Pierre, South Dakota
| Pierre čhúŋkaške |
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|---|---|
| City | |
| Pierre, South Dakota | |
The South Dakota State Capitol building near the Missouri River in downtown Pierre.
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| Motto: "On The River-On The Move" | |
 Location in Hughes County and the state of South Dakota |
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 Pierre
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| Coordinates: 44°22′5″N 100°20′11″W / 44.36806°N 100.33639°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | South Dakota |
| County | Hughes |
| Founded | 1880 |
| Incorporated | 1883[1] |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Laurie Gill |
| Area[2] | |
| • Total | 13.07 sq mi (33.85 km2) |
| • Land | 13.06 sq mi (33.83 km2) |
| • Water | 0.01 sq mi (0.03 km2) 0.08% |
| Elevation | 1,453 ft (442 m) |
| Population (2010)[3] | |
| • Total | 13,646 |
| • Estimate (2015)[4] | 14,002 |
| • Density | 1,044.9/sq mi (403.4/km2) |
| Time zone | Central (UTC-6) |
| • Summer (DST) | Central (UTC-5) |
| ZIP code | 57501 |
| Area code(s) | 605 |
| FIPS code | 46-49600 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1266887[5] |
| Website | City of Pierre |
Pierre (/ˈpɪər/ PEER)[6] (Lakota: čhúŋkaške;[7] "fort") is the capital of the state of South Dakota and the county seat of Hughes County.[8] The population was 13,646 at the 2010 census, making it the second least populous state capital after Montpelier, Vermont. Founded in 1880 on the Missouri River opposite Fort Pierre, Pierre has been the capital since South Dakota gained statehood on November 2, 1889. It was chosen for its location in the geographic center of the state. Fort Pierre itself was named after Pierre Chouteau, Jr., an American fur trader from St. Louis, Missouri who was of colonial French origin.
Pierre is the principal city of the Pierre Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Hughes and Stanley counties.
Contents
Geography[edit]
Pierre is located at 44°22′5″N 100°20′11″W / 44.36806°N 100.33639°W (44.367966, −100.336378).[9]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 13.07 square miles (33.85 km2), of which, 13.06 square miles (33.83 km2) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km2) is water.[2]
Pierre lies on rough river bluffs overlooking the Missouri River. It is a few miles away from Lake Oahe, one of the largest man made lakes in the world and a very popular fishing destination.
Climate[edit]
Pierre has a relatively dry, four-season, humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa),[10] with long, dry, cold winters, hot summers, and brief spring and autumnal transitions; as with much of the southern half of the state, it lies in USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 5.[11] The monthly daily average temperature ranges from 19.9 °F (−6.7 °C) in January to 75.4 °F (24.1 °C), though the diurnal temperature variation is significantly greater during summer than in winter. Snow primarily falls in light amounts, with the snowiest months being February and March, while the average seasonal total is 32 inches (0.81 m). In addition, there are 20 nights per year with lows below 0 °F (−17.8 °C),[12] and cold conditions are often intensified by the high winds of the Great Plains. Summers often see spikes in temperature, with 6.4 days of highs above 100 °F (37.8 °C) and 36−37 days with highs above 90 °F (32.2 °C).[12]
The beginning of both May and October represent the last and first, respectively, freezing nights of the cooler season.[12] Precipitation is much lighter in the winter months than it is in late spring and summer, and totals about 20 inches (508 mm) annually. Extremes have ranged from −35 °F (−37 °C) on February 9, 1994 to 117 °F (47 °C) on July 15, 2006.
| Climate data for Pierre, South Dakota (Pierre Regional Airport), 1981−2010 normals | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 68 (20) |
75 (24) |
88 (31) |
98 (37) |
105 (41) |
112 (44) |
117 (47) |
114 (46) |
108 (42) |
98 (37) |
87 (31) |
77 (25) |
117 (47) |
| Average high °F (°C) | 30.0 (−1.1) |
34.9 (1.6) |
45.4 (7.4) |
59.7 (15.4) |
70.2 (21.2) |
80.0 (26.7) |
88.8 (31.6) |
87.3 (30.7) |
76.5 (24.7) |
61.0 (16.1) |
44.1 (6.7) |
31.3 (−0.4) |
59.1 (15.1) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 9.8 (−12.3) |
13.8 (−10.1) |
23.5 (−4.7) |
34.2 (1.2) |
45.7 (7.6) |
55.4 (13) |
61.9 (16.6) |
60.1 (15.6) |
49.2 (9.6) |
36.4 (2.4) |
23.3 (−4.8) |
12.1 (−11.1) |
35.6 (2) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −33 (−36) |
−35 (−37) |
−19 (−28) |
1 (−17) |
21 (−6) |
34 (1) |
42 (6) |
39 (4) |
21 (−6) |
4 (−16) |
−18 (−28) |
−31 (−35) |
−35 (−37) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | .42 (10.7) |
.59 (15) |
1.23 (31.2) |
1.81 (46) |
3.15 (80) |
3.57 (90.7) |
2.61 (66.3) |
1.80 (45.7) |
1.87 (47.5) |
1.65 (41.9) |
.76 (19.3) |
.55 (14) |
20.01 (508.3) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 5.4 (13.7) |
6.0 (15.2) |
5.8 (14.7) |
3.5 (8.9) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
.9 (2.3) |
4.8 (12.2) |
4.8 (12.2) |
31.3 (79.5) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 5.7 | 4.7 | 6.3 | 8.2 | 10.2 | 10.7 | 9.2 | 7.4 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 87.7 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 5.1 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 1.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | .6 | 3.1 | 4.3 | 22.3 |
| Source: NOAA (extremes 1933–present)[12][13] | |||||||||||||
Demographics[edit]
| Historical population | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1890 | 3,235 | — | |
| 1900 | 2,306 | −28.7% | |
| 1910 | 3,656 | 58.5% | |
| 1920 | 3,209 | −12.2% | |
| 1930 | 3,659 | 14.0% | |
| 1940 | 4,322 | 18.1% | |
| 1950 | 5,715 | 32.2% | |
| 1960 | 10,088 | 76.5% | |
| 1970 | 9,699 | −3.9% | |
| 1980 | 11,973 | 23.4% | |
| 1990 | 12,906 | 7.8% | |
| 2000 | 13,876 | 7.5% | |
| 2010 | 13,646 | −1.7% | |
| Est. 2015 | 14,002 | [14] | 2.6% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[15] 2015 Estimate[4] |
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2010 census[edit]
As of the census[3] of 2010, there were 13,646 people, 5,778 households, and 3,463 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,044.9 inhabitants per square mile (403.4/km2). There were 6,159 housing units at an average density of 471.6 per square mile (182.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 85.1% White, 0.5% African American, 10.9% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of the population.
There were 5,778 households of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.7% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.1% were non-families. 35.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 11% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.87.
The median age in the city was 39.3 years. 22.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.7% were from 25 to 44; 28.9% were from 45 to 64; and 13.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.8% male and 52.2% female.
2000 census[edit]
As of the census of 2000, there were 13,876 people, 5,567 households, and 3,574 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,065.8 people per square mile (411.5/km²). There were 5,949 housing units at an average density of 457.0 per square mile (176.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 88.91% White, 0.20% African American, 8.56% Native American, 0.46% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.29% from other races, and 1.56% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 1.25% of the population.
There were 5,567 households, out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.6% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.8% were non-families. 31.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35, and the average family size was 2.96.
In the city the population was spread out, with 27.2% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.4 males.
As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $42,962, and the median income for a family was $52,144. Males had a median income of $32,969 versus $22,865 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,462. About 5.5% of families and 7.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.9% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.
Transportation[edit]
Great Lakes Airlines serves Pierre Regional Airport non-stop flights to Denver and Minneapolis–Saint Paul.
Public Transit is provided by River Cities Public Transit. With Local Shared Taxi program and regional bus service is provided.
The nearest Interstate highway is Interstate 90, which is about 34 miles (55 km) south of Pierre via the four-lane U.S. Highway 83. Pierre is one of only four state capitals not served by an Interstate highway; Dover, Delaware; Jefferson City, Missouri; and Juneau, Alaska, are the other three state capitals with this distinction. Pierre is also the only state capital not served by any expressway.[16]
I-390 is proposed to connect Pierre to I-90.[citation needed]
Education[edit]
The Pierre School District oversees three elementary schools, a middle school and a high school, T. F. Riggs High School. The only private school is St. Joseph, a Catholic elementary school administered by the local parish and the Diocese of Sioux Falls.
Media[edit]
AM radio[edit]
| AM radio stations | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency | Call sign | Name | Format | Owner | City |
| 1060 AM | KGFX | Classic Country/News/Talk | Dakota Radio Group | Pierre | |
| 1240 AM | KCCR | Adult contemporary News/Talk Sports Talk | Riverfront Broadcasting LLC | Pierre | |
FM radio[edit]
| FM radio stations | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency | Call sign | Name | Format | Owner | Target city/market | City of license |
| 89.1 FM | KVFL | VCY America | Christian | VCY America | Pierre | Pierre |
| 89.5 FM | K208FM | Moody Radio | Christian WJSO translator |
Moody Bible Institute | Pierre | Pierre |
| 90.3 FM | KSLP | Power 107.3 | Contemporary Christian KSLT translator |
Bethesda Christian Broadcasting | Pierre | Fort Pierre |
| 91.7 FM | KTSD | South Dakota Public Broadcasting | NPR | SD Board of Directors for Educational Telecommunications | Pierre | Reliance |
| 92.7 FM | KGFX-FM | River 92.7 | CHR | Dakota Radio Group | Pierre | Pierre |
| 94.5 FM | KPLO-FM | 94 Country | Country | Dakota Radio Group | Pierre | Reliance |
| 95.3 FM | KLXS | Country 95.3 | Country | Riverfront Broadcasting LLC | Pierre | Pierre |
| 96.1 FM | K241AF | South Dakota Public Broadcasting | NPR | SD Board of Directors for Educational Telecommunications | Pierre | Pierre |
| 97.9 FM | K250AP | Pierre's Good News Station | Christian KPGN-LP translator |
Pierre Educational Radio, Inc | Pierre | Pierre |
| 100.1 FM | KJBI | 100.1 The Eagle | Classic Hits | Dakota Radio Group | Pierre | Fort Pierre |
| 100.5 FM | KPLO-FM | 94 Country | Country | Dakota Radio Group | Pierre | Fort Pierre |
| 104.7 FM | KPGN-LP | Pierre's Good News Station | Christian | Pierre Educational Radio, Inc | Pierre | Pierre |
| 107.1 FM | K250AP | Country/News/Talk | Dakota Radio Group | Pierre | Pierre | |
Television[edit]
Pierre is part of the Sioux Falls television market; all of the city's commercial stations are satellites of Sioux Falls stations.
- KPRY-TV Ch. 4 (ABC, satellite of KSFY-TV, Sioux Falls)
- KTSD-TV Ch. 10 (PBS/South Dakota Public Television)
- KPLO-TV Ch. 13 (CBS, satellite of KELO-TV, Sioux Falls)
- KDLV-TV Ch. 26 (NBC, satellite of KDLT-TV, Sioux Falls)
- OaheTV Ch. 8 Local PEG Cable Channel
The Capital Journal is the local newspaper. OaheTV is the local Public/Education/Government cable channel serving Pierre, Fort Pierre on Midcontinent Communications Cable
Notable people[edit]
- Floyd Bannister, pitcher in Major League Baseball
- Joseph Bottum, writer
- Tom Brokaw, television journalist and author
- Rex Robbins, actor
- Mike Rounds, politician, former Governor of South Dakota and junior Senator from South Dakota
In popular culture[edit]
In 2015, in honor of the game's 80th birthday, Hasbro held an online vote in order to determine which cities would make it into an updated version of the Monopoly Here and Now: The US Edition of the game. The top Boardwalk spot went to an unexpected contender: Pierre. It got the highest number of votes, beating out cities like New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Boston.[17][18] The picture, which accompanied the name of the city, was of Mt. Rushmore even though the sculpture is in Keystone, SD, which is just over 150 miles away from Pierre.[19]
Pierre is home to many attractions including the Oahe Dam and the World's largest Menards.[20]
Photo gallery[edit]
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The Capital City Queen is a passenger leisure boat on the Pierre waterways.
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Many of Pierre's parks lie along the Missouri River.
References[edit]
- ^ William D. Halsey, ed. (1976). "Pierre". Collier's Encyclopedia 19. New York: Macmillan Educational Corporation. pp. 42–43.
- ^ a b "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-06-21.
- ^ a b "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-06-21.
- ^ a b "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 7, 2016.
- ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ "Broadcast Pronunciation Guide and South Dakota Pronunciations". Associated Press. Retrieved 2009-11-10.
- ^ Ullrich, Jan F. (2014). New Lakota Dictionary (2nd ed.). Bloomington, IN: Lakota Language Consortium. ISBN 978-0-9761082-9-0.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
- ^ Peel, M. C., Finlayson, B. L., and McMahon, T. A.: Updated American map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 1633–1644, 2007.
- ^ "What is my arborday.org Hardiness Zone?". Retrieved 9 April 2016.
- ^ a b c d "Station Name: SD PIERRE RGNL AP". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
- ^ National Weather Service Corporate Image Web Team. "National Weather Service Climate". Retrieved 9 April 2016.
- ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved June 7, 2016.
- ^ United States Census Bureau. "Census of Population and Housing". Retrieved February 2, 2014.
- ^ "Interstate Highway Fact Sheet" (PDF). American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 10, 2008. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
- ^ Burbach, Kevin (March 19, 2015). "Pierre Gets Top Spot on New Monopoly Game". Argus Leader. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
- ^ "Monopoly". BuzzFeed. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
- ^ "Distance between Pierre, SD and Keystone, SD". www.distance-cities.com. Retrieved 2016-06-09.
- ^ Lee.zion@capjounrnal.com, Lee Zion. "Big Menards opens". Capital Journal. Retrieved 2016-06-09.
External links[edit]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pierre, South Dakota. |
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Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Pierre. |
- Pierre Chamber of Commerce
- Pierre city government official web site
- Capital Journal local newspaper
- Rawlins Municipal Library
- River Cities Public Transit
- Pierre Chosen to replace Boardwalk on Monopoly
Coordinates: 44°22′05″N 100°20′11″W / 44.367966°N 100.336378°W
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