COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia

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COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia
Program Imunisasi COVID-19 Kebangsaan（PICK）at M'sia.jpg
Date24 February 2021 (2021-02-24) – present
LocationMalaysia
Also known asEnglish:National COVID-19 Immunisation Programme, Malay:Program Imunisasi COVID-19 Kebangsaan
CauseCOVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia
TargetAt least 80% of people in Malaysia to against COVID-19
Organised byMinister of Health of Malaysia
Participants3,132,304 people have received at least one vaccine dose
(14 June 2021)
1,357,966 have been fully vaccinated (received both vaccine doses, 14 June 2021)
4,490,270 total vaccinated people (14 June 2021)
Websitewww.vaksincovid.gov.my/en/

The COVID-19 vaccination programme in Malaysia is a vaccination campaign that is currently being implemented by the Malaysian government as an approach in curbing the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and ending the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia by successfully achieving the herd immunity among its citizens and non-citizens that are residing in Malaysia.[1] Khairy Jamaluddin who is also Malaysia's Science, Technology and Innovation Minister (MOSTI), has been appointed as the Coordinating Minister for the immunization program after being approved by the Malaysian Cabinet.[2] The COVID-19 Vaccine Supply Access Guarantee Special Committee (JKJAV) co-chaired by Malaysia's Health Minister and Science, Technology and Innovation Minister was also established to ensure the procurement of COVID-19 vaccine supply for the country can be carried out in an orderly manner. The immunization program is currently being implemented in phases from 24 February 2021 to February 2022, and Malaysia's Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin became the first individual in Malaysia to receive the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine when it was broadcast live nationwide.[3]

Vaccines on order[edit]

Vaccine Doses ordered (mil)[4] Doses arrived (mil)[a] Approval Deployment Authorization
Pfizer–BioNTech 44.8 4.08 Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes Emergency/Conditional Approval [5]
Oxford–AstraZeneca 6.4 0.83 Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes Emergency/Conditional Approval [6]
Sinovac (CoronaVac) 12.4 3.69 Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes Emergency/Conditional Approval [7]
Cansino 3.5 (Estimated arrival in July 2021)[8] Green check.svg Yes Dark Red x.svg Not yet Emergency/Conditional Approval [9]
Johnson & Johnson[b] Green check.svg Yes Dark Red x.svg Not yet Emergency/Conditional Approval [9]
Novavax Pending Dark Red x.svg Not yet Pending [4]
Gamaleya 6.4[11] Pending Dark Red x.svg Not yet Pending [12]
Sinopharm[c] Pending Dark Red x.svg Not yet Pending [13]
Moderna[d] Pending Dark Red x.svg Not yet
Estimated September 2021 		Pending [15]

Vaccines in trial stage[edit]

Vaccine candidates, developers and sponsors Type (technology) Phase I Phase II Phase III Ref
ZF2001
Anhui Zhifei Longcom and Chinese Academy of Sciences 		Subunit Green check.svg Completed Green check.svg Completed Green check.svg Completed [16]
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences COVID-19 vaccine
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences 		Inactivated Green check.svg Completed Green check.svg Completed In progress [17]
KCONVAC
Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products 		Inactivated Green check.svg Completed Green check.svg Completed In progress [18]
Unnamed
Universiti Putra Malaysia and Institute of Medical Research Malaysia 		RNA Preclinical [19]

Phases[edit]

  • Phase 1: Heathcare workers and frontliners (February 26, 2021 to April 2021)
  • Phase 2: High-risk groups, including elderly people and comorbidities (April to August 2021)
  • Phase 3: Adults aged 18 and above (May 2021 to February 2022)[20]
  • Phase 4: Workers in critical industries: food, manufacturing, construction, retail, plantation, and hospitality (June 14, 2021)[21]

History[edit]

2020[edit]

In mid-March 2020, Malaysian Vaccines and Pharmaceuticals (MVP) Sdn Bhd reportedly pleaded for co-operation and support from the federal government, with its executive director claiming that their company faced multiple postponed meetings in an attempt to meet the health minister to request for a sample from the Institute of Medical Research (IMR) of Malaysia.[22] The IMR was set to begin testing existing local vaccines in collaboration with the MVP and University of Malaya's Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC) by 25 March. The local vaccine testing will be conducted in UM's TIDREC laboratory, which is one of Malaysia's modular biosafety level 3 (BSL3) facilities previously used to study highly pathogenic agents such as MERS coronavirus and Nipah virus with the vaccines to be firstly tested on the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), which is an avian coronavirus, as previous research shows that the IBV in poultry has high genetic similarity with the human coronavirus.[23][24]

On 6 October, the engineering company Bintai Kinden entered into a distribution and licensing agreement (DLA) with the American–based firm Generex Biotechnology Corp and its subsidiary NuGenerex Immuno-Oncology Inc to distribute their COVID-19 vaccine in Malaysia through its subsidiary Bintai Healthcare. The company will also have the first right of refusal to commercially exploit the vaccine within Australia, New Zealand and the global halal market.[25]

On 18 November, the Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation Khairy Jamaluddin signed an agreement with Chinese Science and Technology Minister Wang Zhigang for Malaysia to be given priority access to COVID-19 vaccines developed in China.[26]

On 19 December, Health Minister Dr Adham Baba confirmed that the Malaysian Government would be concluding an agreement with British pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca to purchase COVID-19 vaccines on 21 December 2020. This is the third agreement that the Malaysian Government had concluded with vaccine suppliers including COVAX and Pfizer to address the country's vaccine needs.[27]

On 22 December, the Malaysian Government signed an agreement with AstraZeneca to obtain an addition 6.4 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines, which account ten percent of the country's vaccine supply. Prime Minister Muhyiddin confirmed that Malaysia had secured 40% of its vaccine supply through joint agreements with COVAX, Pfizer, and AstraZeneca.[28]

2021[edit]

On 11 January 2021, the Health Ministry ordered an additional 12.2 million doses of the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in response to rising cases and the tightening of lockdown measures.[29]

On 26 January, the Health Ministry signed an agreement with local pharmaceutical companies Pharmaniaga Berhad and Duopharma to obtain 18.4 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines from China and Russia for distribution in Malaysia.[30]

On 27 January, Health Minister Dr. Adham Baba confirmed that launch of Malaysia's first COVID-19 vaccine trial. This vaccine trial involves the Phase 3 clinical trial of the Covid-19 vaccine developed by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences' Institute of Medical Biology.[31]

On 2 February, the Director-General of Health Noor Hisham Abdullah announced that Malaysia would receive its first batch of the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine on 26 February 2021, which will be distributed nationwide over a period of two weeks.[32]

On 4 February, minister of MOSTI, Khairy Jamaluddin was appointed as the Coordinating Minister for National COVID-19 Immunisation Program who led the Special Task Force to manage the implementation of the vaccination program.[33][34]

On 11 February, the Special Committee on Ensuring Access to Covid-19 Vaccine Supply announced that COVID-19 vaccines would be distributed freely to both Malaysians and foreigners residing in Malaysia. However, Malaysian nationals will receive priority.[35]

On 16 February, the Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation Khairy Jamaluddin confirmed that a MASKargo plane will transport the first shipment of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines to Malaysia on 21 February.[36]

On 23 February, Coordinating Minister for National Covid-19 Immunisation Programme Khairy Jamaluddin confirmed that it would receive its second batch of 182,520 doses of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines the following day. These will be distributed to states that have not yet received the vaccine.[37]

By 26 February, the Science, Technology and Innovation Minister Khairy Jamaluddin confirmed that a million people had registered for COVID-19 vaccines via the MySejahtera app.[38]

On 4 March 2021, the Special Committee on Ensuring Access to Covid-19 Vaccine Supply (JKJAV) confirmed that 80,336 Malaysians had received their first COVID-19 vaccine dose.[39]

On 15 March 2021, the Science, Technology and Innovation Minister Khairy Jamaluddin announced that Pfizer would be sending 1,000,350 doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines to Malaysia by the end of the month.[40] That same day, Jamaluddin confirmed that Malaysia would begin administering the CoronaVac vaccine on 18 March.[41]

On 29 March, the Science, Technology and Innovation Minister Khairy confirmed that the second phase of the national immunisation programme would begin on 19 April 2021 and target the elderly, disabled and those with comorbidities.[42]

On 1 April, Health Minister Adham Baba announced that the second phase of the National Covid-19 Immunisation Programme would start on 17 April 2021, two days ahead of the earlier scheduled date.[43]

On 9 April, Communications and Multimedia Minister Saifuddin Abdullah noted specific efforts to inform Orang Asli communities was intensifying, including through radio broadcasts.[44]

On 27 April, Health Minister Adham Baba announced that Malaysia would use the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine after health authorities approved its use following a thorough study of clinical assessment and data.[45] The following day, Malaysian health authorities removed the AstraZeneca vaccine from the country's mainstream vaccination programme due to public anxiety about its safety following reports of bloodclotting. The initial 268,600 initial doses will be redirected to Selangor and the federal territory of Kuala Lumpur.[46]

By 2 May, 905,683 people had received at least one dose of the Pfizer–BioNTech or Sinovac while 563,350 had received both doses of the vaccine.[47]

On 8 May, the Health Minister Adham Baba confirmed that a total of 666,495 individuals had completed both doses of the vaccine under the first phase of the National COVID-19 Immunisation Programme. He also confirmed that 1,060,773 million individuals had completed the first dose, bringing the total number of doses administered to 1,727,268. By 7 May, 9,924,276 individuals (roughly 40.9% of the Malaysian population) had registered for COVID-19 vaccination.[48]

On 23 May, Senior Minister (Security Cluster) Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that the Malaysian Government would be buying a total of 8.2 million doses of Sinovac vaccine by the end of June with 3.8 million of them being acquired through the "fill and finish" process by Pharmaniaga Life Science Sdn Bhd.[49]

On 26 May, the Health Ministry has opened registrations for AstraZenaca vaccines for 18-60 year old adults. In spite of technical errors, all of its 956,609 slots have been filled, and the registrations were closed within three hours. Internet users complained about glitches preventing them from securing their own appointment dates.[50][51]

On 27 May, Khairy Jamaluddin announced that AstraZenaca vaccines will be placed under the National COVID-19 Immunisation Programme, so it will only be given by appointments by the government instead of opt-in appointments.[52] Science Advisor Ghows Azzam, from the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation, also announced that the government has purchased an additional 12.8 million doses from Pfizer, starting with 2,223,000 doses arriving in June with 444,600 per week.[53]

On 5 June, Prime Minister Muhyiddin announced plans to ramp up vaccination including importing 16 million stocks of vaccines over the next two months and opening 300 new vaccine centres nationwide. By that stage, 7.2% of the population had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine.[54]

On 13 June, Datuk Seri Dr Adham Baba spoke that Malaysia is developing two homegrown vaccines. The first will be a ribonucleic acid or messenger vaccine, and the second is an inactivated vaccine.[55]

On 14 June, Khairy Jamaluddin has announced that Phase Four for the national vaccination programme has begun. It is focused on workers in "critical industries", such as food, manufacturing, retail, construction, plantation, and hospitality. It will be conducted with a vaccine delivery centre, coordinated by the International Trade and Industry Ministry, and vaccinations will begin on 16 June.[56] Workers will receive the vaccines for free, and their employers will pay for the purchase of the vaccines to their workplaces. Due to a surge in Covid-19 cases in Labuan, the government will also deliver 30,000 vaccines.[57]

On 15 June, Health director-general Noor Hisham Abdullah announces that single dose vaccines from Cansino and Johnson & Johnson were given conditional approval for public use. In addition, the Pfizer vaccine was also approved for used on persons 12 and above.[58][59]

On 20 June 2021, the Director-General of Health Noor Hisham Abdullah stated that Malaysia was expecting to achieve herd immunity status by November or December 2021. He also indicated the country's vaccination programme would be expanded. As of 20 June, less than 10 percent of Malaysians have been vaccinated.[60]

On 21 June, the coordinating minister for the National Covid-19 Immunisation Programme Khairy Jamaluddin confirmed that refugee communities in Malaysia would be inoculated with CanSino Biologics' Convidecia vaccine. The first shipment is due to arrive in late July 2021.[61]

Vaccination centres[edit]

PWTC is used as a vaccination center.

605 sites were first identified as Vaccination Adminstration Centres (VAC) to kick off the vaccination program. With temporary vaccine centres such as stadiums, convention centres, public halls, universities and other appropriate facilities were also included.[62][63]

To facilitate next phase of the vaccination program, private clinics were also included and functioning as vaccination centres.[64]

List of vaccines adminstration centres, as of 22 May 2021 [65]
State Hospital hubs Temporary vaccine centres Clinics Total
Perlis 1 1 0 2
Penang 6 5 0 11
Kedah 9 12 0 21
Perak 14 13 0 27
Kelantan 9 23 0 32
Terengganu 6 8 0 14
Pahang 16 16 21 53
Negeri Sembilan 8 8 31 47
Melaka 3 7 0 10
Johor 12 14 0 26
Sabah 23 6 0 29
Sarawak 21 50 0 71
Selangor 12 10 6 28
Kuala Lumpur 1 4 0 5
Putrajaya 2 1 0 3
Labuan 1 2 0 3

Vaccinations data[edit]

As of 20 June 2021[66][67][68][69][70]

Vaccinations by state[edit]

State/Federal Territory Vaccinated
(at least one dose) 		People with the second dose Percentage
 Johor 361,166 161,082 19.7%
 Kedah 213,720 105,313 24.2%
 Kelantan 182,948 80,323 31.5%
 Kuala Lumpur 697,411 141,071 51.5%
 Labuan 25,527 13,416 48.9%
 Malacca 99,328 45,355 20.9%
 Negeri Sembilan 133,716 72,264 22.6%
 Pahang 168,461 99,805 25.3%
 Penang 205,188 86,004 21.3%
 Perak 272,626 147,250 25.3%
 Perlis 53,651 27,621 46.3%
 Putrajaya 33,272 20,073 44.2%
 Sabah 316,881 131,966 40.8%
 Sarawak 570,994 181,690 39%
 Selangor 626,510 207,077 17%
 Terengganu 115,995 68,605 26.2%
Total 5,675,002 (all)
4,086,087 (first dose) 		1,588,915 (second dose) 10.54%

Vaccination charts[edit]

Notes and references[edit]

  1. ^ As of June 21st, 2021. These figures excludes doses received from COVAX program, which Malaysia has received 0.83 million out of expected 6.4 doses as of June 21st, 2021.[4]
  2. ^ Via COVAX program[10]
  3. ^ Sabah only
  4. ^ Not part of national immunization program, but private healthcare and state government are allowed to purchase this vaccine as it has been approved by the World Health Organization.[14]
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  2. ^ Azman, Fareez (4 February 2021). "Khairy dilantik sebagai Menteri Penyelaras Program Imunisasi COVID-19 Kebangsaan - Muhyiddin". Astro Awani. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
  3. ^ Hamid, Amir Abd (24 February 2021). "Program Imunisasi Covid-19 Kebangsaan bermula [METROTV]". MyMetro. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
  4. ^ a b c Chandran Shankar, Arjuna (2021-06-21). "Malaysia has received 8.59 mil vaccine doses from Pfizer, Sinovac, AstraZeneca so far — MOH". The Edge. Retrieved 2021-06-22.
  5. ^ https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/pfizerbiontech-vaccine-given-conditional-registration-use-malaysia-%E2%80%94-khairy
  6. ^ https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/astrazeneca-covid19-vaccine-gets-conditional-registration-approval-malaysian-authorities
  7. ^ https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/malaysia-approves-sinovac-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccines-use-2021-03-02/
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  9. ^ a b "Malaysia grants conditional approval for CanSino, J&J COVID-19 vaccines". Reuters. 2021-06-15. Retrieved 2021-06-15.
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External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=COVID-19_vaccination_in_Malaysia&oldid=1029893965"