Independent Paralympians at the Paralympic Games
| Individual Paralympic Athletes at the Paralympics | |
|---|---|
 Flag of the International Paralympic Committee | |
| IPC code | IPA |
| Summer appearances | |
| Independent Paralympic Participants (1992) Individual Paralympic Athletes (2000) Independent Paralympic Athletes (2016) Paralympic Athletes from Russia at the 2018 Winter Paralympics | |
Athletes have competed as Independent Paralympians at the Paralympic Games for various reasons, including political transition, international sanctions, suspensions of National Paralympic Committees and compassion.
Contents
1992 Winter and Summer Paralympics[edit]
Independent Paralympic Participants at the Summer Paralympics was the name given to athletes from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia at the 1992 Summer Paralympics in Barcelona. Athletes from the parts of Yugoslavia still terming themselves "Yugoslavia" had competed as "Independent Olympic Participants" at the 1992 Summer Olympics, also hosted by Barcelona. They were not permitted to participate as "Yugoslavia", due to United Nations Security Council Resolution 757 placing sanctions on the country.[1]
In addition, 16 athletes competed as Independent Paralympic Participants at the 1992 Summer Paralympics winning eight medals.
| Medal | Name | Games | Sport | Event |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Gold |
Nada Vuksanovic | 1992 Barcelona | Athletics | Women's Discus B2 |
| Gold |
Ruzica Aleksov | 1992 Barcelona | Shooting | Mixed Air Pistol SH1>3 |
| Gold |
Branimir Jovanovski | 1992 Barcelona | Shooting | Mixed Air Pistol SH1 |
| Gold |
Nenad Krisanovic | 1992 Barcelona | Swimming | Men's 50 m Breaststroke SB2 |
 Silver |
Nada Vuksanovic | 1992 Barcelona | Athletics | Women's Shot put B2 |
| Silver |
Radomir Rakonjac | 1992 Barcelona | Shooting | Mixed Air Pistol SH1 |
| Silver |
Nenad Krisanovic | 1992 Barcelona | Swimming | Men's 50 m Butterfly S3-4 |
 Bronze |
Zlatko Kesler | 1992 Barcelona | Table tennis | Men's Singles 3 |
2000 Summer Paralympics[edit]
Two athletes competed as Individual Paralympic Athletes at the 2000 Summer Paralympics.
2016 Summer Paralympics[edit]
2018 Winter Paralympics[edit]
Russia is currently suspended by the International Paralympic Committee, so status remains unclear due to the state-sponsored doping program scandal.[2]
The Russian Paralympic Committee remains suspended from the Paralympic movement since 2016, due to the state-sponsored doping programme scandal, but the International Paralympic Committee has allowed athletes deemed clean to participate in five sports. They will compete under the Paralympic flag, and the Paralympic anthem will be used during ceremonies for those who win gold medals.[3]
Advantages and disadvantages[edit]
Support[edit]
Opposition[edit]
- November 2017, the president of Russia’s Olympic committee, Alexander Zhukov, warned even forcing the country to compete under a neutral flag would risk an athlete boycott.
- Russian President Vladimir Putin has said it would be "degrading" for its athletes to take part in the Winter Games as a neutral team and be denied their national flag and anthem.
See also[edit]
- List of flag bearers for Independent Paralympians at the Paralympics
- Independent Olympians at the Olympic Games
References[edit]
Citations[edit]
- ^ "Countries and Nationalities at the Olympics" Archived 2010-02-07 at the Wayback Machine, Sports Reference
- ^ "With one year until 2018 Winter Games, Russia's status murky". 2017-02-09.
- ^ "Neutral Paralympic Athletes to compete at PyeongChang 2018", International Paralympic Committee, 29 January 2018
Sources[edit]
- Espy, Richard (1981). The Politics of the Olympic Games: With an Epilogue, 1976-1980. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520043954. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
