Global Greens

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Global Greens
Global Greens logo.jpg
Global Greens logo
Countries governed by Global Green parties.png
  •   Member is part of a coalition government
  •   Member is part of a national legislature
  •   Member is not part of either
AbbreviationGG
Formation12 April 2001; 18 years ago (2001-04-12)
TypeInternational nongovernmental organization
Legal statusAssociation
PurposeWorld network of green political parties and organizations
HeadquartersRue Wiertz 31, 1050 Brussels, Belgium[1]
Region served
Worldwide
Membership
91 parties[2]
Convenor
Keli Yen[3]
Main organ
Global Greens Congress
Websitewww.globalgreens.org
Part of a series on
Green politics
Sunflower symbol
Organizations

The Global Greens (GG) is an international network of political parties and movements which work to implement the Global Greens Charter. It consists of various national Green political parties, partner networks, and other organizations associated with green politics.

Formed in 2001 at the First Global Greens Congress, the network has grown to include 80 full member parties and 18 observers and associate parties as of February 2019.[2] It is governed by a 12-member steering committee called the Global Greens Coordination, and each member party falls under the umbrella of one of four affiliated regional green federations. The day-to-day operations of the Global Greens are managed by the Secretariat, led by Global Greens Convenor Keli Yen since 2015.

History[edit]

The world's first green parties were founded in 1972. These were in the Australian state of Tasmania (the United Tasmania Group) and in New Zealand (the Values Party). Others followed quickly: in 1973, PEOPLE (later the Ecology Party) was set up in the UK, and in other European countries Green and radical parties sprang up in the following years.[4]

Petra Kelly, a German ecofeminist activist, is often cited as one of the first thinkers and leaders of the green politics movement. Her work in founding the German Green Party in West Germany in 1980 was instrumental in bringing prominence to green political parties on both the national and international stages.

The first Planetary Meeting of the Greens was held in Rio de Janeiro on May 30–31, 1992 in conjunction with the Rio Earth Summit being concurrently held in Brazil.[5] It was here that the first ever Global Greens statement was issued, beginning with this preface:

Petra Kelly, a German ecofeminist and green politics thinker who founded the German Green Party in 1980

"Experience teaches us that governments are only moved to take environmental problems seriously when people vote for environmental political parties."[6]

The first Global Greens Congress was held in Canberra, Australia, in 2001. The official Global Greens Charter was issued here and the Congress delegates set up the framework and organizational structures that would build the Global Greens into an ongoing international network and movement, including the Global Greens Coordination. In 2010, the first Global Greens Secretary was appointed.[4]

Global Greens Charter[edit]

The Global Greens Charter is the guiding document that establishes the principles and "core values" to which member parties and associated organizations should attempt to adhere.[7] It sets out global principles that cross boundaries to bind Greens from around the world together:

  1. Participatory Democracy
  2. Nonviolence
  3. Social Justice
  4. Sustainability
  5. Respect for Diversity
  6. Ecological Wisdom

Priorities outlined in the Charter include reforming the dominant economic model, tackling climate change, ending the hunger crisis, promoting vibrant democracy, working for peace, protecting biodiversity.

The Global Greens Charter has been reviewed and updated twice during Global Greens Congresses since its original publishing in 2001: once in Dakar, Senegal in 2012, and again in Liverpool, U.K., in 2017. The updated 2017 version is offered in English, and past versions can be accessed in 11 various languages.[8]

Regional Federations of the Global Greens[edit]

The Global Greens are organized into four regional federations across the world:

Global Greens Coordination[edit]

The Global Greens has a 12-member steering committee called the Global Greens Coordination.[9] The makeup of this committee stems from three elected members from each of the four regional federations, supported by three alternates who can stand in when needed.

Global Greens Congress[edit]

The Global Greens have held four Congresses since 2001 in various locations around the world:

  1. 2001 - Canberra, Australia
  2. 2008 - São Paulo, Brazil
  3. 2012 - Dakar, Senegal
  4. 2017 - Liverpool, U.K.[10]

The Global Greens strives to achieve regional diversity and representation, encouraging Congress locations to represent the wide geographical spread of the organization's member parties and organizations. The next Global Greens Congress will be held in 2021. It will be hosted by the Green Party Korea in Seoul.

Networks[edit]

Federation of Young European Greens demonstration in Copenhagen, during the Climate Summit 2009.

The Global Greens have five networks designed to enable global collaboration, communication and community among member parties and organizations:

  • Friends of Global Greens
    • This network is composed of Green parties, parliamentarians and activists who make recurring donations of any amount to the Global Greens.[11]
  • Global Greens LGBT+ Network
    • This network aims to:
      1. "Support LGBT+ groups within Green Parties around the world to work together and support each other;
      2. Support Green Parties looking to set-up LGBT+ groups, and;
      3. Promote LGBT+ equality as outlined in the Global Greens Charter."[12]
  • Global Greens Parliamentarians Network
    • This network is composed of Green Members of Parliament from Global Greens member parties and works to fulfill the following objectives:
      1. "To be active, in a coordinated manner, in our parliaments on issues of identified global concern, in order to influence the governments of our countries, and the public whom we represent, to the goals specifically identified by the Global Greens;
      2. To develop a mutually-reinforcing and mutually-supportive network of MPs, as individuals, to help us each to become most effective in our parliamentary action, and realise our potential as movers of positive global change, and;
      3. To achieve positive change for Green goals at the global and regional levels through the strengthening of international institutions, including more parliamentarian representation and decision-making influence in those bodies."[13]
  • Global Greens Women's Network
    • This network supports the participation of Green women worldwide in democratic political processes, by focusing on:
      1. "Capacity building and empowerment: training and developing skills, such as public speaking and leadership;
      2. Governance and participation: confronting inequalities at the organizational level and exchanging best practices to tackle them and promote participation;
      3. Campaigning about major topics relevant to women: such as gender justice and climate change, and;
      4. Carrying out formal functions as part of global Greens governance: e.g. nominating women to the Asia-Pacific Greens Federation (APGF) Council."[14]
  • Global Young Greens
    • This network is a "youth-led organization supporting and uniting the efforts of young people from a green-alternative spectrum around the world. It works towards (1) ecological sustainability, (2) social justice, (3) grassroots democracy and (4) peace."[15]

Member parties[edit]

Member parties in the Americas[edit]

Waist high portrait of three middle aged people in the library of what could be a boat or other confined space.
Marina Silva with Thomas Lovejoy and Stephen Schneider

Affiliated members in North, Central and South America form the Federation of the Green Parties of the Americas.

Jill Stein and Ajamu Baraka.
Country Name National/Federal Government State/Municipal Government Notes
 Argentina Green Party No No
 Bolivia Partido Verde de Bolivia unknown unknown
 Brazil Partido Verde do Brasil Independent The party is represented in several state legislatures. in coalition 2003–2008
 Canada Green Party of Canada/Parti vert du Canada In opposition
(2 members)		 Provincial: British Columbia (3 members), New Brunswick (3), Ontario (1), Prince Edward Island (8). Municipal: Vancouver City Council (3). Confidence and supply agreement with NDP government in BC, and Official Opposition party in PEI
 Chile Partido Ecologista in opposition Two seats on regional boards. One seat in the Chamber of Deputies as part of the Broad Front coalition.
 Colombia Alianza Verde 9 Senators and 9 deputies sitting in oppostion Enrique Peñalosa, a green, is mayor of Bogota. The party also has 3 regional governors and several mayors.
 Mexico Partido Ecologista Verde de México in opposition Represented in several regional parliaments The party is criticized for its support of the death penalty, and alleged corruption.[16]
 Peru Partido Ecologista Alternative Verde del Peru unknown unknown
 United States Green Party of the United States No Extraparliamentary opposition The party has representation on the Minneapolis, Laredo, Madison, and several smaller city councils. The party was formerly represented in the AK, CA, MD, and ME, state legislatures.
 Venezuela Movimiento Ecológico de Venezuela No Extraparliamentary opposition unknown

Member parties in Asia and Oceania[edit]

Bob Brown at a climate change rally in Melbourne on 5 July 2008

Affiliated members in Asia, Pacific and Oceania form the Asia-Pacific Green Network.

James Shaw, Minister for Climate Change (New Zealand), 2019.
Country Name National/Federal Government State/Municipal Government Notes
 Australia Australian Greens in opposition in coalition in A.C.T., represented in most states and territories in coalition in Tasmania 2010–14
 Republic of China (Taiwan) Green Party Taiwan Extraparliamentary opposition Represented in Taoyuan and Hsinchu County[17]
 Republic of China (Taiwan) Trees Party Extraparliamentary opposition unknown
 Hong Kong Green Party Hong Kong unknown unknown
 India Uttarakhand Parivartan Party Extraparliamentary opposition in the Indian state of Uttarakhand unknown
 Japan Greens Japan Extraparliamentary opposition Kazumi Inamura, a green, is mayor of Amagasaki
 Mongolia Mongolian Green Party Extraparliamentary opposition unknown
 Mongolia Civil Will-Green Party Extraparliamentary opposition unknown in coalition 2012–16
   Nepal Green Civil Society unknown
 Pakistan Green Party of Pakistan unknown unknown
 Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Greens Extraparliamentary Opposition unknown
 Philippines Green Party of the Philippines (Partido Kalikasan) unknown unknown
 South Korea Green Party of Korea Extraparliamentary opposition unknown
 New Zealand Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand 8 MPs,[18] giving confidence and supply for the government The party endorsed current mayors of Auckland Phil Goff and Wellington Justin Lester and is represented on Auckland and Wellington city councils.

Member parties in Africa[edit]

Wangari Maathai, Kenya.
Frank Habineza, Leader of the African Greens Federation since 2008.

Affiliated parties in Africa form the Federation of Green Parties of Africa.

Country Name National/Federal Government State/Municipal Government Notes
 Angola Partido Nacional Ecológico de Angola unknown unknown
 Benin Les Verts du Benin in opposition unknown
 Burkina Faso Parti Ecologiste pour le Développement du Burkina unknown unknown
 Burkina Faso Rally of the Ecologists of Burkina unknown unknown
 Burundi Burundi Green Movement unknown unknown
 Central African Republic Mouvement des Verts de Centrafique unknown unknown
 Chad Union des Ecologistes Tchadiens - LES VERTS unknown unknown
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Rassemblement des écologistes congolais Extraparliamentary Opposition unknown Represented in parliament 2006–2011
 Egypt Egyptian Greens unknown unknown
 Gabon Parti Vert Gabonais/Gabon Green Party unknown unknown
 Ghana Ghana Green Movement unknown unknown
 Guinea Parti des Ecologistes Guineens unknown unknown
 Ivory Coast Parti Ecologique Ivoirien unknown unknown
 Kenya Mazingira Green Party in opposition unknown
 Madagascar Madagascar Green Party unknown unknown
 Mali Parti Ecologiste du Mali unknown unknown
 Mauritius Les Verts Fraternels Extraparliamentary opposition unknown In coalition between 2005 and 2010.
 Morocco Les Verts unknown unknown
 Mozambique Ecological Party of Mozambique Extraparliamentary opposition Extraparliamentary opposition
 Niger Rassemblement pour un Sahel Vert unknown unknown
 Nigeria Green Party of Nigeria unknown unknown
 Rwanda Democratic Green Party of Rwanda in opposition unknown
 Senegal Les Verts Extraparliamentary opposition unknown Represented in parliament between 2007 and 2012
 Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Green Party unknown unknown
 Somalia Democratic Green Party of Somalia unknown unknown
 South Africa South African Green Alliance unknown unknown
 Togo Afrique Togo Ecologie unknown unknown
 Tunisia Tunisie Verte Extraparliamentary opposition unknown
 Uganda Ecological Party of Uganda unknown unknown
 Zambia National Revolution Green Party Zambia unknown unknown

Member parties in Europe[edit]

Affiliated members in Europe form the European Green Party.

Amanda Lind, Swedish Minister for Culture and Democracy, 2019
Femke Halsema, mayor of Amsterdam
Country Name National/Federal Government State/Municipal Government European Parliament Notes
 Albania Green Party of Albania in opposition in opposition 34 local councillors, 8 in urban municipalities and 26 in rural municipalities[19] Not an EU member
 Andorra Partit Verds d'Andorra in opposition The party hasn't participated in recent local elections Not an EU member
 Austria Die Grünen Extraparliamentary opposition in coalition in Upper Austria, Carinthia, Tyrol, Salzburg, Vorarlberg and Vienna in opposition
 Belgium Ecolo in opposition in opposition in Wallonia and Brussels-Capital Region in opposition Form one Parliamentary group in the Federal Parliament
 Belgium Groen in opposition in opposition in Flanders in opposition
 Bulgaria Zelena Partija Extraparliamentary opposition unknown Extraparliamentary opposition
 Cyprus Cyprus Green Party in opposition unknown Extraparliamentary opposition
 Czech Republic Strana zelených Extraparliamentary opposition unknown Extraparliamentary opposition In coalition 2006–2010
 Estonia Estonian Greens in opposition unknown Extraparliamentary opposition
 Finland Vihreät/De Gröna in opposition Represented in several municipalities. It has the second largest group of councillors in Helsinki in opposition in coalition 1995–2003, 2007–2014
 France Europe Écologie–Les Verts in opposition Senior coalition partner in Grenoble. Also in coalition in Occitanie, Nouvelle Aquitaine, Centre-Val de Loire and Paris, Lille, Nantes, Strasbourg, Rennes. in opposition in coalition 1997–2002, 2012–14, represented in parliament 1997-2017
 Georgia Sakartvelo's Mtsvaneta Partia/Green Party of Georgia unknown unknown Not an EU member
 Germany Bündnis '90/Die Grünen in opposition Senior coalition partner in the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg, also junior coalition party in 10 of 16 states. Senior coalition partner in the cities of Stuttgart, Darmstadt, Freiburg im Breisgau and Heidelberg in opposition in coalition 1998–2005
 Greece Ecologoi Prasinoi/Ecologist Greens Junior party in coalition cabinet Represented in most Regional parliaments Extraparliamentary opposition
 Hungary Lehet Más a Politika 8 MPs sitting in opposition 54 seats in local city councils in opposition
 Ireland
 United Kingdom (NI)		 Green Party/Comhaontas Glas 2 TDs, sitting in opposition. 2 MLA, 49 councillors in ROI local government, 8 in NI local government Extraparliamentary opposition In coalition in ROI 2007–2011
 Italy Federazione dei Verdi 2 Senators elected as M5S, sitting in opposition The party has one regional councilor in Campania participating in the coalition Extraparliamentary opposition in coalition 1996–2001
 Italy Verdi–Grüne–Vërc One deputy, sitting in opposition The party has 3 members in the Landtag of South Tyrol. Extraparliamentary opposition Part of the Federazione dei Verdi before 2013
 Latvia Latvijas Zaļā partija 11 MPs in opposition (as UoGF) Represented in several city councils, most notably in rural areas. Extraparliamentary opposition Part of the Union of Greens and Farmers since 2002; Prime minister (2004, 2016–2019), in coalition 2002–11 and 2014–2019
 Luxembourg Déi Gréng Junior party in coalition cabinet Roberto Traversini, a green, is mayor of Differdange in opposition
 Malta Alternattiva Demokratika Extraparliamentary opposition One green councillor in Ħ'Attard[20] Extraparliamentary opposition
 Moldova Partidul Ecologist "Alianța Verde" din Moldova unknown unknown Not an EU member
 Netherlands De Groenen Extraparliamentary opposition 1/26 seats in Water board Amstel, Gooi en Vecht Extraparliamentary opposition
 Netherlands GroenLinks 14/150 seats in the House of Representatives, 4/75 seats in the Senate Junior coalition partner in Noord-Holland and Zeeland. It is represented in most municipalities, and has the largest group of councillors in Nijmegen and Amsterdam. in opposition
 North Macedonia Demokratska Obnova na Makedonija 2 seats in the Assembly of North Macedonia unknown Not an EU member
 Norway Miljøpartiet De Grønne One MP sitting in opposition In coalition in Oslo and Trondheim, represented in other big cities in opposition
 Poland Partia Zieloni Extraparliamentary opposition Represented in the regional parliaments of Silesia and West Pomerania, and the city councils of Warsaw and Opole Extraparliamentary opposition
 Portugal Partido Ecologista Os Verdes Supporting the Socialist minority government in coalition in some municipalities (with Portuguese Communist Party) Extraparliamentary opposition
 Romania Green Party of Romania Extraparliamentary opposition unknown Extraparliamentary opposition
 Russia Zelenaya Alternativa (GROZA) unknown unknown Not an EU member
 Scotland Scottish Green Party With 6 MSPs, the party currently holds the balance of power in the Scottish Parliament. The party has 7 councillors in Glasgow and 8 in Edinburgh. Extraparliamentary opposition
 Slovakia Strana Zelených Extraparliamentary opposition unknown Extraparliamentary opposition Represented in parliament between 1990 and 2002
 Slovenia Stranka mladih Slovenije/Youth Party of Slovenia Extraparliamentary opposition unknown Extraparliamentary opposition
 Spain Equo 3 deputies elected under the banner of Unidos Podemos In coalition in Madrid, Zaragoza, Valencia, A Coruña, Santiago de Compostela in opposition
 Sweden Miljöpartiet de Gröna Junior party in coalition cabinet Represented in several municipalities, especially in urban areas. in opposition
  Switzerland Green Party of Switzerland in opposition Junior party in coalition cabinet in 7 cantons. Also in coalition in Bern, Geneva, Zurich, or Basel-City. Not an EU member
 Ukraine Partija Zelenych Ukrajiny/Party of Greens of Ukraine Extraparliamentary opposition unknown Not an EU member
 United Kingdom (EnglandWalesEngland and Wales) Green Party of England and Wales The party is represented in parliament by one MP and one life peer The party is in coalition in Stroud, and has large groups of councillors in Solihull, Bristol and Brighton and Hove. It also has 2 London AMs in opposition The party dominated the Brighton and Hove City Council between 2011 and 2015.

Observers and associate member parties[edit]

Tim Jackson, author of Prosperity Without Growth.
Country Name Government Notes
 Australia Federation for a Democratic China, Australia Extraparliamentary Opposition
 Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Greens Extraparliamentary Opposition
 Belarus Belarusian Party "The Greens" Extraparliamentary Opposition
 Bulgaria Zelenite/The Greens Extraparliamentary Opposition
 Costa Rica Cartago Green Party Extraparliamentary Opposition Represented at the local level
 Denmark Socialistisk Folkeparti in opposition in coalition 2011–14
 Dominican Republic Partido Verde Dominicano Extraparliamentary Opposition
 French Guiana Les Verts de Guyane Extraparliamentary Opposition
 Guatemala Partido Los Verdes de Guatemala unknown
   Nepal Hariyali Nepal Party Extraparliamentary Opposition
 Nicaragua Verdes en Alianza unknown
 Philippines Philippines Greens unknown
 Russia Green Russia Extraparliamentary Opposition
 Serbia Zeleni Srbije/Greens of Serbia Junior party in coalition cabinet
 Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Green Alliance Extraparliamentary Opposition

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Global Greens Secretariat established in Brussels, Europe". globalgreens.org. 25 March 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  2. ^ a b "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-10-20. Retrieved 2014-10-15.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
  3. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-10-31. Retrieved 2016-10-30.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
  4. ^ a b "WHO WE ARE". Global Greens. 2011-04-20. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  5. ^ "Global Green Party History Chronology - 1992". Global Greens. 2008-08-02. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  6. ^ "Final Statement of the First Planetary Meeting of Greens in Rio de Janeiro, 31 May 1992". Global Greens. 1992-05-31. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  7. ^ "Global Greens Charter". globalgreens.org. 15 December 2007. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  8. ^ "Global Greens Charter". Global Greens. 2007-12-15. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  9. ^ "Global Greens Coordination". Global Greens. 2009-05-28. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  10. ^ "Previous congresses". Global Greens. 2016-10-10. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  11. ^ "Friends of the Global Greens (FRoGG)". Global Greens. 2014-02-06. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  12. ^ "Global Greens LGBT+ Network". Global Greens LGBT+ Network. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  13. ^ "Parliamentarians Association (GGPA)". Global Greens. 2016-01-29. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  14. ^ "Women's Network (GGWN)". Global Greens. 2016-01-29. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  15. ^ "Global Young Greens (GYG)". Global Greens. 2016-01-29. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  16. ^ Tim Johnson, For Mexico's Ecologist Green Party, 'green' mostly means money, not environment, McClatchy Newspapers (June 18, 2012).
  17. ^ "18年來首次！綠黨攻下兩席市議員 – 政治 – 自由時報電子報". ltn.com.tw. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  18. ^ "Green MPs". Green Part of Aotearoa New Zealand. 2012. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
  19. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-01-14. Retrieved 2012-11-04.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
  20. ^ "Electoral Commission of Malta". Electoral.gov.mt. Retrieved 2016-05-26.

External links[edit]

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