Glossary of the Catholic Church

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This is a glossary of terms used within the Catholic Church.

A

• Abbess — the legal head and spiritual mother of a monastery
• Abbot — the legal head and spiritual father of a monastery
• Acolyte
• Actual grace
• Ad limina visits — visit by diocesan bishop to the Holy See, usually every five years
• Altar
• Altar server
• Altarage — the revenue reserved for the chaplain (altarist or altar-thane) in contradistinction to the income of the parish priest, it came to signify the fees received by a priest from the laity when discharging any function for them
• Ambo
• Ambry
• Annulment – see: Declaration of Nullity (below)
• Apostolic administrator
• Apostolic Chancery — a former office of the Roman Curia
• Apostolic life, Society of — see: Society of apostolic life (below)
• Apostolic nuncio — see: Nuncio (below)
• Apostolic prefect
• Apostolic succession
• Apostolic vicar
• Apse
• Archbishop — the bishop of an archdiocese, with limited jurisdiction over his suffragan sees; an titular and largely honorary designation granted to certain bishops, often Nuncios and other members of the Holy See diplomatic corps
• Archpriest (Latin Church) — see: Vicar Forane (below)
• Auxiliary bishop

B

• Baptism
• Baptism of Jesus
• Baptismal font
• Beatification
• Bishop — an ordained minister who holds the fullness of the sacrament of Holy Orders and is responsible for teaching the Catholic faith and ruling the Church
• Bishop emeritus (or Archbishop emeritus) — the title given to a retired bishop or archbishop
• Bishops' conference — see: Episcopal conference (below)
• Blessed (beatified person) — see: Beatification (above)
• Brother — a lay member of a Catholic religious institute

C

• Canon law
• Cardinal
• Cardinal Vicar
• Catholicism - the body of the Catholic faith, its theologies and doctrines, its liturgical, ethical, spiritual, and behavioural characteristics, as well as a religious people as a whole.
• Catechism - an official exposition of Church teachings
• Chancery, Apostolic — see: Apostolic Chancery (above)
• Chancery, Diocesan – see: Diocesan chancery (below)
• Chaplain of His Holiness
• Clergy, Regular – see: Regular clergy (below)
• Clergy, Secular – see: Secular clergy (below)
• Coadjutor bishop — an auxiliary bishop with the legal right of succession to the see of which he is coadjutor
• Code of Canon Law, 1917
• Code of Canon Law, 1983
• Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
• College of Cardinals
• College of Consultors
• Communion - see: Eucharist (below) and Full communion (below)
• Communion rite
• Communion of Saints
• Confession – see: Sacrament of Penance (below)
• Confirmation
• Congregation, Religious
• Congregation (Roman Curia)
• Congregation, Sacred – see: Congregation (Roman Curia) (above)
• Consecrated life
• Consecrated life (Catholic Church)
• Consecrated life, Institute of – see: Institute of consecrated life (below)
• Corpus Juris Canonici
• Council, Pontifical – see: Pontifical Council (below)
• Counter-Reformation - the period of Catholic revival beginning with the Council of Trent and ending at the close of the Thirty Years' War.
• Credence table
• Crosier
• Crucifix
• Curia, Moderator of the - see: Moderator of the Curia (below)
• Curia (Roman Catholic Church)
• Curia, Roman - see: Roman Curia (below)

D

• Deacon
• Dean — see: Vicar forane (below)
• Declaration of Nullity — a canonical judicial sentence declaring that the matrimonial covenant was invalid from the beginning due to some point of law or other factor
• Definitor
• Diaconate — see: Deacon (above)
• Dicastery
• Diocesan administrator
• Diocesan bishop
• Diocesan chancery
• Diocesan curia — see: "Curia (Roman Catholic Church)" (above)
• Diocesan priest
• Diocesan tribunal — see: Tribunal (below)
• Discalceation
• Dulia — see also: Hyperdulia (below)

E

• East–West Schism - divided medieval Christianity into Eastern (Greek) and Western (Latin) branches, which later became known as the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church, respectively
• Eastern Catholic Churches
• Ecclesiastical judge
• Eminence – see: His Eminence (below)
• Eparchy
• Episcopal conference
• Episcopal see
• Episcopal vicar
• Eucharist - a Christian sacrament or ordinance, generally considered to be a commemoration of the Last Supper, the final meal that Jesus Christ shared with his disciples before his arrest and eventual crucifixion
• Exarch
• Excardination — see also: Incardination
• Exclaustration
• Excommunication - a religious censure used to deprive or suspend membership in a religious community
• Exemption
• Exorcism - the practice of evicting demons or other spiritual entities from a person or place which they are believed to have possessed

F

• Fall of Man — the transition of the first humans from a state of innocent obedience to God, to a state of guilty disobedience to God
• Family wage
• Father (cleric) — a traditional title of priests
• Father, God the — a name for the First Person of the Blessed Trinity
• Five Ways — see: Quinque Viæ (below)
• Font, Baptismal — see: Baptismal font (above)
• Font, Holy water — see: Holy water font (below)
• Friar
• Full communion

G

• Grace (Christianity)
• Grace (prayer)

H

• Hierarchy
• His Eminence
• His Holiness
• Holy Communion - see: Eucharist (above)
• Holy Orders
• Holy See - the episcopal jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome (who is commonly known as the Pope), and is the preeminent episcopal see of the Catholic Church, forming the central government of the Church
• Holy water font (or stoup) (church)
• Holy water stoup (home) – see: Home stoup (below)
• Home stoup
• Honorary Prelate
• Hyperdulia — veneration of the Blessed Virgin Mary see also: dulia
• Hypostasis — in Jesus Christ, the union of two natures, divine and human, in the one divine person of the Son of God

I

• Immaculate Conception — the dogma that Mary was conceived without original sin (not to be confused with the Incarnation of Christ)
• Incardination — see also: excardination (above)
• Incarnation — The Word of God taking on a human nature and becoming true man, Jesus Christ (not to be confused with the Immaculate Conception of Mary)
• Institute of consecrated life
• Institute, Religious — see: Religious institute (below)
• Institute, Secular — see: Secular institute (below)

J

• Judicial vicar
• Just War doctrine

L

• Laity
• Lapsed Catholic — a Catholic who has ceased practicing the Catholic faith. Such a person is said to have lapsed from the faith
• Latin Church
• Latin liturgical rites
• Law, canon — see: Canon law (above)
• Lay communion — the status of a cleric who is in communion with the Church, but only with the standing of a lay person.
• Lay ecclesial ministry
• Lectio Divina
• Lectionary
• Lector — see: Reader (below)
• Limbo — a speculative idea about the afterlife condition of those who die in original sin without being assigned to the Hell of the damned. Limbo is not an official doctrine of the Roman Catholic Church or any other
• Latria — worship and prayer owed to God alone
• Liturgy — public worship
• Local ordinary

M

• Mass — the usual English-language name for the Eucharistic celebration in the Latin liturgical rites of the Catholic Church
• Mariology — the theology concerned with the Virgin Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ
• Mediatrix — the role of the Blessed Virgin Mary as a mediator in the salvation process
• Metropolitan archbishop
• Military ordinariate
• Missal
• Missal, Roman — see: Roman Missal (below)
• Mission sui juris
• Mitre
• Monk
• Monsignor
• Most Holy Trinity — see:Trinity (below)

N

• Narthex
• Nave
• Novitiate
• Nun — see also: Sister (below)
• Nuncio

O

• Officialis — see: Judicial vicar (above)
• Order, Religious — see: Religious order (below)
• Ordinariate, Military — see: Military ordinariate (above)
• Ordinariate, Personal — see: Personal ordinariate (below)
• Ordinary — see: Local ordinary (above)

P

• Papal court
• Parish
• Pastor
• Penance – see: Sacrament of Penance (below)
• Permanent deacon – see: Deacon (above)
• Personal ordinariate
• Personal prelature
• Pew
• Pontiff
• Pontifical Council
• Pope -
• Prefect apostolic – see: Apostolic prefect (above)
• Prelate
• Prelate, Honorary – see: Honorary Prelate (above)
• Prelature, Personal – see: Personal prelature (above)
• Prelature, Territorial – see: Territorial prelature (below)
• Priest -
• Priest, Diocesan – see: Diocesan priest (above)
• Priest, Religious – see: Regular clergy (below)
• Prior
• Prioress
• Protonotary apostolic
• Pulpit – see: Ambo (above)

Q

• Quinque Viæ — Aquinas' famous philosophical proofs for the existence of God found in his Summa Theologiæ

R

• Ratum sed non consummatum
• Reader
• Reconciliation – see: Sacrament of Penance (below)
• Rector (cathedral or seminary)
• Regular clergy
• Religious
• Religious brother – see: Brother (above)
• Religious congregation – see: Congregation, Religious (above)
• Religious institute (Catholic)
• Religious order
• Religious priest – see: Regular clergy (above)
• Religious sister – see: Sister (below)
• Right of Option - a way of obtaining a benefice or a title, by the choice of the new titulary himself
• Roman Catholic -
• Roman Curia — "the complex of dicasteries and institutes that help the Roman Pontiff in the exercise of his supreme pastoral function for the good and service of the whole Church and of the particular Churches"
• Roman Missal

S

• Sacrament of Penance - (commonly called Confession, Reconciliation or Penance) is the method given by Christ to the Church by which individual men and women may be freed from sins committed after receiving Baptism
• Sacred congregation – see: Congregation (Roman Curia) (above)
• Sacred Tradition
• Saints, Communion of – see: Communion of Saints (above)
• Sanctifying grace – see: Grace (Christianity) (above)
• Sanctuary
• Secular clergy
• Secular institute
• Sede vacante
• See, Episcopal - see: Episcopal see (above)
• Seminarian
• Server – see: Altar server (above)
• Side altar
• Simple vow -
• Sister -
• Society of apostolic life
• Solemn vow -
• Stoup, Holy water – see: Holy water font (above) and Home stoup (above)
• Summa Theologiæ — Thomas Aquinas' masterwork of Scholastic philosophical theology
• Supreme Pontiff – see: Pontiff (above)

T

• Territorial prelature
• Titular bishop
• Titular church
• Tradition, Sacred – see: Sacred Tradition (above)
• Transept
• Transitional deacon – see: Deacon (above)
• Transubstantiation
• Tribunal
• Trinity, The

V

• Vacant see — see: Sede vacante (above)
• Venerable
• Vatican (disambiguation)
• Vicar apostolic — see: Apostolic vicar (above)
• Vicar forane — also known as "dean" or, in the Latin Church, "archpriest"
• Vicar general
• Vicar, judicial — see: Judicial vicar (above)
• Vicar of Christ
• Vow — see: Simple vow (above) or Solemn vow (above)

U

• Universal Church

W

• Wage, Family — see: Family wage (above)
• War, just — see: Just war (above)
• Ways, Five — see: Quinque Viæ(above)

See also

• Catholic Encyclopedia