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Stroke: systems of care and rehabilitation

The Lancet

Published: October 29, 2020

Stroke, the third leading cause of death and disability, requires timely delivery of best-practice care to improve patient outcomes. In high-income countries, major developments have streamlined systems of care and improved the speed of recognition, response, triage, and delivery of acute treatments. In low-income and middle-income countries, despite disparities in wealth, education, baseline health indicators, and funding of health-care expenditures, stroke services can be improved with a few adaptations and infrastructural remodelling. This three-part series discusses various aspects of stroke care, challenges, and opportunities for improvement of systems of care and highlights approaches for rapid uptake of evidence-based practice for rehabilitation. Finally, a call to action urges educators and the stroke rehabilitation clinical, research, and not-for-profit communities to work together for greater effect and to accelerate progress.

GODONG/BSIP/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Malaria in early life

The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

Published: October 13, 2020

Malaria infections are harmful to both the pregnant mother and the developing fetus. Malaria is associated with a 3–4 times increased risk of miscarriage and a substantially increased risk of stillbirth, and it disproportionately affects children younger than 5 years. Falciparum malaria is responsible for more than 200 000 child deaths per year in Africa and vivax malaria causes excess mortality in children in Asia and Oceania. In a duet of papers, we review the deleterious effects of malaria in pregnancy on the developing fetus (paper 1) and the current strategies for prevention and treatment of malaria in children (paper 2).

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Shaniah Barry/EveryLife Foundation

Delivering transformative action in paediatric pain

The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

Published: October 14, 2020

Every infant, child, and adolescent will experience pain at times throughout their life. Paediatric pain ranges from acute to chronic, and includes procedural, disease-related, breakthrough, and other types of pain. Despite its ubiquity, pain is often silenced and appropriate relief too infrequently given. Undertreated, unrecognised, or poorly managed pain in young people can have long-lasting negative consequences in later life, including continued chronic pain, disability, and distress. It is time for change. This Lancet Child & Adolescent Health Commission presents four transformative goals—to make pain matter, understood, visible, and better. It sets out priorities for clinicians, researchers, funders, and policy makers, and calls for cross-sector collaboration to deliver the action needed to improve the lives of children and adolescents with pain.

Tommy Trenchard/Sightsavers/Panos

The Lancet NCDI Poverty Commission: bridging a gap in universal health coverage for the poorest billion

The Lancet

Published: September 14, 2020

Leading global health and development institutions continue to view non-communicable diseases (NCDs) predominantly through the lens of epidemiological transitions, wherein NCDs are best understood in terms of ageing, urbanisation, lifestyle choices, and affluence. This narrow framing is expressed through the so-called 5 x 5 model, favoured by WHO, of five diseases (cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, and mental ill-health) and five risk factors (tobacco use, unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, harmful use of alcohol, and air pollution), and is enshrined in Sustainable Development Goals target 3.4 on reducing NCD mortality.

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