Liberalism in South Korea
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This article gives an overview of liberalism in South Korea. It is limited to liberal democratic parties with substantial support, mainly proven by having had a representation in parliament.
Contents
Introduction[edit]
Note: the word liberal in South Korea is often used by conservative groupings (See New Right in South Korea), in the European fashion. (The Korean Liberty Party, the conservative party, uses "Liberty" as conservative Tea Partiers do in the United States.) Liberal parties (in the American sense of the term) tend to label themselves as "Democratic" or "Progressive" instead.
There has been a tradition of liberal parties since 1955, often organized around persons. Presently the Democratic Party of Korea, and the People's Party are the main successors of the liberal parties' tradition.
Liberal parties[edit]
The political party that once were ruling party are in bold.
Mainstream parties[edit]
- Christian Social Democratic Party → Korea Democratic Party (1945-1949)
- Democratic Nationalist Party (1949-1955)
- Democratic Party (1955–1961; Governing period: 1960-1961)
- New Democratic Party → Civil Rights Party → Civilian's Party (1960-1967; Governing period: 1961-1962)
- New Democratic Party (1967– 1980)
- Democratic Korea Party (1981-1988)
- Peace Democratic Party → New United Democratic Party (1987-1991)
- Democratic Party (1991–1995)
- Democratic Party → National Congress for New Politics (1995-2000; Governing period: 1998-2000)
- Millennium Democratic Party → Democratic Party (2000–2008; Governing period: 2000-2003)
- The People's Party for Freedom → Uri Party (2002–2007; Governing period: 2004-2007)
- United New Democratic Party (2007–2008)
- United Democratic Party → Democratic Party (2008–2011)
- Democratic United Party → Democratic Party (2011–2014)
- New Politics Alliance for Democracy → Minjoo Party → Democratic Party (since 2014; Governing period: since 2017)
- People's Party (2016-2018)
- Party for Democracy and Peace (since 2018)
- Peace and Justice (2018)
- Bareunmirae Party (since 2018)
Minor parties[edit]
- Democratic Party (1963-1965)
- Democratic Party (1990–1991)
- Democratic Party (1995–1997)
- The Participation Party (2010-2011)
- New Political Vision Party (2014)
- Minjoo Party (2014-2016)
Liberal presidents in South Korea[edit]
- Yun Bo-seon (1960-1962)
- Kim Dae-jung (1998-2003)
- Roh Moo-hyun (2003-2008)
- Moon Jae-in (2017-)
Major liberal parties election results of South Korea[edit]
Presidential elections[edit]
Legislative elections[edit]
Election | Total seats won | Total votes | Share of votes | Outcome of election | Status | Election leader | Party Name |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1948 | 29 / 200
|
916,322 | 13.5% | new 29 seats; Minority | in opposition | Kim Seong-su | Korea Democratic Party |
1950 | 24 / 210
|
683,910 | 9.8% | new 24 seats; Minority | in opposition | Shin Ik-hee | Democratic National Party |
1954 | 15 / 203
|
593,499 | 7.9% | 29 seats; Minority | in opposition | Shin Ik-hee | Democratic National Party |
1958 | 79 / 233
|
2,914,049 | 34.0% | new 79 seats; Minority | in opposition | Chough Pyung-ok | Democratic Party (1955) |
1960 | 175 / 233
|
3,786,401 | 41.7% | 96 seats; Majority | in government | Chough Pyung-ok | Democratic Party (1955) |
1963 | 41 / 175
|
1,870,976 | 20.1% | new 41 seats; Minority | in opposition | Yun Bo-seon | Civil Rule Party |
14 / 175
|
1,264,285 | 13.6% | new 14 seats; Minority | in opposition | Park Soon-cheon | Democratic Party (1963) | |
1967 | 45 / 175
|
3,554,224 | 32.7% | new 45 seats; Minority | in opposition | Yu Jin-o | New Democratic Party |
1971 | 89 / 204
|
4,969,050 | 44.4% | 44 seats; Minority | in opposition | Kim Hong-il | New Democratic Party |
1973 | 52 / 219
|
3,577,300 | 32.5% | 37 seats; Minority | in opposition | Yu Chin-san | New Democratic Party |
1978 | 61 / 231
|
4,861,204 | 32.8% | 9 seats; Minority | in opposition | Yi Cheol-seung | New Democratic Party |
1981 | 81 / 276
|
3,495,829 | 21.6% | new 81 seats; Minority | in opposition | Lee Man-sup | Democratic Korea Party |
1988 | 70 / 299
|
3,783,279 | 19.3% | new 70 seats; in Coalition (PPD-DRP-NDRP) | in opposition | Lee Min-woo | Party for Peace and Democracy |
1992 | 97 / 299
|
6,004,577 | 29.2% | new 97 seats; Minority | in opposition | Kim Dae-jung | Democratic Party (1991) |
1996 | 79 / 299
|
4,971,961 | 25.3% | new 79 seats; in Coalition (NCNP-ULD-Democrats) | in opposition (1996-1998) | Kim Dae-jung | National Congress for New Politics |
in government (1998-2000) | |||||||
2000 | 115 / 299
|
6,780,625 | 35.9% | new 115 seats; in Coalition (MDP-ULD-DPP) | in government | Kim Dae-jung | Millennium Democratic Party |
2004 | 152 / 299
|
8,145,824 | 38.3% | new 152 seats; Majority | in government | Chung Dong-young | Uri Party |
9 / 299
|
1,510,178 | 7.1% | 53 seats; Minority | in government | Choug Soon-hyung | Millennium Democratic Party | |
2008 | 81 / 299
|
4,313,111 | 25.1% | new 81 seats; Minority | in opposition | Son Hak-gyu | United Democratic Party |
2012 | 127 / 300
|
7,777,123 | 36.5% | new 127 seats; Minority | in opposition | Han Myeong-sook | Democratic United Party |
2016 | 123 / 300
|
6,069,744 | 25.5% | new 123 seats; Plurality | in opposition (2016-2017) | Kim Chong-in | Minjoo Party |
in government (2017-) | |||||||
38 / 300
|
6,355,572 | 26.7% | new 38 seats; Minority | in opposition | Ahn Cheol-soo | People's Party |
Local elections[edit]
Election | Metropolitan mayor/Governor | Provincial legislature | Municipal mayor | Municipal legislature | Party Name |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1995 | 4 / 15
|
353 / 875
|
84 / 230
|
Democratic Party (1991) | |
1998 | 6 / 16
|
271 / 616
|
84 / 232
|
National Congress for New Politics | |
0 / 16
|
0 / 616
|
1 / 232
|
New People Party | ||
2002 | 4 / 16
|
33 / 682
|
16 / 227
|
Millennium Democratic Party | |
2006 | 1 / 16
|
52 / 733
|
19 / 230
|
630 / 2,888
|
Uri Party |
2 / 16
|
80 / 733
|
20 / 230
|
276 / 2,888
|
Democratic Party (2005) | |
2010 | 8 / 16
|
360 / 761
|
92 / 228
|
1,025 / 2,888
|
Democratic Party (2008) |
2014 | 9 / 17
|
349 / 789
|
80 / 226
|
1,157 / 2,898
|
New Politics Alliance for Democracy |
2018 | 14 / 17
|
647 / 824
|
151 / 226
|
1,638 / 2,927
|
Democratic Party of Korea |
See also[edit]
- History of South Korea
- Politics of South Korea
- Conservatism in South Korea
- Progressivism in South Korea
- List of political parties in South Korea
- Minjudang
References[edit]