Turkey–Ukraine relations
 | |
 Turkey |
 Ukraine |
|---|---|
Turkey and Ukraine have a long chronology of historical, geographic, and cultural contact. Diplomatic relations between both countries were established in early 1990s when Turkey became one of the first states in the world to announce officially about recognition of sovereign Ukraine. Turkey has an embassy in Kyiv and a consulate general in Odessa. Ukraine has an embassy in Ankara and a consulate general in Istanbul. Turkey is a full member of NATO and Ukraine is a candidate. Also both countries are BLACKSEAFOR and BSEC members.
In late January 2010 Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych and Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan agreed to form a free trade zone between the two countries during 2011.[1] But bilateral free trade talks were put on hold in 2013.[2]
Following the end of 2015, Turkey and Ukraine experienced closer relations as a result of both countries increasingly strained relationship with Russia.[2] On 20 August 2016 Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan told his Ukrainian counterpart Petro Poroshenko that Turkey would not recognize the 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea; calling it "Crimea's occupation".[3] On 9 January 2017 Turkey's Foreign Minister Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu stated "We support the territorial integrity of Ukraine and Georgia. We do not recognize the annexation of the lands of Ukraine".[4]
History[edit]
On February 3, 2020, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan visited Ukraine and met with President Zelensky. They signed an agreement on military-financial cooperation. It provided for the Turkish side to allocate about $ 36 million for the needs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine for the purchase of Turkish military and dual-use goods.[5]
Abduction of Turkish dissidents[edit]
There has been a rise in number of Turkish dissidents fleeing to Ukraine, following the violent crackdown launched by Turkish leader Erdoğan following the failed 2016 coup. In 2018, the Turkish regime pressured then-President of Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko, to handle dissidents. Subsequently, Ukraine imprisoned and deported two Turkish journalists, and a blogger, revoking their visas.[6][7]
According to Radio Free Europe in February 2020, the Ukrainian government was found complicit in letting the Turkish intelligence abduct Turkish dissidents, mostly those who linked with the Gülen movement; Kyiv had already deported a number of Gulenists back to Turkey in 2021.[8][9] Turkey, despite being a NATO member (which Ukraine has shown aspiration to join), has become increasingly aggressive against other NATO and European Union members, while Ukraine has stood silent toward Turkey's aggressiveness.[10]
Russian invasion of Ukraine[edit]
On 3 February 2022, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan volunteered to organize a Ukraine-Russia conference during a visit to Ukraine, as EU leaders increased up outreach to the Kremlin to calm worries of a Russian invasion.[11] As the crisis escalated, Ukraine ambassador to Turkey asked Turkey to close the nation's Black Sea-Mediterranean straits to Russian warships.[12][13] On 25 February, on the other hand, the Republic of Turkey abstained from voting on Russia’s suspension from the Council of Europe as it calls for open dialogue between the parties under any circumstances.[14] Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu also reiterated Turkey's "readiness to host negotiations that could take place between the Russian Federation and Ukraine," accordingly.[15] On 27 February 2022, Cavusoglu publicly stated that Turkey had shifted its terminology to refer to Russia's assault on Ukraine as a "war," and committed to enforce elements of the 1936 Montreux Convention's international pact which allows Turkey to prohibit Russian warships from entering the Bosporus and Dardanelles and thus hinder Russian vessels' transit from the Mediterranean to the Black Sea.[16] On 28 February, President Tayyip Erdogan public confirmed that the straits would be closed to prevent an escalation of the war, while also pledging to maintain relations with both Ukraine and Russia.[17]
Embassies[edit]
The Embassy of Turkey is located in Kyiv, Ukraine. The Embassy of Ukraine is located in Ankara, Turkey.
Diplomacy[edit]
|
|
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Ukraine and Turkey start forming free trade zone, UNIAN (January 25, 2010)
- ^ a b Ukraine, Turkey may forge anti-Russian alliance in Black Sea, UNIAN (16 March 2016)
- ^ Erdogan Tells Poroshenko Turkey Won't Recognize Crimea As Russian, Radio Free Europe (20 August 2016)
- ^ Turkey does not review the position on Ukraine and Georgia in favor of, Ukrayinska Pravda (9 January 2017)
- ^ "Візит турецького президента до Києва - перший крок до зони вільної торгівлі". Deutsche Welle.
- ^ "Turks Living in Fear as Erdogan's Wrath Stretches to Ukraine".
- ^ https://www.indopremier.com/ipotnews/newsDetail.php?jdl=CORRECTED___Ukraine_arrested_Turkish_blogger_for_Ankara__police&news_id=1385850&group_news=ALLNEWS&taging_subtype=UKRAINE&name=&search=y_general&q=UKRAINE,%20&halaman=1
- ^ "In Kyiv, Erdogan Said All the Right Things -- Unless You're a Turkish Dissident in Ukraine".
- ^ "Ukraine deports suspected Gulen supporters to Turkey - Al-Monitor: The Pulse of the Middle East".
- ^ Abroad, Turkey (30 July 2021). "Why the West should take Turkey's international abductions more seriously". Ahval.
- ^ "Erdogan offers Ukraine-Russia peace summit to defuse crisis". Al Jazeera. AL Jazeera and News Agencies. 3 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
- ^ . Reuters. 24 February 2022 On 24 February, after the invasion started, Erdogan expressed his support for Ukraine https://www.reuters.com/world/ukraine-expects-solidarity-turkey-envoy-2022-02-24/ On 24 February, after the invasion started, Erdogan expressed his support for Ukraine. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
{{cite news}}: Check|url=value (help); Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Gumrukcu, Tuvan (2022-02-24). "Erdogan 'saddened' by Russian invasion, Ukraine urges Turkey to shut straits". Reuters. Retrieved 2022-02-28.
- ^ Gumrukcu, Tuvan (25 February 2022). "Erdogan says NATO, Western reaction to Russian attack not decisive". Reuters. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
- ^ AFP (26 February 2022). "Turkey Urges Russia to End Conflict in Ukraine". The Moscow Times. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
- ^ "Turkey to implement pact limiting Russian warships to Black Sea". Reuters. 27 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
- ^ "Erdogan says Turkey cannot abandon ties with Russia or Ukraine". Reuters. 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
External links[edit]
- Turkish embassy in Kyiv
- Ukrainian embassy in Ankara
- Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Ukraine
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Africa |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Americas | ||
| Asia | ||
| Europe | ||
| Oceania | ||
| Multilateral relations | ||
| Disputes | ||
| Diplomatic missions | ||
 | This Turkish politics-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
| This article about politics in Ukraine is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
 | This article about bilateral relations is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |