1875 in Canada

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Years:	1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878

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Events from the year 1875 in Canada.

Incumbents

Crown

• Head of state (monarch) – Queen Victoria (consort – Vacant)

Federal government

• Governor general – Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood (viceregal consort – Hariot Georgina Rowan-Hamilton)
• Prime minister – Alexander Mackenzie

Provincial governments

Lieutenant governors

• Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia – Joseph Trutch
• Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba – Alexander Morris
• Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – Samuel Leonard Tilley
• Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Adams George Archibald
• Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – John Willoughby Crawford (until May 13) then Donald Alexander Macdonald (from May 18)
• Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – Robert Hodgson
• Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – René-Édouard Caron

Premiers

• Premier of British Columbia – George Anthony Walkem
• Premier of Manitoba – Robert Atkinson Davis
• Premier of New Brunswick – George Edwin King
• Premier of Nova Scotia – William Annand (until May 8) then Philip Carteret Hill (from May 11)
• Premier of Ontario – Oliver Mowat
• Premier of Prince Edward Island – Lemuel Cambridge Owen
• Premier of Quebec – Charles Boucher de Boucherville

Territorial governments

Lieutenant governors

• Lieutenant Governor of the Northwest Territories - Alexander Morris

Events

• January 14 - The Halifax Herald is first published
• January 18 - 1875 Ontario election: Sir Oliver Mowat's Liberals win a second consecutive majority
• April 5 - The Supreme Court of Canada is created
• April 8 - The Northwest Territories is given a lieutenant-governor separate from that of Manitoba.
• May 11 - Philip Carteret Hill becomes premier of Nova Scotia, replacing William Annand
• June 1 - Construction begins on the Canadian Pacific Railway
• June 30 - The Land Purchase Act comes into effect in Prince Edward Island in order to address the "land question", one of the issues that had prompted the colony to join Confederation
• July 7 - 1875 Quebec election: Charles-Eugène Boucher de Boucherville's Conservatives win a third consecutive majority
• July 20 - 1875 British Columbia election
• September 2 - The Guibord Affair, violence resulting from the 1874 Guibord case, breaks out.

Full date unknown

• Louis Riel is granted amnesty with the condition that he be banished for five years.
• Jennifer Trout becomes the first woman licensed to practise medicine in Canada, although Emily Stowe has been doing so without a licence in Toronto since 1867
• Grace Lockhart receives from Mount Allison University the first Bachelor of Arts degree awarded to a woman.
• Hospital for Sick Children founded.

Births

• March 29 - Harry James Barber, politician (d.1959)
• June 12 - Sam De Grasse, actor (d.1953)

John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir

• June 15 - Herman Smith-Johannsen, ski pioneer and supercentenarian (d.1987)
• August 2 - Albert Hickman, politician and 17th Prime Minister of Newfoundland (d.1943)
• August 21 - Winnifred Eaton, author (d.1954)
• August 22 - François Blais, politician (d.1949)
• August 26 - John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir, novelist, politician and 15th Governor General of Canada (d.1940)
• September 6 - Edith Berkeley, biologist
• October 5 - Anne-Marie Huguenin, journalist
• November 19 - John Knox Blair, politician, physician and teacher (d.1950)
• December 5 - Arthur Currie, World War I general (d.1933)

Deaths

• March 1 - Henry Kellett, officer in the Royal Navy, oceanographer, Arctic explorer (b.1806)
• June 22 - William Edmond Logan, geologist (b.1798)
• July 15 - Charles La Rocque, priest and third Bishop of Saint-Hyacinthe (b.1809)
• July 22 - Amable Éno, dit Deschamps, political figure (b.1785)
• August 21 - George Coles, Premier of Prince Edward Island (b.1810)
• December 14 - Marie-Anne Gaboury, female explorer (b.1780)