Eglinton Crosstown line

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Eglinton Crosstown Line
TTC - Line 5.svg
Crosstown line logo.png
Looking down on the opening of the TBM, 2013 04 09 -aa--al.jpg
Starting construction on the underground portion
Overview
Type Light rail
Status Under construction
Locale Toronto, Ontario
Termini Mount Dennis
Kennedy
Stations 25
Operation
Opened 2021[1]
Owner Metrolinx
Operator(s) Toronto Transit Commission[2]
Depot(s) Black Creek Carhouse
Rolling stock Flexity Freedom
Technical
Line length 19 km (12 mi)
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification 750 V DC overhead [3]
Operating speed 80 km/h
Route map

The Eglinton Crosstown line is a light rail line that is under construction in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It will be owned by Metrolinx and operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). The line was conceived in 2007 by then Toronto Mayor David Miller and then chair of the TTC Adam Giambrone as part of Transit City, a large-scale transit expansion plan consisting of other proposed light rail transit lines.

The Eglinton Crosstown Line will run for 19 km (12 mi) from Black Creek Drive to Kennedy Station.[3] There will be up to 25 stations, with an estimated 100 million trips annually in 2031.[4]

History[edit]

Concept[edit]

See also: Transit City

The Eglinton Crosstown Line was conceived as the Eglinton Crosstown LRT, a partially underground light rail line, announced in 2007 by Toronto Mayor David Miller and TTC chair Adam Giambrone. It was part of the Transit City plan, which included the implementation of six other light rail lines across Toronto. The original version of the line would have run from Pearson Airport along Silver Dart Road to Convair Drive. The line would have then turned southwest, to a bridge over Highway 401 to reach Commerce Boulevard on the other side, where it would run south to reach Eglinton Avenue and the east end of the Mississauga Transitway. The rest of the line would run east along Eglinton Avenue, including a portion along which the proposed Eglinton West subway line would have been built. The line would then cut across the city, connecting with the Yonge-University and Bloor-Danforth subways, and with the Scarborough RT.

There were 43 stops planned for the Eglinton Crosstown LRT, 13 of which would be underground.[5] Surface stops would be spaced on average 500 metres (550 yd) apart and the underground stations would be 850m apart on average, as constructing numerous underground stops would be costly. The average speed would be 28 kilometres per hour (17 mph),[6] compared with the existing bus routes along Eglinton that have an average speed of 16 to 18 km/h (9.9 to 11.2 mph).[7] The line would terminate at Kennedy Station to the east in Scarborough where it would meet Line 2 Bloor–Danforth, the proposed Scarborough Malvern LRT and the Stouffville GO train line. The expected cost was $4.6 billion.[8] As a result of provincial funding cuts, construction of the line was divided into two phases: Phase One would end at Jane Street, and Phase Two would terminate as had been planned at Pearson Airport.

Redesigns[edit]

Miller's successor, Rob Ford, announced the cancellation of Transit City on 1 December 2010, the day he took office.[9] He proposed an alternative titled the "Eglinton–Scarborough Crosstown line", which put the 19-kilometre line along Eglinton Avenue completely underground. The line would then follow new route of the Scarborough RT, thus forming a single line continuously from Black Creek Drive to McCowan. The cost would almost double to $8.2 billion and, compared to the original plan, 18 fewer stops were planned, including the elimination of the connection to Pearson Airport. Most of the additional cost would have come from putting 12 additional stations underground and for converting the Scarborough RT.

On 8 February 2012, in a special meeting, Toronto City Council, led by Karen Stintz, voted 25–18 to override Mayor Ford's modifications to the project.[10] The vote reinstated the original proposal to only construct the portion between Laird Drive and Keele Street underground while the remainder of the line is built along the surface.[10] On 30 November 2012, the environmental assessment was revised, such that the east tunnel portal location would be moved from east of Brentciffe to east of Don Mills,[11] however this was reversed in May 2013 after receiving community feedback.[12] In January 2013, Toronto City Councillors from Scarborough put forward an alternative plan to proceed with the construction of the Eglinton Avenue portion of the line as planned, but to exclude the Scarborough RT from the line. In July 2013, plans for an "Eglinton-Scarborough Crosstown" line were abandoned, thereby reverting the entire line back to the plan that had been conceived under Transit City.[13][14]

Construction[edit]

The Eglinton Crosstown line will run underground for 10 km (6.2 mi) from Mount Dennis to just east of Brentcliffe Road before rising to the surface to continue another 9 km (5.6 mi) to end at Kennedy Station.[15]

Timeline[edit]

2010[edit]

On July 28, 2010, Metrolinx ordered four tunnel boring machines (TBMs) at a cost of $54 million.[16] The TBMs were named Dennis, Lea, Humber, and Don. The names were chosen by Jason Paris, a moderator of the Urban Toronto blog and forums. Dennis is named after Mount Dennis, Lea is named after Leaside, Humber is named after the Humber River, and Don is named after the Don River. The names Dennis and Lea combined allude to the poet Dennis Lee.[17][18] By the time all four machines reach Yonge Street, enough dirt will have been removed to fill the Air Canada Centre to the height of the CN Tower.[19]

2011[edit]

In October 2011, the first part of tunnel construction began with the construction of a launch shaft for tunnel boring machines (TBMs) at Black Creek Drive.

On November 9, 2011, in Keelesdale Park, Mayor Rob Ford and then-Premier Dalton McGuinty officially broke ground on the new project.[20]

2012[edit]

In May, 2012, TTC staff released a report saying that completion of the Eglinton Crosstown was unlikely by 2020 and that a more realistic in-service date would be 2022-2023. The main reason given was that the project management had been transferred from the TTC to Infrastructure Ontario which uses the Alternative Finance and Procurement strategy. That strategy would use a private contractor to complete the project, effectively requiring that contractor to redo all design work already completed by the TTC.[21] The TTC also warned that Metrolinx’s aggressive timeline would lead to severe construction-related disruptions to communities and traffic because large stretches of the Eglinton Aveenue would have to be torn up concurrently to meet deadlines.[1]

2013[edit]

In January 2013, Infrastructure Ontario issued a request for qualifications to shortlist companies to construct the line. A request for proposal was expected in the summer of 2013.[22]

On February 22, 2013, TBMs Don and Lea arrived in Keelesdale Park.[23]

In June 2013, the TBMs Don and Lea began tunnelling on the line. Traffic on Eglinton Avenue near Keele Street was reduced to one lane in each direction.[24]

On November 12, 2013, MetroLinx awarded a contract to construct the eastern portion of the Crosstown to a joint venture between Aecon Group Inc. and ACS Dragados Canada Inc. to construct the eastern portion of the line between Yonge Street and Laird Drive.[25]

2014[edit]

In March 2014, work began to clear utilities and trees on the south side of Eglinton Avenue just east of Brentcliffe Road in order to set up the eastern launch shaft. For two and a half years, traffic around the excavation site will be reduced from two to one lane in each direction. West of the site, more lane restrictions will go into effect to construct head walls (below-ground walls that form the ends of each subway station) at the future Laird, Bayview and Mt. Pleasant stations. There will also be lane restrictions for two years near Hanna Road to build an emergency exit near Leaside High School.[19]

By April 2014, the TBMs had arrived at Caledonia LRT station.[26] In April 2014, The Globe and Mail reported that the two western tunnel boring machines were excavating "approximately 1,000 cubic yards of spoil", per day.[27]

For the year prior to May 2014, the two TBMs Dennis and Lea had been excavating and installing concrete tunnel liners at a rate of approximately 10 metres (33 ft) per day.[28] The tunnels are lined with precast concrete liner segments. Six 2.5 tonne-segments form each ring.

In early December 2014, Dennis and Lea arrived at Eglinton West station.[29] Dennis stopped to allow Lea to catch up, so that they would arrive at Eglinton West station at the same time.

2015[edit]

On the weekend of April 18–19, 2015, the boring machines, Dennis and Lea, were lifted out of a shaft west of Allen Road and moved about 100 metres to a shaft just east of Allen Road.[30]

In April 2015, merchants along Eglinton Avenue West were complaining of lost revenue (up to a 35% dip in sales), because construction was discouraging customers with snarled traffic, limited parking options, reduced foot traffic and dusty sidewalks.[31]

By September, 2015, the TBMs Don and Humber arrived for assembly in the shaft at Brentcliffe Road before starting to drill the 3.25-kilometre (2.02 mi) section west to Yonge Street.[1][19]

On September 24, 2015, Transportation Minister Steven Del Duca issued a statement saying the Crosstown would not operate until September, 2021, in order “to mitigate disruption to the local community and infrastructure as much as possible.” The earlier plan had been to open in 2020 with tunnelling and station construction to start in 2012.[32] Infrastructure Ontario has awarded the Crosstown construction contract to Crosslinx, a consortium led by SNC Lavalin. It will take about four years to build the stations, 15 of which will be underground.[1]

On September 29, 2015, TBM Don started to bore the north tunnel from the Brentcliffe Road launching site westward towards Yonge Street. TBM Humber will start boring the south tunnel approximately one month later.[33]

On November 3, 2015, Transportation Minister Steven Del Duca announced that the contract awarded to Crosslinx Transit Solutions to complete the Crosstown and maintain it for 30 years will cost $2 billion less than originally estimated.[34]

2016[edit]

Sometime in 2016, a segment of Eglinton Avenue East will be dug up to extract the TBMs Humber and Don, when they reach Yonge Street. However, the hole in the street there will be much smaller than the one near Leslie Street.[19]

Crosslinx[edit]

Crosslinx Transit Solutions, a consortium of more than 26 companies, was awarded the contract to design, build and finance the Eglinton Crosstown and to maintain it for 30 years. The contract, which excludes boring the tunnels, is for completing all other remaining work, including the stations and the finishing work within the tunnels. Some of the members of the consortium are SNC-Lavalin, Aecon, EllisDon, Stantec, ACS Infrastructure Canada, Dragrados, IBI Group and Bank of Nova Scotia. The contract defines a Public–private partnership.[34][35]

The 30-year contract to build and maintain the line will total $9.1 billion. Capital costs will be $5.3 billion, with each of the 15 underground stations costing $80-$100 million to build and the 10 street-level stops $3-$5 million each. The remainder will be for financing, lifecycle and maintenance costs.[34]

Route[edit]

The TTC subway/LRT network as it will likely appear in 2023, with completion of the Eglinton Crosstown. The LRT line crosses Line 1 Yonge–University at two spots and the eastern terminus will connect with Kennedy station on Line 2 Bloor–Danforth, which will extend further northeastward into Scarborough (replacing Line 3 Scarborough (RT)). This map only includes projects that have been approved, funded, or are under construction.

Stations[edit]

The following is the list of stops proposed as of 2013.[36] Metrolinx is proposing changes to the names of seven of the line’s stops.[37] In a report to the TTC Board on 23 November 2015 it was recommended that stations on Line 5 Eglinton LRT should be given unique names.[38]

Stop Type Notes
Mount Dennis Underground Connection to GO Transit logo.svg Kitchener line, potential stop for UP Express logo.svg Union Pearson Express
Keelesdale Underground
Caledonia Underground Connection to GO Transit logo.svg Barrie line
Fairbank Underground
Oakwood Underground
Eglinton West Underground Connection to TTC - Line 1 - Yonge-University-Spadina line.svg Line 1 (University segment). Metrolinx proposes changing name to Allen.
Forest Hill Underground
Chaplin Underground
Avenue Underground Metrolinx proposes changing name to Oriole Park.
Eglinton Underground Connection to TTC - Line 1 - Yonge-University-Spadina line.svg Line 1 (Yonge segment)
Mount Pleasant Underground
Leaside Underground
Laird Underground Easternmost station of the underground central section.
Sunnybrook Park At grade Westernmost of the at grade stops. Side platforms east of Leslie Street.[39]
Science Centre Underground
Aga Khan Park & Museum At grade Side platforms west of Don Valley Parkway.[40]
Wynford At grade Side platforms on opposite sides of a new pedestrian crosswalk, which will cross Eglinton west of the bridge over Wynford Drive.[41] GO Transit's Richmond Hill line crosses under Eglinton a short diatance to the east, but no contingency has been made for a connection.
Sloane At grade Centre platform east of Bermondsey Road/Sloane Avenue.[42]
O'Connor At grade Side platforms east from Victoria Park Avenue to O'Connor Drive.[43]
Pharmacy At grade Side platforms east of Pharmacy Avenue.[44]
Lebovic At grade Side platforms on opposite sides of Lebovic Avenue/Hakimi Avenue.[45]
Golden Mile At grade Side platforms on opposite sides of Warden Avenue.[46]
Birchmount At grade Side platforms east of Birchmount Road.[47]
Ionview At grade Side platforms west of Ionview Road.[48]
Kennedy Underground Connection to TTC - Line 2 - Bloor-Danforth line.svg Bloor–Danforth and GO Transit logo.svg Kennedy GO Station for Stouffville line

Operations[edit]

Operating characteristics of the line include:

  • Usage of automatic train control on the underground section of Eglinton Crosstown.[49]
  • On the surface, usage of dedicated right-of-way transit lanes separate from regular traffic.[6]
  • On the surface, usage of priority signalling at intersections to ensure certainty in travel times.[6]
  • Light rail vehicles and subways can both travel as fast as 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph). However, actual speed is determined by the spacing of the stops and the dwell times between stops. Crosstown vehicles will have an average speed of 28 kilometres per hour (17 mph). As a comparison, the average speed of the subway Line 2 Bloor–Danforth is 32 kilometres per hour (20 mph).[50]
  • The projected ridership of the line is 5,400 passengers per hour in the peak direction by 2031, but the capacity of the vehicles is 15,000 passengers per hour per direction.[6]
  • The Presto card will be available for use across the line.

Future expansion[edit]

In a later phase, it has been proposed that the Eglinton Crosstown be extended westward from Mount Dennis along Eglinton Avenue West to Toronto Pearson International Airport. However, that plan is in doubt as Mayor John Tory's SmartTrack proposal would follow much of that same route into Mississauga.[51][52]

See also[edit]

Portal icon Toronto portal
Portal icon Trams portal

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d Tess Kalinowski (September 24, 2015). "Eglinton Crosstown to open a year later than expected". Toronto Star. Retrieved 2015-09-24. 
  2. ^ Consiglio, Alex (3 October 2012). "TTC to operate city’s new LRT lines". Toronto Star. Retrieved 2012-11-01. 
  3. ^ a b "Eglinton LRT 2012 update" (PDF). Metrolinx. February 2012. Retrieved 2013-11-01. 
  4. ^ "Eglinton-Scarborough Crosstown Update" (pdf). Metrolinx. 23 June 2011. 
  5. ^ "Eglinton Crosstown Light Rail Transit stops and stations" (PDF). City of Toronto. November 2010. Retrieved 2011-07-30. 
  6. ^ a b c d "Eglinton Crosstown Backgrounder". Metrolinx. Retrieved 2013-11-08. 
  7. ^ Spears, John (9 August 2008). "Distance between LRT stops criticized". Toronto Star. Retrieved 2008-08-14. 
  8. ^ "Eglinton Transit City line may survive". CBC. 4 January 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-24. 
  9. ^ D'Cruz, Andrew (1 December 2010). "Mayor Rob Ford: "Transit City is over"". Toronto Life. Retrieved 2014-08-04. 
  10. ^ a b Kalinowski, Tess; Dale, Daniel (9 February 2012). "Special transit meeting: Mayor Rob Ford dismisses council’s vote against his subway plan". Toronto Star (Toronto). Archived from the original on 2012-09-09. 
  11. ^ http://thecrosstown.ca/news-media/whats-new/Online-Consultation-Laird-Don-Valley
  12. ^ Kalinowski, Tess (12 May 2013). "Metrolinx puts Leslie back on the Crosstown map". Toronto Star. Retrieved 8 November 2013. 
  13. ^ Kalinowski, Tess (6 May 2013). "Scarborough councillors seek subway line instead of LRT: A group of Toronto councillors wants to replace the planned LRT for Scarborough with a subway. But a subway would cost $500 million more". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on 2013-07-03. Retrieved 2013-07-03. An LRT would use the same route as the SRT. It would be 9.9 km versus 7.6 km of subway. The LRT would have seven stations, the subway, only three. 
  14. ^ Kalinowski, Tess (17 January 2013). "TTC report threatens to reopen Scarborough subway debate: One commissioner says it's proof Scarborough can have a new subway line under construction within the decade, but Metrolinx dismisses that". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on 2013-07-03. Retrieved 2013-07-03. Glenn DeBaeremaeker (Ward 38, Scarborough Centre) said the latest TTC report gives him new confidence that there will be a subway underway in Scarborough within a decade. 
  15. ^ "City of Toronto: Get Involved > Eglinton Crosstown Light Rail Transit (LRT) > Frequently Asked Questions > Stations and Stops". City of Toronto. 20 August 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-24. 
  16. ^ Kalinowski, Tess (28 July 2010). "Metrolinx orders tunneling machines". Toronto Star. 
  17. ^ http://thecrosstown.ca/news-media/whats-new/announcing-the-winning-names-of-the-tunnel-boring-machine-naming-contest
  18. ^ http://urbantoronto.ca/news/2013/06/eglinton-crosstown-tbms-get-personality-and-send
  19. ^ a b c d Winsa, Patty (21 March 2014). "Metrolinx begins its big eastern dig on the Eglinton Crosstown LRT: Get ready for traffic". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on 2014-03-23. Parts for the next two tunnel-boring machines to work on digging underground parts of the line — nicknamed Don and Humber — will arrive this summer and be assembled in the shaft, before they start drilling the 3.25-kilometre section west to Yonge St. 
  20. ^ Alcoba, Natalie (9 November 2011). "Ford, McGuinty get up-close look at Eglinton LRT construction". National Post. Retrieved 2014-08-04. 
  21. ^ Chu, Showwei (29 May 2012). "Eglinton LRT unlikely to meet 2020 completion date: TTC report". Citytv News (Toronto). Archived from the original on 2012-09-09. 
  22. ^ "Request for Qualifications Issued for the Eglinton Crosstown LRT and Scarborough LRT Lines". Infrastructure Ontario. 22 January 2013. Retrieved 2013-03-10. 
  23. ^ Kalinowski, Tess (22 February 2013). "Eglinton Crosstown LRT tunneling a step closer". Toronto Star (Toronto Star Newspapers Ltd.). Retrieved 2014-08-04. 
  24. ^ "Machines begin tunnelling for Eglinton Crosstown LRT". CBC. 5 June 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-05. 
  25. ^ Jack Landau (2013-11-12). "Metrolinx Awards Contract for Crosstown LRT East Tunnel Section". Urban Toronto. Archived from the original on 2014-09-03. Retrieved 2014-10-12. As tunnel boring machines continue to etch their path eastbound underneath Eglinton Avenue from Keele Street for the western leg of the Eglinton Crosstown LRT project, a winning bidder has been announced for the eastern section of tunnel, which will run from Brentciffe Road to Yonge Street, starting just east of the easternmost underground station at Laird Drive. 
  26. ^ Tim Alamenciak (2014-04-30). "Eglinton Crosstown LRT back on schedule, engineer says". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on 2014-08-03. Retrieved 2015-01-22. “It’s a seemingly simple process that’s actually very high tech,” said Kramer. The first of the two tunneling machines (dubbed Dennis) entered the ground June of 2013 and has made it to Caledonia Rd. from its starting point at Black Creek Dr. The other machine, Lea, is just behind. 
  27. ^ Oliver Moore (2014-04-29). "Underground for now, construction proceeds on Eglinton LRT". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 2014-04-01. Retrieved 2015-01-22. Headwalls that will form the box of the stations have been installed at Keele Street and Caledonia Road, and work is under way on one at Dufferin Street. The TBMs go right through headwalls after they have been built, in order to ensure a tight seal, and the two at work in this area are now on either side of what will eventually be the Caledonia LRT station. 
  28. ^ Rahul Gupta (2014-05-09). "Eglinton LRT: Construction activity well underway on both sides of Allen Road". Inside Toronto. Archived from the original on 2015-01-23. Retrieved 2015-01-22. Digging 50 feet below street level, the 81-metre long TBMs nicknamed Dennis and Lea are located in the vicinity of Caledonia Road, one of 12 underground Crosstown stations planned for the route. They are expected to reach the Allen later this year, when they will be redeployed beyond Eglinton West subway station to continue the dig east towards Yonge Street. 
  29. ^ Eglinton Crosstown TBM Tracker
  30. ^ Olivia Carville (2015-04-19). "An exciting glimpse at boring machines on Eglinton". Toronto Star. 
  31. ^ Lauren Pelley (2015-04-19). "Eglinton businesses feeling sting of Crosstown construction". Toronto Star. 
  32. ^ Collins, Jack (May 19, 2010). "Achieving 5 in 10 - A Revised Plan for the Big 5 Transit Projects" (PDF). Metrolinx. Retrieved September 27, 2015. Complete and in-service by 2020 
  33. ^ "Launch of tunnel boring machines and tunnelling work in the east". Metrolinx. October 1, 2015. Retrieved 2015-10-13. 
  34. ^ a b c Tess Kalinowski (November 3, 2015). "$9.1B Crosstown LRT mega-contract comes in under estimates". Toronto Star. Retrieved 2015-11-03. 
  35. ^ Oliver Moore (November 3, 2015). "Ontario government shaves $2-billion off Eglinton Crosstown LRT price tag". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2015-11-03. 
  36. ^ "Stations and Stops". Metrolinx. Retrieved 2013-11-17. 
  37. ^ "Eglinton Crosstown Line Station and Stop Names". Metrolinx. 2015-10-02. Retrieved 2015-10-02. 
  38. ^ "Line 5 Eglinton Station Names" (PDF). Board Presentation. Toronto Transit Commission. 23 November 2015. Retrieved November 2015. TTC staff evaluated the initial report and the proposed names and provided feedback and recommendations. A primary TTC concern was to avoid replication and redundancy with existing TTC station names. The proposed names are unique and are not likely to be confused with existing station names. 
  39. ^ "Leslie Stop". Eglinton Crosstown. Retrieved September 2014. 
  40. ^ "Ferrand Stop". Eglinton Crosstown. Retrieved September 2014. 
  41. ^ "Wynford Stop". Eglinton Crosstown. Retrieved September 2014. 
  42. ^ "Bermondsey Stop". Eglinton Crosstown. Retrieved September 2014. 
  43. ^ "Victoria Park Stop". Eglinton Crosstown. Retrieved September 2014. 
  44. ^ "Pharmacy Stop". Eglinton Crosstown. Retrieved September 2014. 
  45. ^ "Lebovic Stop". Eglinton Crosstown. Retrieved September 2014. 
  46. ^ "Warden Stop". Eglinton Crosstown. Retrieved September 2014. 
  47. ^ "Birchmount Stop". Eglinton Crosstown. Retrieved September 2014. 
  48. ^ "Ionview Stop". Eglinton Crosstown. Retrieved September 2014. 
  49. ^ Munro, Steve. "Metrolinx Announces Design Changes and Public Meetings on Eglinton LRT (Update 8)". Steve Munro. Archived from the original on 2015-03-04. Retrieved 2013-06-17. 
  50. ^ "Light Rail Transit Facts". Metrolinx. 2015-05-31. Retrieved 2015-05-31. 
  51. ^ Steve Munro (2014-09-16). "John Tory’s "SmartTrack": Will That Train Ever Leave The Station?". Steve Munro. 
  52. ^ Steve Munro (2014-10-17). "SmartTrack: That Pesky Curve in Mount Dennis". Steve Munro. 

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eglinton Crosstown LRT.
Key people
Proponents
Opponents
Transit City billboard.jpg
Projects
Related
Buses
Toronto transit commission 9028-a.jpg
Toronto Rocket.JPG
Flexity outlook 4403 heading south, 2014 08 31 (8) (14918534190).jpg
Rapid transit
Streetcars
Facilities
History
Predecessors
Miscellaneous
Proposed
Unbuilt or cancelled
Italics indicate a project under construction
TTC - Line 1 - Yonge-University-Spadina line.svg Yonge–University
TTC - Line 2 - Bloor-Danforth line.svg Bloor–Danforth
TTC - Line 3 - Scarborough RT line.svg Scarborough
TTC - Line 4 - Sheppard line.svg Sheppard
TTC - Line 5.svg Eglinton
(under construction)
BSicon CLRV.svg Streetcar system
15-Year
25-Year
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eglinton_Crosstown_line&oldid=692026343"