County Tyrone
| County Tyrone Contae Thír Eoghain
Coontie Tyrone |
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| Motto: Consilio et Prudentia (Latin) "By Wisdom and Prudence" |
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| Country | United Kingdom | |
| Region | Northern Ireland | |
| Province | Ulster | |
| County town | Omagh | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 1,218 sq mi (3,150 km2) | |
| Area rank | 8th | |
| Population (2011) | 177,986 | |
| • Rank | 10th[1] | |
| Contae Thír Eoghain is the Irish name; Countie Tyrone,[2] Coontie Tyrone[3] and Coontie Owenslann[4] are Ulster Scots spellings (the latter used only by Dungannon & South Tyrone Borough Council). | ||
County Tyrone (from Irish: Tír Eoghain, meaning "land of Eoghan") is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland. Adjoined to the south-west shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of 3,155 km² (1218 sq mi) and has a population of about 177,986, with its county town being Omagh. It is also one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland and is within the historic province of Ulster.
Tyrone is the eighth largest of Ireland's thirty-two counties by area and tenth largest by population.[5] It is the second largest of Ulster's nine counties by area and fourth largest by population.[6] The county is no longer used as an administrative division for local government purposes, but retains a strong identity in popular culture.
Contents
Name[edit]
The name Tyrone is derived from Irish Tír Eoghain, meaning "land of Eoghan", the name given to the conquests made by the Cenél nEógain from the provinces of Airgíalla and Ulaid.[7] Historically, it was anglicised as Tirowen or Tyrowen, which are closer to the Irish pronunciation.
History[edit]
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1653 | 3,988 | — |
| 1659 | 4,088 | +2.5% |
| 1821 | 261,865 | +6305.7% |
| 1831 | 304,468 | +16.3% |
| 1841 | 312,956 | +2.8% |
| 1851 | 255,661 | −18.3% |
| 1861 | 238,500 | −6.7% |
| 1871 | 215,766 | −9.5% |
| 1881 | 197,719 | −8.4% |
| 1891 | 171,401 | −13.3% |
| 1901 | 150,567 | −12.2% |
| 1911 | 142,665 | −5.2% |
| 1926 | 132,792 | −6.9% |
| 1937 | 127,586 | −3.9% |
| 1951 | 132,082 | +3.5% |
| 1961 | 133,919 | +1.4% |
| 1966 | 136,040 | +1.6% |
| 1971 | 139,073 | +2.2% |
| 1981 | 150,729 | +8.4% |
| 1991 | 156,284 | +3.7% |
| 2001 | 164,235 | +5.1% |
| 2011 | 177,986 | +8.4% |
| [8][9][10][11][12][13] | ||
Historically Tyrone stretched as far north as Lough Foyle, and comprised part of modern-day County Londonderry east of the River Foyle. The majority of County Londonderry was carved out of Tyrone between 1610–1620 when that land went to the Guilds of London to set up profit making schemes based on natural resources located there. Tyrone was the traditional stronghold of the various O'Neill clans and families, the strongest of the Gaelic Irish families in Ulster, surviving into the seventeenth century. The ancient principality of Tír Eoghain, the inheritance of the O'Neills, included the whole of the present counties of Tyrone and Londonderry, and the four baronies of West Inishowen, East Inishowen, Raphoe North and Raphoe South in County Donegal.[14]
In 1608 during O'Doherty's Rebellion areas of the country were plundered and burnt by the forces of Sir Cahir O'Doherty following his destruction of Derry. However, O'Doherty's men avoided the estates of the recently fled Earl of Tyrone around Dungannon, fearing Tyrone's anger if he returned from his exile.[15]
Geography[edit]
With an area of 3,155 square kilometres (1,218 sq mi), Tyrone is the largest county in Northern Ireland. The flat peatlands of East Tyrone border the shoreline of the largest lake in the British Isles, Lough Neagh, rising gradually across to the more mountainous terrain in the west of the county, the area surrounding the Sperrin Mountains, the highest point being Sawel Mountain at a height of 678 m (2,224 ft). The length of the county, from the mouth of the River Blackwater at Lough Neagh to the western point near Carrickaduff hill is 55 miles (89 km). The breadth, from the southern corner, southeast of Fivemiletown, to the northeastern corner near Meenard Mountain is 37.5 miles (60.4 km); giving an area of 1,260 square miles (in 1900).[14] Annaghone lays claim to be the geographical centre of Northern Ireland.
Demography[edit]
It is one of four counties in Northern Ireland which currently has a majority of the population from a Catholic community background, according to the 2011 census. In 1900 County Tyrone had a population of 197,719,[14] while in 2011 it was 177,986.
Settlements[edit]
Large towns[edit]
(population of 18,000 or more and under 75,000 at 2001 Census)[16]
Medium towns[edit]
(population of 10,000 or more and under 18,000 at 2001 Census)[16]
Small towns[edit]
(population of 4,500 or more and under 10,000 at 2001 Census)[16]
Intermediate settlements[edit]
(population of 2,250 or more and under 4,500 at 2001 Census)[16]
Villages[edit]
(population of 1,000 or more and under 2,250 at 2001 Census)[16]
Small villages[edit]
(population of less than 1,000 at 2001 Census)[16]
- Altamuskin
- Altmore
- Ardstraw
- Artigarvan
- Augher
- Aughnacloy
- Ballygawley
- Ballymagorry
- Benburb
- Beragh
- Brockagh
- Caledon
- Clady
- Clogher
- Clonoe
- Derryloughan
- Derrytresk
- Donaghmore
- Donemana
- Drumquin
- Edenderry
- Eglish
- Erganagh
- Eskra
- Evish
- Glenmornan
- Gortin
- Greencastle
- Killyclogher
- Loughmacrory
- Kildress
- Plumbridge
- Pomeroy
- Rock
- Stewartstown
- Tamnamore
- Tullyhogue
- Victoria Bridge
Subdivisions[edit]
Baronies
- Clogher
- Dungannon Lower
- Dungannon Middle
- Dungannon Upper
- Omagh East
- Omagh West
- Strabane Lower
- Strabane Upper
Parishes
Townlands
Future Railway Revival[edit]
There is the future possibility of the line being reopened to Dungannon railway station from Portadown.[17]
Sport[edit]
The major sports in Tyrone are Gaelic games, Association football and Rugby Union.[citation needed]
- Gaelic football is more widely played than hurling. The Tyrone GAA football side has had considerable success since 2000, winning three All Ireland titles (in 2003, 2005 and 2008), they have also won thirteen Ulster titles (1956, 1957, 1973, 1984, 1986, 1989, 1995, 1996, 2001, 2003, 2007, 2009, 2010)[18] and two National League titles (in 2002 and 2003).[citation needed]
- Underage Gaelic football teams have also had considerable successes on the field at both provincial and national level – winning the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship seven times (the most recent, also in 2010) and the All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship four times.[citation needed]
- Association Football also has a large following. Omagh Town F.C. were members of the Irish Football League until they folded in 2005 due to financial problems. Dungannon Swifts F.C. compete in the NIFL Premiership - the top division. Other teams include NIFL Championship sides Coagh United F.C. and Dergview F.C..
- Rugby Union is very popular in the county. Dungannon RFC are one of only three Ulster teams currently playing in All Ireland League One. Other teams include Omagh RFC, Clogher Valley RFC, Cookstown RFC and Strabane RFC.
Notable people[edit]
- Ryan Dolan – Representing Ireland at the Eurovision Song Contest 2013.
- Philomena Begley, Irish country music singer
- James E. Boyd, seventh Governor of Nebraska[19]
- Paul Brady, musician.
- William Burke, 1792–1829, grave robber and murderer
- Peter Canavan, former All Ireland winning Tyrone captain and second top scorer in Senior Ulster Championship football.
- William Carleton (1794–1869), writer
- Darren Clarke, professional golfer.
- Tom Clarke, a leader of the 1916 Easter Rising
- Janet Devlin, soul and pop artist and contestant on The X Factor (UK)
- Brian Dooher, former captain of the Tyrone senior football team.
- Hugo Duncan, singer and broadcaster on BBC Radio.
- John Dunlap (1747–1812), publisher of the first American daily newspaper the Pennsylvania Packet in 1784, also the printer of the American Declaration of Independence.
- Brian Friel, dramatist and theatre director
- Aaron Hughes, current captain of the Northern Ireland football team and also plays for Fulham.
- John Hughes (1797–1864), born in Annaloghan, first Archbishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of New York.[20]
- Ryan Kelly, singer with Celtic Thunder "Ryan Kelly". Retrieved 24 November 2015.
- Professor Dr Patrick Gerald "Gerry" McKenna (born 1953), lecturer in human biology and genetics, New University of Ulster (1978-84); Director, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre (1985-88); Dean, Faculty of Science (1994-97); President Emeritus and Honorary Executive Secretary, Heads of University Centres of Biomedical Science (2011-present); Chair, University Centres of Biomedical Science (1995-97)[21][22]
- Benedict Kiely (1919–2007), writer and broadcaster
- William McMaster (1811–1887), Founder of Canadian Bank of Commerce and namesake of McMaster University
- Mary Mallon (1869–1938), more commonly known as Typhoid Mary
- W. F. Marshall (1888–1954), the 'The Bard of Tyrone', Presbyterian minister, author and poet, creator of one of Northern Ireland's most popular dialect poems 'Me an' Me Da', and many others in similar vein, lecturer at Magee College Derry and leading authority on Mid Ulster English.
- Thomas Mellon, founder of Mellon Bank, now Bank of New York Mellon
- Flann O'Brien, 1911–1966, writer
- Dominic Ó Mongain (1715–1800?), Poet and harpist.[23] cláirseach
- Victor Sloan MBE, Visual Artist
- Ivan Sproule, football player for Bristol City F.C.
- Dennis Taylor, former World Snooker Champion.
- Sylvia Hermon, Member of Parliament for North Down, born in Galbally, County Tyrone
- Jimmy Cricket, Comedian
See also[edit]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to County Tyrone. |
- Abbeys and priories in Northern Ireland (County Tyrone)
- High Sheriff of Tyrone
- List of civil parishes of County Tyrone
- List of places in County Tyrone
- List of townlands in County Tyrone
- Lord Lieutenant of Tyrone
- Ulster American Folk Park
- The Moorlough Shore
References[edit]
- ^ Cookstown.gov.uk Archived 27 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "North-South Ministerial Council: 2010 Annual Report in Ulster Scots" (PDF). Retrieved 18 January 2013.
- ^ "North-South Ministerial Council: 2006 Annual Report in Ulster Scots" (PDF). Retrieved 18 January 2013.
- ^ "Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council". Dungannon.gov.uk. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
- ^ Corry, Eoghan (2005). The GAA Book of Lists. Hodder Headline Ireland. pp. 186–191. ISBN 0-340-89695-7.
- ^ Marie Veronica Tarpey The role of Joseph McGarrity in the struggle for Irish independence
- ^ Art Cosgrove (2008); "A New History of Ireland, Volume II: Medieval Ireland 1169-1534". Oxford University Press.
- ^ For 1653 and 1659 figures from Civil Survey Census of those years, Paper of Mr Hardinge to Royal Irish Academy, 14 March 1865.
- ^ "Census for post 1821 figures.". Cso.ie. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
- ^ "Histpop.org". Histpop.org. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
- ^ "Nisranews.gov.uk". Nisranew.nisra.gov.uk. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
- ^ Lee, JJ (1981). "On the accuracy of the Pre-famine Irish censuses". In Goldstrom, J. M.; Clarkson, L. A. Irish Population, Economy, and Society: Essays in Honour of the Late K. H. Connell. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.
- ^ Mokyr, Joel; O Grada, Cormac (November 1984). "New Developments in Irish Population History, 1700–1850". The Economic History Review 37 (4): 473–488. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0289.1984.tb00344.x.
- ^ a b c "Description of County Tyrone from Atlas and Cyclopedia of Ireland (1900)". Library Ireland. Retrieved 24 February 2009.
- ^ McCavitt, John. The Flight of the Earls. Gill & MacMillan, 2002. p.143-44
- ^ a b c d e f "Statistical classification of settlements". NI Neighbourhood Information Service. Retrieved 23 February 2009.
- ^ "All aboard! Dungannon railway hopes revived." Tyrone Times, January 28, 2013
- ^ The Tyrone GAA team have won the Ulster Senior Championship on eight occasions in the 20th century
- ^ "Kansas Governor Walter Roscoe Stubbs". National Governors Association. Retrieved 29 September 2012.
- ^ Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607–1896. Chicago, IL: Marquis Who's Who. 1963.
- ^ http://www.gerrymckenna.co.uk
- ^ http://www.debretts.com/people-of-today/profile/35837/Patrick-Gerald-(Gerry)-McKENNA
- ^
- Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone (Aodh Mór Ó Néill), c.1550–1616, Irish leader during the Nine Years' War
- Arthur O'Neill (c.1737–1816) was a travelling blind Irish harpist, a virtuoso player of the Irish harp or
- The Memoirs of John M. Regan, a Catholic Officer in the RIC and RUC, 1909–48, Joost Augusteijn, editor, District Inspector, Co. Tyrone, 1920s, ISBN 978-1-84682-069-4.
Further reading[edit]
- McNeill, I. 2010. The Flora of County Tyrone. National Museums of Northern Ireland. ISBN 978-1-905989-17-1
External links[edit]
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Wikivoyage has a travel guide for County Tyrone. |
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County Londonderry  |
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County Donegal  |
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Lough Neagh | ||
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County Fermanagh  |
County Monaghan | County Armagh  |
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