Portal:Fascism

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Fascism is a Political reactionary authoritarian nationalist political ideology. Fascists seek to unify their nation based on commitment to an organic national community where its individuals are united together as one people through national identity. The unity of the nation is to be based upon suprapersonal connections of ancestry and culture through a totalitarian state that seeks the mass mobilization of the national community through discipline, [narrowing of the permitted limit of social discourse], physical training, and eugenics. The limiting of the spectrum of acceptable opinion includes the aggressive suppression of dissent. Frequently, fascism seeks to eradicate perceived foreign influences that are deemed to be causing degeneration of the nation or of not fitting into the national culture.

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Albert Speer /ˈʃpɛæ/ (born Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer; March 19, 1905 – September 1, 1981) was a German architect who was, for part of World War II, Minister of Armaments and War Production for the Third Reich. Speer was Adolf Hitler's chief architect before assuming ministerial office. He designed and constructed a number of structures, including the Reich Chancellery and the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg where Party rallies were held. Speer accepted responsibility at the Nuremberg trials and in his memoirs for crimes of the Nazi regime and was sentenced to twenty years imprisonment, most of which he served in Spandau Prison in West Berlin. After his release, Speer published two bestselling autobiographical works, Inside the Third Reich and Spandau: The Secret Diaries.

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Members of the German Nazi Party during the Beer Hall Putsch in Munich in 1923, in which the Nazis emulating the Italian Fascists' March on Rome, attempted to overthrow the Bavarian and German governments. The Putsch failed and Nazi Fuhrer Adolf Hitler and other Nazi officials were put under arrest for a lenient sentence of one year.

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Did you know...

... that Francis Bull, a board member of the National Theatre when Nazi Germany occupied Norway in 1940, was arrested in 1941 and spent three years in a concentration camp?
... that after the foundation of the German Democratic Republic, Nazi General Arno von Lenski was formally acknowledged as a "Victim of Fascism" in 1949?
... that pianist Mona Golabek wrote a book about her mother's experience as part of the Kindertransport (refugees pictured), a mission to rescue children threatened by the Nazis?

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In all the countries where fascism became victorious, we had, before the growth of fascism and its victory, a wave of radicalism of the masses—of the workers and the poorer peasants and farmers, and of the petty bourgeois class. In Italy, after the war and before 1922, we had a revolutionary wave of tremendous dimensions; the state was paralyzed, the police did not exist, the trade unions could do anything they wanted—but there was not party capable of taking the power. As a reaction came fascism. In Germany, the same. We had a revolutionary situation in 1918; the bourgeois class did not even ask to participate in the power. The social democrats paralyzed the revolution. Then the workers tried again in 1922-23-24. This was the time of the bankruptcy of the Communist Party—all of which we have gone into before. Then in 1929-30-31, the German workers began again a new revolutionary wave. There was a tremendous power in the Communists and in the trade unions, but then came the famous policy (on the part of the Stalinist movement) of social fascism, a policy invented to paralyze the working class. Only after these three tremendous waves did fascism become a big movement. There are no exceptions to this rule—fascism comes only when the working class shows complete incapacity to take into its own hands the fate of society.

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— Leon Trotsky, "FASCISM: What is it and how to fight it"

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News

7 July 2009: Scotland Yard voices fears of a terrorist attack from the far right.[1]
3 July 2009: A German court declares 89-year-old John Demjanjuk fit to stand trial.[2]
28 June 2009: On Croatia's national anti-fascism day, President Stjepan Mesić delivers a warning about the rise in sympathy for the Ustasha state.[3]
27 June 2009: Nine former Nazi SS officers are sentenced to life imprisonment for a World War II massacre in Italy.[4]
17 June 2009: Michela Vittoria Brambilla, the tourism minister of Italy, is accused of delivering a Roman salute.[5]
15 June 2009: The Italian National Guard, a vigilante group set to begin foot patrols in Northern Italy, causes controversy when it unveils its uniform in Milan, which is seen as similar to that of the blackshirts.[6]

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