National conservatism
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National conservatism is a variant of conservatism that concentrates more on national interests and upholding cultural and ethnic identity than most other conservatives.[1] In Europe, national conservatives are usually eurosceptics.[2][3]
National conservative parties are "socially traditional"[2] and support the traditional family and social stability.[4] According to the Austrian political scientist Sieglinde Rosenberger, "national conservatism praises the family as a home and a centre of identity, solidarity and emotion."[4] Many national conservatives are thus social conservatives, as well as in favour of limiting immigration and enacting law-and-order policies.[2]
National conservative parties in different countries do not necessarily share a common position on economic policy: their views may range from support of a planned economy to a centrist mixed economy to a laissez-faire approach.[1] In the first, more common, case, national conservatives can be distinguished from fiscal conservatives,[5] for whom free market economic policies, deregulation and tight spending are the main priorities. Some commentators have indeed identified a growing gap between national and economic conservatism: "most parties of the Right [today] are run by economic conservatives who, in varying degrees, have marginalized social, cultural, and national conservatives."[5]
National conservatism is also related to traditionalist conservatism.[citation needed]
Most conservative parties in postcommunist Central and Southeastern Europe since 1989 have been national conservative.[6]
Contents
National conservative political parties[edit]
Current national conservative parties or parties with national conservative factions[edit]
The following political parties have been characterised as national conservative, at least as one of their ideological influences.
Åland — Future of Åland
Algeria — Algerian National Front
Albania — Democratic Party of Albania,[6] Republican Party of Albania,[7] Albanian Alternative
Armenia — Republican Party of Armenia
Bolivia — Nationalist Democratic Action
Azerbaijan — Motherland Party, Civic Solidarity Party
Bosnia and Herzegovina — Party of Democratic Action, Croatian Democratic Union BiH, Party of Democratic Progress[6]
Bulgaria — IMRO – Bulgarian National Movement,[8] Union of Democratic Forces, Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria, Democratic Party[6]
Croatia — Croatian Democratic Union,[6] Croatian Party of Rights dr. Ante Starčević, Croatian Party of Rights
Cyprus — Solidarity Movement[9]
Czech Republic — Civic Democratic Party,[10][11] Coalition for Republic – Republican Party of Czechoslovakia, Dawn - National Coalition, National Democracy, Order of Nation
Denmark — Danish People's Party,[12] Danish Unity
Estonia — Pro Patria and Res Publica Union,[6] Conservative People's Party of Estonia,[13] Estonian Free Party
Finland — Finns Party[14]
France — Movement for France,[15] National Front,[16] France Arise
Germany — Alternative for Germany,[17] Christian Social Union in Bavaria (partially), The Republicans, Pro Germany Citizens' Movement
Greece — Independent Greeks,[18] Democratic Revival, Popular Orthodox Rally
Hungary — Fidesz[6][19]
Israel — Yisrael Beiteinu, The Jewish Home
Italy — Brothers of Italy,[20] The Right
Latvia — National Alliance[21]
Lebanon — Kataeb Party, Lebanese Forces
Liechtenstein — Progressive Citizens' Party
Lithuania — Homeland Union,[6] Order and Justice[22]
Luxembourg — Alternative Democratic Reform Party[23]
Macedonia — Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization – Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity,[6] United for Macedonia
Nepal — Rastriya Prajatantra Party
Philippines — Nacionalista Party
Poland — Law and Justice,[6][24] Solidary Poland
Portugal — CDS – People's Party[25]
Russia — United Russia
Serbia — Serbian Progressive Party,[26] Democratic Party of Serbia,[6][26] Democratic Serb Party, New Serb Democracy
Slovakia - Slovak National Party
Slovenia — Slovenian Democratic Party,[6]
Sweden — Sweden Democrats[27]
Switzerland — Swiss People's Party, Federal Democratic Union,[28] Swiss Democrats, Geneva Citizens' Movement, Ticino League
Taiwan – Kuomintang
Turkey — Homeland Party
Ukraine — Ukrainian Republican Party
United Kingdom — Democratic Unionist Party,[29] Traditional Unionist Voice,[30] UK Independence Party
Former national conservative parties or parties with national conservative factions[edit]
- Italy — National Alliance[31]
- Czech Republic — National Party, National Unity
Romania — Conservative Party[6]
San Marino — Sammarinese People- Slovakia — People's Party - Movement for a Democratic Slovakia
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Mandal 2007, p. 306.
- ^ a b c Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Traynor, Ian, The EU's weary travellers The Guardian, April 4, 2006
- ^ a b Rosenberger, Sieglinde, Europe is swinging towards the right - What are the effects on women?, University of Vienna, 2002. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
- ^ a b National Questions, National Review, Vol. 49, Issue 12, June 30, 1997, pp. 16-17
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Bakke, Elisabeth (2010), "Central and East European party systems since 1989", Central and Southeast European Politics Since 1989 (Cambridge University Press), p. 79
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
- ^ "Détails ODS - Election(s)Meter". fr.electionsmeter.com. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ Pehe, Jiří. "Má liberalismus v České republice šanci? — Jiří Pehe". www.pehe.cz. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ Moreau, Patrick (2011). "The Victorious Parties - Unity in Diversity?". In Uwe Backes, Patrick Moreau. The Extreme Right in Europe: Current Trends and Perspectives. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. p. 101. ISBN 9783647369228.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ http://www.lefigaro.fr/vox/politique/2015/04/13/31001-20150413ARTFIG00155-jean-yves-camus-marion-le-pen-incarne-la-ligne-nationale-conservatrice-du-fn.php
- ^ Simon Franzmann (2015). "The Failed Struggle for Office Instead of Votes". In Gabriele D'Ottavio; Thomas Saalfeld. Germany After the 2013 Elections: Breaking the Mould of Post-Unification Politics?. Ashgate. pp. 166–167. ISBN 978-1-4724-4439-4.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ David Art (2011), "Memory Politics in Western Europe", in Uwe Backes; Patrick Moreau, The Extreme Right in Europe, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, p. 364, ISBN 978-3-525-36922-7
- ^ a b Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Peter Starke; Alexandra Kaasch; Franca Van Hooren (2013). The Welfare State as Crisis Manager: Explaining the Diversity of Policy Responses to Economic Crisis. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 194. ISBN 978-1-137-31484-0.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ Tarchi, Marco (2007), "Recalcitrant Allies: The Conflicting Foreign Policy Agenda of the Alleanza Nazionale and the Lega Nord", Europe for the Europeans (Ashgate), p. 188
Books[edit]
Mandal, U.C. (2007). Dictionary Of Public Administration. Sarup & Sons. ISBN 978-8-1762-5784-8.
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