Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec

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The following is a timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec:

2020[edit]

February[edit]

February 27 — The province of Quebec confirms its first case of COVID-19. The patient is a 41-year-old woman who had returned to Montreal from Iran three days earlier on a flight from Doha, Qatar.[1][2][3]

March[edit]

March 3 — Quebec's first COVID-19 patient is transferred to the Jewish General Hospital and released the next day.[4][5]

March 12 — With 17 cases now confirmed,[6] Premier François Legault announces that the province will ban indoor gatherings of more than 250 people, and that government workers, health care professionals, and teachers returning from international travel will be required to self-isolate for 14 days upon arrival. He also advises residents who are experiencing flu-like symptoms, or who have recently returned from international travel, to self-isolate.[6][7]

March 13 — Following the announcement of restrictions on public gatherings by Premier Legault, precautionary cancellations of public events and facilities begin to emerge province-wide.[8][9][10][11][12][13][14]

March 14 — Premier Legault officially declares a public health emergency, lasting at least ten days. This measure grants him powers under the Public Health Act to enforce mitigation measures.[15][16] He also announces that the province will prohibit visits to hospitals and long-term care facilities. Citizens over the age of 70 should avoid leaving their homes.[17][15]

March 15 — Premier Legault orders the closure of various recreational and entertainment venues, including, but not limited to, bars, cinemas, gyms, pools, and ski hills. Restaurants were also ordered to reduce their capacity by half and enforce physical distancing.[18][19] Frustrated by the inaction of the federal government, the public health director and the Mayor of Montreal, Valérie Plante, dispatches employees to Montréal–Trudeau International Airport to advise travellers arriving from international destinations to self-isolate for 14 days.[20]

March 19 — Minister of Health and Social Services Danielle McCann suspends orders made by the Court of Quebec that allowed children under the Director of Youth Protection (CDPDJ) to maintain physical contact with their biological parents.[21] On the same day, it was announced that Quebec residents in isolation or quarantine who are not covered by any benefits may apply for $573 per week of financial aid for a maximum of 14 days.[22] The government also announces that it will extend the income tax filing deadline, and inject $2.5 billion into companies suffering liquidity problems due to the pandemic. Quebec citizens are asked not to travel between regions.[23] Physical distancing measures increased residential electricity demand by 2.3% and lowered commercial demand by 3.1% from March 13 to March 19, according to an Hydro-Québec spokesman.[24]

March 20 — The government extends Quebec's public health emergency for at least 10 more days.[25] Indoor gatherings are prohibited and outdoor gatherings are allowed as long as a distance of two metres is kept between participants.[26]

March 21 — The Société des alcools du Québec (SAQ) announces that its stores will begin closing on Sundays.[27]

March 22 — The Quebec government announces the closure of all shopping malls and hair and beauty salons. Grocery stores, pharmacies, and SAQ stores will remain open, as well as stores that are accessible by an exterior entrance. All restaurants must close dining-room service, while take-out service can continue. Schools and daycares are to remain closed until at least May 1.

March 23 — Premier Legault orders the closure of all non-essential businesses beginning at midnight on March 24, until at least April 13.[28]

March 28 — Travel within the province is restricted. Only essential travel into Bas-Saint-Laurent, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Côte-Nord, Nord-du-Québec, Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Nunavik, and Terres-Cries-de-la-Baie-James are permitted. Police checkpoints are announced to enforce this measure.[29]

March 29 — The state of emergency is extended.[30]

March 31 — Legault orders all essential businesses (excluding restaurants, gas stations, and dépanneurs) to close on Sundays until further notice in order to provide a day of rest for employees.[31]

April[edit]

Temporary COVID-19 testing site in Montreal's Quartier des spectacles

April 1 — Intra-provincial travel is further restricted to include non-essential movement in four new regions: Outaouais, the territories and municipalities of Antoine-Labelle and Argenteuil in the Laurentides region, the territories of Autray, Joliette, Matawinie and Montcalm in the Lanaudière region, and l'agglomération de La Tuque in the Mauricie et Centre-du-Québec region.[32]

April 2 — Legault announces that provincial and municipal police officers will enforce emergency measures against individuals and businesses. Individuals and businesses who do not respect the public health directives can be fined $1,000 to $6,000 by the police.[33]

April 4 — The Quebec government grants the national public health director and any health director the authority to order a person to self-isolate for a maximum period of 14 days without a court order if the person does not consent to voluntarily self-isolate.[34]

April 5 — Quebec extends its public health emergency and all associated closures to at least May 4.[35]

April 7 — The state of emergency is extended and the city of Montreal announces the cancellation of all summer festivals and events until July 2. Furthermore, Quebec announces the containment of Notre-Dame-des-Sept-Douleurs in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region, which was then closed off from the rest of the province. No one could leave or enter the region unless they fell within the exception.[36]

Quebec releases a model projecting that the province will see as few as 1,263 to as many as 8,860 deaths from COVID-19 by the end of the month, depending on the epidemic curve.[37]

April 10 — The Quebec government announces that all festivals, sporting events and cultural events are cancelled until August 31.[38][39]

April 13 — Legault announces that residential construction slated for completion by July 31 will be re-classified as an essential service, arguing that the province "[doesn't] want to add a housing crisis on top of the current crisis."[40]

April 15 — The state of emergency is extended until April 24.[41]

April 22 — The state of emergency is extended until April 29.[42]

April 24 — Premier Legault states that "outside of the senior residences, distancing measures are working," and announces plans to unveil strategies for phasing out the province's current restrictions on commerce and reopening schools. He notes that the province will have to ensure that they are able to "restart the economy without restarting the pandemic."[43]

April 27 — The Quebec government announces that preschools and elementary schools outside the Metropolitan Community of Montreal (CMM) can reopen on May 11, preparing a possible return to work for their parents.[44] Meanwhile, secondary schools, CÉGEPS and universities are expected to remain closed until September, i.e. until the start of the next school year.

April 28 — The Quebec government announces that retail stores outside of the Montreal region with exterior operating doors will be allowed to reopen from May 4 onwards. Retail stores within the Montreal region are allowed to reopen a week later on May 11.[45]

April 29 — The Quebec government announces that regional travel restrictions will be lifted on May 4.[46] However, the state of emergency is extended once more.[47]

May[edit]

May 6 — The state of emergency is extended until May 13.[48]

May 13 — The state of emergency is extended until May 20.[49]

May 19 — The Quebec government orders that the suspension be lifted with regard to work environments that offer outdoor, recreational or individual sports activities to the public, sports activities to the public, contact-free, conducted outside and in an unstructured manner.[50]

May 20 — The state of emergency is extended until May 27.[51]

May 22 — Groups of at most 10 people are permitted to gather outside. It is recommended, but not required, that they be from at most three different households.[52][53]

May 27 — The reopening of facilities including private health offices, pet grooming services, personal and beauty care, museums, public libraries and camping sites outside of Greater Montreal Area is announced alongside an additional extension to the state of emergency.[54]

May 30 — The suspension on the activities of municipal outdoor pools, wading pools and playground equipment, including splash pads, is lifted.[55]

June[edit]

Pedestrianization of Wellington Street in Verdun, Montreal, during the summer in order to allow for social distancing

June 24 — Due to relative decreases in the rate of new cases, new health minister Christian Dubé (who assumed the post as part of a cabinet shuffle) announces plans to release new case numbers weekly beginning June 26, rather than daily. The move faced criticism (including from Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, who urged the Premier to continue being "transparent and open" in its data), leading the province to backtrack and continue releasing numbers daily. Quebec's Director of Public Health Horacio Arruda stated that the he had misjudged how the public would react to the change, and that he did not mind continuing with daily updates.[56]

July[edit]

July 17 — Quebec retroactively changes its methodology for determining recoveries, stating that its previous method, which did not consider non-hospitalized cases to be recoveries unless proof of their recovery was received, had "significantly underestimated" the total count, and was inconsistent with methodologies used in other provinces. This led to a one-time addition of 23,686 recoveries, and the reduction of active cases from 27,603 to 1,556.[57]

July 18 — Masks become mandatory in closed public spaces for everyone over the age of 12. Businesses can be fined up to $6,000 if they allow customers to violate this health order. Quebec becomes the first Canadian province to enact such an order.[58]

August[edit]

August 26 — Legault and other officials rule out the adoption of the national COVID Alert Exposure Notification app in the province for the moment, citing privacy concerns and existing contact tracing capabilities. Legault also expresses an objection to using software primarily developed in Ontario, as Montreal is "one of the best centres in the world" for artificial intelligence development.[59]

September[edit]

September 8 — The Mayor of Longueil, Sylvie Parent, tests positive for COVID-19.[60]

September 28 — Amid a major spike in cases in Greater Montreal, Quebec City, and Chaudière-Appalaches, Premier Legault announces that restrictions will be instated in multiple areas of the province (under a Level 4 "red" alert under the regional alert and intervention system) effective midnight on October 1, including restrictions on private gatherings and certain lines of high-risk businesses (particularly dine-in restaurants, bars, and casinos).[61]

September 30 — Quebec gives police the legal powers "to enter homes quickly to stop gatherings during COVID-19". Police officers "will be able to obtain warrants faster through a new, virtual system that was established in collaboration with the Crown... Normally the process for obtaining a warrant can take a day or two, but that won't work when police want to break up parties that very same evening," said Premier Legault. Public Security Minister Geneviève Guilbault said "We had to give the police the means to intervene." She said that the right to peaceful protest "without masks cannot be tolerated" and she is not ruling out using force to disperse protests if needed. "Eventually, we will cross that bridge when we get there," she said.[62]

October[edit]

October 1 — Quebec reverses its earlier objections and announces that it plans to join COVID Alert, with Dubé arguing that it would be quicker to adopt a platform that was already available than to commission one from local developers.[63]

October 5 — Quebec officially joins the COVID Alert app. Premier Legault emphasizes that the more people use the app, "the more successful we will be and the faster we can go back to a normal way of life."[64]

The government announces new measures for regions in red zones including closing gyms, prohibiting team sports, and requiring that high school students wear masks.[65]

October 6 — The province records 1,364 new cases, its largest increase to-date. Dubé emphasizes that residents must reduce social contacts and stay home in order to reduce the spread, stating that "I'm glad that we were ready because of the severity and speed of the second wave, but we cannot control how people react to the measures."[66]

November[edit]

November 19 — Premier Legault announces that restrictions will be loosened for Christmas. Specifically, private gatherings of up to 10 people would be permitted from December 24 to December 27.[67]

December[edit]

December 3 — The government rolls back their permissions on holiday gatherings in red zones due to a significant rise in cases and hospitalizations at the end of November, deviating from the relative stability of around 1,200 new cases per day that characterized the majority of the month. Consequently, holiday celebrations will be restricted to one's own family "bubble", defined as those who live at the same address.[68] An exception will be made for single-parent households and people who live alone, who are permitted to join one other family's bubble between December 17 and January 10, 2021.[69]

December 15 — In the face of the worsening second wave, the Quebec government orders the closure of non-essential stores from December 25 to January 11, 2021, the date on which other restrictions are also meant to be lifted. The opening of both elementary and high schools is delayed by a week, to January 11.[70]

December 29 — Two days before New Year's Eve, Quebec registers 2,870 cases, the highest since the beginning of the pandemic. Additionally, the first case of a COVID-19 variant in Quebec is confirmed.[71]

2021[edit]

January[edit]

An empty Jacques Cartier Bridge soon after curfew

January 6 — Faced with the ineffectiveness of current measures to curb the spread of the virus, Legault announces that the lockdown will be extended for another four weeks and a curfew from 8:00 p.m to 5:00 a.m will be in effect starting January 9. Essential stores will have to close by 7:30 p.m and those caught contravening the curfew could face fines of up to $6,000, with exceptions made for health emergencies and essential workers travelling for work reasons. People will also be able to walk their dog within a one kilometre radius of their house. Additionally, although elementary schools will open as planned on January 11, high schools will remain closed until January 18.[72][73] Legault defends the decision by saying that "the situation in our hospitals is critical, especially in Montreal. There are too many visits in homes."[74]

February[edit]

February 2 — Premier Legault announces that in response to the decline in cases, certain restrictions will be lifted starting on February 8. Notably, non-essential stores, hair salons and museums throughout the province will be able to reopen. Universities and CEGEPs will also have the opportunity to gradually return to in-person classes. In orange zones, which currently comprise about 10% of the Quebec population, the curfew will begin at 9:30 p.m instead of 8:00 p.m, and gyms and restaurants will be permitted to reopen.[75][76][77]

February 7 — Quebec's total death toll surpasses 10,000.[78]

February 9 — Quebec's first case of the South African variant is confirmed in the region of Abitibi-Témiscamingue.[79]

February 10 — Seven cases of the British variant are confirmed in Montreal, in addition to 2 cases of other variants. 35 suspected cases are under investigation.[80][81]

February 12 — The Quebec government says it is preparing to accelerate its use of the 2.6 million rapid COVID-19 tests sent by the federal government in October, as less than 1% had been used. The tests will be primarily used in places experiencing outbreaks, such as schools or businesses.[82]

February 16 — In preparation for Quebec's spring break (French: semaine de relâche) Premier Legault announces further deconfinement measures targeted at families with children, including the reopening of movie theatres, indoor pools, and other low-risk indoor sports activities.[83][84] However, Legault urges caution, as the semaine de relâche of 2020 is considered to have been one of the main exacerbating factors of Quebec's first wave.[85]

February 23 — Premier Legault announces that the next highest vaccination priority group—those who are 80 years of age and older in Montreal and those who are 85 years of age and older in the rest of Quebec—will begin to be vaccinated on March 1. Reservations will become available on February 25 by phone or online.[86][87]

March[edit]

March 1 — Vaccination of the general population begins in Montreal, starting with the 80-year-old and older cohort.[88] Montrealers in the next priority group, which includes those aged 70 to 79, become able to make reservations to get vaccinated.[89]

March 2 — Minister Dubé confirms that 350 pharmacies in Montreal will begin taking appointments for vaccinations on March 15, adding that the situation in Montreal with respect to the spread of the British variant is concerning.[90] The Director of the Vaccination Campaign Against COVID-19 in Quebec (French: directeur de la campagne de vaccination contre la COVID-19 au Québec), Daniel Paré, reveals that since February 25, there have been over 350,000 vaccination reservations made online.[91]

March 3 — Premier Legault announces that all regions of Quebec, except for the Greater Montreal region, will enter the orange zone on March 8.[92]

March 9 — Quebec confirms its first case of the Brazil variant.[93]

March 10 — Vaccination appointments become available province-wide for Quebecers 70 years of age and older.[94]

March 12 — Minister Isabelle Charest announces that indoor gyms and training facilities in red zones will be able to reopen on March 26. Outdoor group activities will be limited to eight people in red zones and to 12 people in orange zones.[95]

March 16 — Premier Legault announces several relaxations of restrictions, including that:

  • On March 17, the curfew in red zones will be pushed to 9:30 p.m.
  • On March 22, students in grades 9, 10, and 11 will be able to attend school full-time in-person in orange zones.
  • On March 26, the regions of Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Côte-Nord, and Nord-du-Québec will enter the yellow zone, wherein the curfew will be abolished.
  • On March 26, theatres and show venues in red zones can reopen.[96]

He also promises that by June 24, all Quebecers who wish to be vaccinated will have at least their first dose.[97]

March 17 — The curfew in red zones begins at 9:30 p.m. instead of 8:00 p.m.[96]

March 18 — The percentage of the province's population that has received at least one vaccine dose reaches 10%.[98] Quebec surpasses 300,000 total cases of COVID-19.[99]

March 22 — Quebec confirms its first case of the B.1.525 variant originating in Nigeria.[93]

March 26 — Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Côte-Nord, and Nord-du-Québec enter the yellow zone. Gyms, show venues, and theatres open in red zones.[100][96] Religious gatherings are increased to up to 250 people in all regions.[101] Meanwhile, the INSPQ releases its most recent COVID-19 modeling, finding that within the next week, the variants will become the dominant strain in Quebec.[102][103]

March 29 — Minister Dubé declares that Quebec is now in its third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.[104] Quebec suspends the use of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine in people under 55 years of age as a precautionary measure.[105]

April[edit]

April 1 — Amid a notable rise in cases, the regions of Bas-Saint-Laurent, Capitale-Nationale, Chaudière-Appalaches, and Outaouais re-enter the red zone. Special emergency measures go into effect in Quebec City, Lévis, and Gatineau until April 12, including a curfew at 8:00 p.m. and the closure of schools, gyms, non-essential businesses, cinemas, and dine-in restaurants.[106] More than 140 cases in Quebec City are linked to an outbreak at a gym.[107]

April 4 — Special emergency measures are extended to the regions of Beauce, Bellechasse, and Les Etchemins.[108]

April 8 — The easing of restrictions in red zones is rolled back as a "preventative" measure. Gyms are ordered to close, although other indoor sports facilities, like pools and ice rinks, can remain open. Religious gatherings are limited to 25 people, down from 100. In orange zones, religious gathering are reduced to 100 people from 250 and it becomes obligatory for children in elementary school to wear a mask.[109]

April 11 — The curfew in Montreal and Laval returns to 8:00 p.m., but remains at 9:30 p.m. for other regions in the red zone.[110]

April 12 — High school students in red zones return to a hybrid learning model, attending school in-person every second day. Extracurricular activities are also cancelled.[109]

April 13 — Premier Legault announces that the special emergency measures in place in the regions of Capitale-Nationale, Chaudière-Appalaches, and Outaouais will last an additional week, ending on April 25. In Chaudière-Appalaches and Outaouais, the measures will be extended to encompass the entire territory on April 14, rather than just Lévis and Gatineau. Côte-Nord re-enters the orange zone after an increase in cases. Legault reminds Quebecers that non-essential travel to the regions of Nord-du-Québec, Gaspésie—Îles-de-la-Madeleine, and Côte-Nord is still prohibited.[111]

April 14 — The percentage of the province's population that has received at least one vaccine dose reaches 25%.[98]

April 20 — Premier Legault extends the special emergency measures in place in the regions of Capitale-Nationale, Chaudière-Appalaches, and Outaouais until May 3.[112]

April 21 — The minimum age limit for the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine is lowered to 45.[113] The AstraZeneca vaccine will be made available for those within the age range by appointment or by drop-in.[112] Quebec's first case of the B.1.617 variant originating in India is confirmed in the Mauricie-Centre-du-Québec region.[114]

April 23 — Vaccination opens up for people with a chronic illness or an underlying health condition that increases their risk of COVID-19 complications.[115][116]

April 26 — Vaccination opens up for people with physical or intellectual disabilities, including those on the autism spectrum.[115][116]

April 27 — Premier Legault announces that elementary schools will reopen in Capitale-Nationale and Chaudière-Appalaches on May 3, except for the areas of Beauce-Etchemin and Bellechasse. Despite signs of improvement, Outaouais, meanwhile, will maintain all of its current restrictions, as its positivity rate is still nearly three times the provincial average of 2.9%. Additionally, the curfew in Montreal and Laval will be pushed to 9:30 p.m. on May 3.[117] In the same press conference, Dr. Horacio Arruda confirms that a woman from the region of Montérégie has died of a thrombosis linked to the AstraZeneca vaccine, a first in Canada.[118]

April 28 — Pregnant women become able to get vaccinated.[119]

April 29 — The Quebec government announces its vaccine schedule for adults under 60 years old, revealing that by May 14, everyone over 18 years old in Quebec should be able to get vaccinated.[120]

May[edit]

May 1 — Special emergency measures extend to the southern half of Bas-Saint-Laurent, including the areas of Kamouraska, Les Basques, Rimouski-Neigette, Rivière-du-Loup, and Témiscouata.[121]

May 3 — Elementary schools reopen in Capitale-Nationale and Chaudière-Appalaches, except for the areas of Beauce-Etchemin and Bellechasse. The curfew in Montreal and Laval begins at 9:30 p.m.[122]

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