Billions of Int$) Year
 World 107,500 2014 est.
1  China 19,510 2015 est.
9999999  European Union[n 1] 19,180 2015 est.
2  United States 17,970 2015 est.
3  India 7,965 2015 est.
4  Japan 4,658 2015 est.
5  Germany 3,842 2015 est.
6  Russia 3,471 2015 est.
7  Brazil 3,166 2015 est.
8  Indonesia 2,839 2015 est.
9  United Kingdom 2,660 2015 est.
10  France 2,647 2015 est.
11  Mexico 2,220 2015 est.
12  Italy 2,174 2015 est.
13  South Korea 1,849 2015 est.
14  Saudi Arabia 1,683 2015 est.
15  Spain 1,636 2015 est.
16  Canada 1,628 2015 est.
17  Turkey 1,589 2015 est.
18  Australia 1,489 2015 est.
19  Iran 1,382 2015 est.
20  Thailand 1,107 2015 est.
21  Nigeria 1,105 2015 est.
22  Taiwan 1,097 2015 est.
23  Poland 1,003 2015 est.
24  Egypt 1,048 2015 est.
25  Argentina 964.3 2015 est.
26  Pakistan 931.0 2015 est.
27  Netherlands 831.4 2015 est.
28  Malaysia 813.5 2015 est.
29  Philippines 740.8 2015 est.
30  South Africa 724.0 2015 est.
31  Colombia 665.0 2015 est.
32  United Arab Emirates 641.9 2015 est.
33  Bangladesh 577.0 2015 est.
34  Algeria 570.6 2015 est.
35  Vietnam 551.3 2015 est.
36  Iraq 531.4 2015 est.
37  Belgium 494.6 2015 est.
38  Venezuela 491.6 2015 est.
39   Switzerland 482.7 2015 est.
40  Singapore 468.9 2015 est.
41  Sweden 467.4 2015 est.
42  Kazakhstan 430.5 2015 est.
43  Chile 424.3 2015 est.
44  Hong Kong 414.5 2015 est.
45  Romania 411.1 2015 est.
46  Austria 403.8 2015 est.
47  Peru 385.4 2015 est.
48  Norway 352.8 2015 est.
49  Ukraine 334.2 2015 est.
50  Czech Republic 331.4 2015 est.
51  Qatar 324.2 2015 est.
52  Kuwait 288.8 2015 est.
53  Portugal 288.6 2015 est.
54  Israel 281.8 2015 est.
55  Greece 281.6 2015 est.
56  Morocco 274.5 2015 est.
57  Myanmar 267.7 2015 est.
58  Denmark 257.1 2015 est.
59  Hungary 257.0 2015 est.
60  Ireland 250.3 2015 est.
61  Sri Lanka 232.5 2015 est.
62  Finland 224.7 2015 est.
63  Uzbekistan 185.8 2015 est.
64  Angola 185.2 2015 est.
65  Ecuador 181.8 2015 est.
66  Azerbaijan 174.3 2015 est.
67  Oman 171.7 2015 est.
68  Belarus 168.2 2015 est.
69  Sudan 167.4 2015 est.
70  New Zealand 166.0 2015 est.
71  Slovakia 159.6 2015 est.
72  Ethiopia 159.2 2015 est.
73  Dominican Republic 147.6 2015 est.
74  Kenya 143.1 2015 est.
75  Tanzania 138.3 2015 est.
76  Bulgaria 132.6 2015 est.
77  Cuba 128.5 2014 est.
78  Tunisia 127.2 2015 est.
79  Guatemala 125.6 2015 est.
80  Ghana 113.3 2015 est.
81  Serbia 97.27 2015 est.
82  Libya 92.87 2015 est.
83  Croatia 90.33 2015 est.
84  Turkmenistan 90.29 2015 est.
85  Lebanon 83.86 2015 est.
86  Jordan 82.99 2015 est.
87  Panama 82.18 2015 est.
88  Lithuania 82.14 2015 est.
89  Uganda 79.75 2015 est.
90  Cote d'Ivoire 78.33 2015 est.
91  Yemen 75.52 2015 est.
92  Costa Rica 74.09 2015 est.
93  Bolivia 73.88 2015 est.
94  Uruguay 72.36 2015 est.
95  Cameroon 72.11 2015 est.
96    Nepal 70.08 2015 est.
97  Bahrain 64.9 2015 est.
98  Zambia 64.65 2015 est.
99  Slovenia 63.60 2015 est.
100  Congo, Democratic Republic of the 63.27 2015 est.
101  Afghanistan 62.79 2015 est.
102  Puerto Rico 61.46 2013 est.
103  Paraguay 60.15 2015 est.
104  Luxembourg 56.58 2015 est.
105  Syria 55.80 2011 est.
106  Cambodia 54.17 2015 est.
107  El Salvador 52.88 2015 est.
108  Macau 51.68 2013 est.
109  Latvia 49.89 2015 est.
110  Trinidad and Tobago 44.32 2015 est.
111  Honduras 41.00 2015 est.
112  North Korea 40.00 2013 est.
113  Bosnia and Herzegovina 39.46 2015 est.
114  Estonia 37.88 2015 est.
115  Laos 37.50 2015 est.
116  Botswana 37.16 2015 est.
117  Mongolia 36.43 2015 est.
118  Senegal 36.3 2015 est.
119  Madagascar 35.56 2015 est.
120  Georgia 35.37 2015 est.
121  Gabon 34.41 2015 est.
122  Mozambique 33.73 2015 est.
123  Brunei 32.90 2015 est.
124  Albania 32.44 2015 est.
125  Chad 32.00 2015 est.
126  Nicaragua 31.18 2015 est.
126  Burkina Faso 31.18 2015 est.
128  Mali 29.15 2015 est.
129  Congo, Republic of the 28.92 2015 est.
130  Macedonia 28.89 2015 est.
131  Zimbabwe 27.92 2015 est.
132  Cyprus 27.91 2015 est.
133  Equatorial Guinea 25.94 2015 est.
134  Armenia 25.22 2015 est.
135  Namibia 24.84 2015 est.
136  Jamaica 24.60 2015 est.
137  Mauritius 24.51 2015 est.
138  Tajikistan 23.30 2015 est.
139  South Sudan 22.46 2015 est.
140  West Bank 21.17 2014 est.
141  Benin 21.16 2015 est.
142  Malawi 20.56 2015 est.
143  Rwanda 20.32 2015 est.
144  Kyrgyzstan 19.81 2015 est.
145  Papua New Guinea 19.22 2015 est.
146  Haiti 19.02 2015 est.
147  Niger 18.96 2015 est.
148  Moldova 17.76 2015 est.
149  Kosovo 17.63 2015 est.
150  Mauritania 16.43 2015 est.
151  Guinea 15.28 2015 est.
152  Iceland 15.01 2015 est.
153  Malta 14.75 2015 est.
154  New Caledonia 11.10 2014 est.
155  Swaziland 10.87 2015 est.
156  Togo 10.82 2015 est.
157  Sierra Leone 9.833 2015 est.
158  Montenegro 9.829 2015 est.
159  Bahamas, The 9.231 2015 est.
160  Suriname 9.211 2015 est.
161  Eritrea 7.938 2015 est.
162  Burundi 7.883 2015 est.
163  Fiji 7.798 2015 est.
164  French Polynesia 7.150 2012 est.
165  Timor-Leste 7.101 2015 est.
166  Monaco 6.790 2013 est.
167  Bhutan 6.383 2015 est.
168  Isle of Man 6.298 2012 est.
169  Lesotho 5.777 2015 est.
170  Jersey 5.771 2012 est.
171  Guyana 5.770 2015 est.
172  Bermuda 5.198 2013 est.
173  Guam 4.882 2013 est.
174  Maldives 4.732 2015 est.
175  Barbados 4.658 2015 est.
176  Somalia 4.431 2010 est.
177  U.S. Virgin Islands 3.792 2013 est.
178  Liberia 3.780 2015 est.
179  Cape Verde 3.479 2015 est.
180  Guernsey 3.451 2013 est.
181  Gambia, The 3.269 2015 est.
182  Liechtenstein 3.200 2009 est.
183  Andorra 3.163 2012 est.
184  Curaçao 3.128 2012 est.
185  Djibouti 3.093 2015 est.
186  Belize 3.071 2015 est.
187  Central African Republic 3.052 2015 est.
188  Guinea-Bissau 2.677 2015 est.
189  Seychelles 2.533 2015 est.
190  Aruba 2.516 2009 est.
191  Cayman Islands 2.507 2014 est.
192  Greenland 2.173 2011 est.
193  Antigua and Barbuda 2.096 2015 est.
194  Saint Lucia 2.032 2015 est.
195  San Marino 1.952 2015 est.
196  Gibraltar 1.850 2013 est.
197  Faroe Islands 1.471 2010 est.
198  Grenada 1.385 2015 est.
199  Saint Kitts and Nevis 1.358 2015 est.
200  Comoros 1.214 2015 est.
201  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1.211 2015 est.
202  Solomon Islands 1.141 2015 est.
203  Samoa 1.033 2015 est.
204  Western Sahara 0.9065 2007 est.
205  Dominica 0.8201 2015 est.
206  American Samoa 0.7110 2013 est.
207  Northern Mariana Islands 0.682 2013 est.
208  Vanuatu 0.6758 2015 est.
209  Sao Tome and Principe 0.6637 2015 est.
210  Turks and Caicos Islands 0.6320 2007 est.
211  Saint Martin 0.5615 2005 est.
212  Tonga 0.5230 2014 est.
213  British Virgin Islands 0.5000 2010 est.
214  Sint Maarten 0.3658 2014 est.
215  Micronesia, Federated States of 0.3103 2015 est.
216  Palau 0.2626 2015 est.
217  Cook Islands 0.2441
218  Saint Pierre and Miquelon 0.2153 2006 est.
219  Marshall Islands 0.1869 2015 est.
220  Anguilla 0.1754 2009 est.
221  Kiribati 0.1698 2015 est.
222  Falkland Islands 0.1645 2007 est.
223  Nauru 0.1508 2015 est.
224  Wallis and Futuna 0.0600 2004 est.
225  Montserrat 0.0438 2006 est.
226  Tuvalu 0.0366 2015 est.
227  Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 0.0311 2009 est.
228  Niue 0.0101 2003 est.
229  Tokelau 0.0015 1993 est.

See also

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Notes

  1. ^ a b c The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of 28 member states that are located primarily in Europe. The EU is included because it has many attributes of independent nations, being much more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur.[6] As the EU is not a country, China is the first ranked country on the list.
  2. ^ Data for Syria's 2014 GDP is from the September 2011 WEO Database, the latest available from the IMF.

References

  1. ^ a b c "Part 4. Applications and Limitations of ICP Data" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-05-20. 
  2. ^ PPP Versus the Market: Which Weight Matters?, imf.org, March 2007, Volume 44, Number 1
  3. ^ "Report for Selected Country Groups and Subjects (PPP valuation of country GDP)". IMF. Retrieved June 13, 2016. 
  4. ^ Data (July 2, 2015). ""Gross domestic product 2014, PPP", World Bank, accessed on 2 July 2015" (PDF). Data.worldbank.org. Retrieved July 2, 2015. ; European Union calculated by sum of individual countries.
  5. ^ Field listing - GDP (PPP exchange rate), CIA World Factbook
  6. ^ CIA (2014). "The World Factbook". Retrieved 15 March 2015. Although the EU is not a federation in the strict sense, it is far more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur, and it has certain attributes associated with independent nations: its own flag, currency (for some members), and law-making abilities, as well as diplomatic representation and a common foreign and security policy in its dealings with external partners. Thus, inclusion of basic intelligence on the EU has been deemed appropriate as a new, separate entity in The World Factbook. 
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