COVID-19 pandemic in Newfoundland and Labrador

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search

COVID-19 pandemic in Newfoundland and Labrador
DiseaseCOVID-19
Virus strainSARS-CoV-2
LocationNewfoundland and Labrador, Canada
First outbreakWuhan, Hubei, China
Index caseSt. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
Arrival dateMarch 14, 2020[1]
(1 year, 8 months and 5 days)
Confirmed cases2,031
Active cases22
Hospitalized cases0
Recovered1,985
Deaths
17
Fatality rate0.8%
Vaccinations
  • 455,475 (94.22%) (people with at least one dose)
  • 428,618 (88.67%) (fully vaccinated people)
Government website
Newfoundland and Labrador Covid-19 Pandemic Update Hub

The COVID-19 pandemic in Newfoundland and Labrador is an ongoing viral pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a novel infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As of November 17, 2021, there have been 2,031 cases and seventeen deaths confirmed in Newfoundland and Labrador. 334,272* tests have been completed as of October 29, 2021.

  • An update on the number of tests performed since October 29, 2021, has not been available due to an IT-outage affecting the NL health care system.[2]

The province announced its first presumptive case on March 14, 2020, and declared a public health emergency on March 18. Health orders, including the closure of non-essential businesses, and mandatory self-isolation for all travellers entering the province (even from within Canada) were enacted over the days that followed. After the initial outbreaks, the number of cases in Newfoundland remained relatively low, with several stretches of days with no cases over early-to-mid-2020. The province began a gradual lifting of restrictions on a five-stage scale on May 11, 2020.

Cases continued to remain relatively low and stable over the summer months of 2020, although several clusters (including the first case involving a school student) emerged in November and December. In February 2021, the province began to experience a major surge in new cases and community transmission, including its largest single-day increases to-date. On February 12, 2021, a second lockdown was declared after samples from these cases tested positive for the highly-transmissible SARS-CoV2 variant B.1.1.7. The province began to emerge from the second lockdown on February 27, returning to its prior state ("Alert Level 2") with modifications on March 27.

Timeline[edit]

Initial outbreaks, first lockdown[edit]

On March 14, the first presumptive case was announced in the province's capital city of St. John's.[1] On March 16, this increased to three cases. Chief Medical Officer Janice Fitzgerald stated that these new cases "are contacts to the previous case and are not unexpected."[3] The Newfoundland and Labrador English School District announced that it had suspended in-person classes.[4] A public health emergency was officially declared by Health Minister John Haggie on March 18, which introduced the first wave of health orders enforceable by law, with fines of $2,500 and up to six years imprisonment for individuals, and up to $50,000 for companies.[5]

On March 18, 2020, the province began to enact orders pursuant to the public health emergency; public gatherings were restricted to 50 people, and all arenas, bars, cinemas, and gyms were ordered closed. Restaurants were limited to 50% in-person capacity.[5] On March 20, the province mandated that anyone entering Newfoundland, including from other provinces, must self-isolate for 14 days on arrival.[6] On March 21, Newfoundland and Labrador Liquor Corporation stores were closed to in-person shopping.[6][7] On March 23, the province ordered the closure of personal care services and non-essential retail stores. Gatherings were also limited to 10 people, and visitation at long-term care homes was prohibited province-wide that evening.[8]

On March 23, the number of cases in Newfoundland and Labrador increased to 24.[8] On March 24, a woman was arrested in Corner Brook for refusing to self-isolate after she returned from a trip outside the province.[9] By March 25, the number of cases had risen to 67; 44 of them were associated with an outbreak at Caul's Funeral Home in St. John's, which occurred between March 15 and 17.[10][11] On March 30, the province reported Newfoundland's first COVID-19-related death, a 78-year-old with underlying conditions. The case had been linked to the Caul's outbreak. The province reached 148 cases.[12]

Easing restrictions, the Atlantic Bubble[edit]

By mid-April, the number of daily cases had lessened, including streaks of days with no new cases at all.[13] By April 30, 2020, there had been 258 cases and 3 deaths in Newfoundland and Labrador, no new cases in the last four days, and only two in the past 13. Fitzgerald announced a plan to gradually lift restrictions using a five-tier framework of "Alert Levels", with the existing restrictions classified as Alert Level 5. One immediate change was that households were now allowed to form a "bubble" with one other household for close contacts.[14]

On May 4, 2020, Newfoundland enacted a strict ban on entry into the province by non-residents unless otherwise exempted.[15] On May 5, 2020, the House of Assembly passed a bill to amend the Public Health Protection and Promotion Act, authorizing police officers to stop vehicles, enter any premises, and detain people and take them to the border if they are not complying with public health measures.[16][17][18] On May 7, 2020, the province reported its first increase in active cases since April 6.[19]

Newfoundland and Labrador entered "Alert Level 4" on May 11, which allowed some businesses and low-risk recreational activities to resume.[20] On May 20, the province reported its first new case in 20 days, bringing its total to 261. The case was identified as being related to travel.[21]

The province advanced to "Alert Level 3" on June 8, allowing the reopening of non-essential retail, in-person dining at restaurants, and "medium-risk" outdoor recreation. Fitzgerald stated that only one new, aforementioned case tied to travel had been recorded during the timeframe of Alert Level 4. She stated that the province could transition to "Alert Level 2" within at least three weeks, but that "there's a lot of things that we would be considering, and no one thing in particular will necessarily make that decision for us."[22][23] On June 17, Fitzgerald announced that the province would move to Alert Level 2 on June 25, after having lasted 20 days without new cases.[24]

On June 24, 2020, it was announced that an "Atlantic Bubble" would be formed beginning July 3, under which residents of the Atlantic provinces would be able to travel between them without self-isolation requirements. Travel into the bubble from outside of the provinces would still be subject to restrictions, and was subject to rules enforced on a provincial basis.[25][26] By July 3, Newfoundland had gone 36 days without new COVID-19 cases.[27] On July 10, the 43-day streak ended with one new case announced, involving a traveler who had recently returned from Ontario.[28] On July 21, Newfoundland reported another new case related to travel, followed by one more involving a close contact of said patient.[29]

On August 17, 2020, Fitzgerald announced that the province would mandate the wearing of face masks within enclosed public spaces beginning August 24.[30] The Newfoundland and Labrador English School District also unveiled its back-to-school plan for K-12 students.[31]

On October 3, 2020, the province reported its fourth COVID-19-related death, its first since April. The patient had returned from Central Africa on September 29, and died on October 1.[32]

Collapse of the Atlantic Bubble, increasing caseload[edit]

On November 18, 2020, Fitzgerald identified a potential outbreak at the Blue Crest Cottages retirement home in Grand Bank, with a cluster of four cases tied to the facility.[33]

On November 22, 2020, amid an increase in cases over the weekend on Newfoundland, the town council of Deer Lake issued a request for all non-essential businesses to close through December 7.[34] On November 23, 2020, the province announced that it had detected the first COVID-19 case within its school system, involving a student at Elwood Elementary in Deer Lake. Education Minister Tom Osborne announced that Elwood Elementary would close for the next two days.[35] Premier Andrew Furey announced that Newfoundland would suspend its participation in the Atlantic Bubble for at least 14 days.[36][37]

By December 4, 2020, the province had reached 343 total cases, with 27 active. Premier Furey announced that the province had established a logistics team for distribution of COVID-19 vaccines, and stated that they would be "highly suggested" but not mandatory.[38]

On December 5, 2020, a cluster was identified in Harbour Breton after three people tested positive. Out of an abundance of caution, classes were suspended at St. Joseph's Elementary and King Academy on December 7.[39][40] A mobile testing clinic was set up in the community, with public health officials encouraging all residents to be tested.[41]

UK variant outbreaks, second lockdown[edit]

On February 8, 2021, 11 new cases were reported, in Newfoundland's largest single-day increase since April 2020. The province reported that there had been a large number of close contacts associated with two positive cases at a St. John's high school.[42] 30 cases were reported on February 9, all in the Eastern health region. It was the province's second largest daily increase to-date. Fitzgerald stated that this was evidence of wide community transmission, and ordered a circuit breaker in St. John's effective at midnight. Gatherings held by "recognized" businesses and organizations were restricted to 20 participants, restaurants were capped at 50% capacity, and all recreational facilities were ordered closed.[43][44]

On February 10, the province reported a single-day high of 53 new cases, with most said to be among those under the age of 20, and all among residents of the Eastern health region (including one who was tested in Central but resides in Eastern). Fitzgerald warned that low case counts in the province had led to complacency, and that "we are now seeing the repercussions." Additional restrictions were also announced, including the closure of all non-essential businesses in the St. John's metropolitan area, and the province-wide suspension of all group and team sports, and all group arts and cultural activities involving close contact.[45] The Newfoundland and Labrador English School District suspended all in-person classes in the area through at least February 26.[46]

On February 11, Newfoundland announced 100 new cases, its largest increase to-date, with all but one in the Eastern health region. The province issued various self-isolation orders for students who had participated in gatherings or team sports within the St. John's area, and made anyone showing a COVID-19 symptom eligible to receive testing. Fitzgerald commented on the surge, explaining that "'I'm not trying to say that they did anything wrong; I just think that it's what got us to where we are, I'm not judging anybody; it's just what has gotten us here and what we need to change so that we can get ourselves out of here." Fitzgerald also stated that health officials were sending out samples to be sequenced for SARS-CoV-2 variants.[47] In-person voting for 18 ridings in the 2021 Newfoundland and Labrador general election was postponed indefinitely.[47]

On February 12, the province announced 50 new cases.[48] Later that night, Fitzgerald announced that 19 samples sent to a laboratory in Winnipeg had sequenced for Lineage B.1.1.7 (the "UK variant"), and that all recent outbreaks would be assumed to have involved this strain. Fitzgerald therefore declared a second lockdown with a province-wide rollback to Alert Level 5, including the closure of all non-essential businesses, and strict restrictions on gatherings. It was concurrently announced that due to the lockdown, all in-person voting for the 2021 general election would be cancelled, with the election being conducted exclusively with mail-in ballots—the first election to do so in Canadian history.[49][50][51]

On February 24, the province announced its fifth COVID-19-related death, its first since October 2020. Fitzgerald stated that an update on provincial restrictions would be issued on February 26, but that "as long as the variant circulates outside our province, it will make its way back into our province. This means we are always at risk for another outbreak if we don't remain vigilant.". She also warned residents to not take the recent decline in cases as a "false sense of security".[52] The province confirmed a sixth death and four new cases on February 27.[53]

Return to Alert Level 2[edit]

On February 26, 2021, Fitzgerald announced that due to community transmission being limited outside of the St. John's region (with only five presently-active cases being outside of the Eastern region), the rest of the province outside of the Avalon would revert to Alert Level 4 effective 12:01 a.m. on February 27. The Avalon remained at Alert Level 5, and all alert levels would be re-evaluated in two weeks.[54][55] On March 13, all levels were decreased by one, with the Avalon downgraded to Alert Level 4, and the remainder of the province at Alert Level 3.[56]

On March 24, Fitzgerald announced that the entire province would return to Alert Level 2 effective 12:01 a.m. on March 27, but with modifications in order to discourage excessive close contacts. Most gatherings will be capped at 50 people, and households may form a social bubble with up to 20 close, consistent contacts. Team sports leagues must obtain permission to resume competitive play by submitting proposals to the health authority.[57]

Events following the February 2021 Outbreak[edit]

On August 10, 2021, Newfoundland and Labrador's mask mandate was removed. However, on September 18, 2021, Dr. Fitzgerald reintroduced the mask mandate province-wide citing concerns of the Delta variant in other parts of the country.[58]

On September 27, 2021, following an outbreak in Central Newfoundland, health officials announced their eighth new death; the first since February 24, 2021. The man was between the ages of 60-69 years of age.[59]

On September 28, 2021, health officials announced that Newfoundland and Labrador's participation in the Atlantic Bubble will be suspended on September 30, 2021, until further notice.[60] This requires all travelers, regardless of which province you reside in, to submit the Declaration Form found on the government's website.[61] The suspension is in response to the Delta-driven fourth wave across the Atlantic region, and the change in Newfoundland and Labrador's epidemiology curve.

On October 1, 2021, Newfoundland and Labrador announced their ninth and tenth death; a male in the Central Health region and a female in the Eastern Health region, both age 70 years and older.[62]

Health officials announced the province's eleventh death on October 8. A female in the Central Health region who was over the age of 70 years.[63]

On October 12, 2021, Newfoundland and Labrador announced 21 new Covid-19 cases, 62 recoveries and two deaths over the Thanksgiving long weekend. The two deaths were in the Central Health region and involved two males, one between 60-69 years of age and the other over the age of 70 years.[64]

The province announced their fourteenth and fifteenth deaths on October 18, 2021, raising the death toll to 15 since the start of the pandemic.[65]

On October 27, 2021, health officials announced 20 new Covid-19 cases, nine recoveries, and one death, bringing the death total to 16 since March 2020.[66]

Provincial health officials announced their seventeeth death on November 15, 2021. The man, aged 70 years or older, resided in the Central health region.[67] This is the first death in the province related to COVID-19 since October 18, 2021, raising the death toll to 17.

Four new cases were announced on November 17, 2021, along with 13 recoveries, leaving 22 active cases; the lowest active case count in months.

Burin Peninsula COVID-19 Outbreak[edit]

On October 22, 2021, health officials announced a cluster of cases in the Marystown area on the Burin Peninsula. Since then, the investigation into the source has been ongoing. To date, a total of 74 confirmed cases have been associated with this cluster.[68] Prior to announcement, on October 19, 2021, Newfoundland and Labrador's Acting Chief Medical Officer of Health Dr. Rosann Seviour announced that four schools were involved in the recently announced cases. The schools involved are Bayview Academy in St. George’s, Heritage Collegiate in Lethbridge, Anthony Paddon Elementary in Musgravetown, and Sacred Heart Academy in Marystown.[69]

On October 22, 2021, Chief Medical Officer of Health Dr. Janice Fitzgerald held a media briefing to announce 30 new Covid-19 cases. She also confirmed that the recently announced cases on the Burin Peninsula, specifically in Marystown, is now forming into a new cluster. As of the same date, there were 25 confirmed cases in the Marystown region, with 22 of those cases involving school-aged children. As a result, Dr. Fitzgerald announced that communities in the Marystown and Burin areas will move to Alert Level 3 effective 12:01am on Saturday, October 23, 2021. The communities affected are: Red Fox Harbour south to Epworth-Grand Salmonier including Rock Harbour, Spanish Room, Beau Bois, Marystown, Burin, Lewin's Cove, Jean de Baie, Fox Cove-Mortier, Frenchman's Cove and Garnish.[70]

On October 25, 2021, Public Health officials announced 36 new Covid-19 cases, eight recoveries and no deaths. Out of the 36 new cases, 35 of them were connected to the Marystown cluster, and included 23 cases in those under the age of 20. Marystown mayor Brian Keating announced on VOCM Morning Show on October 25, 2021, that there are now 58 cases linked to the cluster. Later that day, Public Health officials confirmed this number in a news release.[71]

Fifteen of the 20 new cases reported on October 27, 2021, were associated with this cluster.

As of November 5, 2021, 83 cases have been linked to the Marystown cluster.

Also on November 5, 2021, health officials announced that all towns and communities on the Burin Peninsula will return to Alert Level 2, effective immediately. Public health officials stated that although a source has yet to be determined, the risk of residents in this area contracting COVID-19 is deemed low.[72]

Impact on schools[edit]

Public Health officials notified the Newfoundland and Labrador English School District (NLESD) on October 21, 2021, that a number of students attending Sacred Heart Academy in Marystown had tested positive for COVID-19. This prompted the NLESD to move classes to online learning, effective immediately, until Public Health says otherwise.[73] Three days later on October 24, 2021, the NLESD announced that a student attending Donald C. Jamieson Academy in Burin had tested positive for COVID-19 and students will be transitioning to online learning effective Tuesday, October 26, with Monday, October 25, being a transition day for teachers to gather their resources.

The NLESD announced on October 26, 2021, that two students at Pearce Junior High School in Marystown have tested positive for COVID-19.[74] Furthermore, the District also announced the same day that a "small number" of students at Marystown Central High School may have been exposed to COVID-19 after a student tested positive.[75] Unlike the elementary schools that are experiencing an outbreak in the same area, the District opted to keep both schools open, rather than moving students to online learning until the investigation is completed.

Chief Public Health Officer Dr. Janice Fitzgerald held a media briefing on October 29, 2021, and announced that the Delta variant was the cause of the outbreak currently happening in the Marystown area. Moreover, Dr. Fitzgerald announced that the COVID protocols in elementary schools have been amended and will include masking for all children in grades K-3. Prior to this, masking was required for children from grades 4-12. Regulated child care centres were also included and staff at those centres will now be required to wear a mask.[76]

The NLESD announced on November 2, 2021, that both Anthony Paddon Elementary and Heritage Collegiate can return to a "low risk" protocol, meaning both schools will resume in-person learning.[77][78]

Provincial response[edit]

Alert level system[edit]

On April 30, Fitzgerald unveiled A Foundation for Living with COVID-19, a framework of five Alert Levels that would allow for restrictions to be gradually lifted. Fitzgerald explained that the term "alert level" was used rather than terms such as "phase", to encourage residents to remain "alert, vigilant and aware" even at lower levels.[14]

All alert levels are subject to other public health orders and guidance, including practicing social distancing, proper hygiene, wearing face masks when in an enclosed public space, limiting non-essential travel, and conducting remote work whenever possible.[79]

Foundation for Living with COVID-19 alert level system[14][23]
Alert Level Restrictions
Alert Level 1 The province will consider lifting long-term restrictions.
Alert Level 2
  • Gatherings organized by recognized businesses and organizations are limited to 50 people.[80]
  • Households may form a social bubble with up to 20 close, consistent contacts.[80]
  • Wakes are prohibited at funerals.
  • Sports and recreational facilities, performance spaces, and indoor entertainment facilities are limited to 50 people.
  • Bars and restaurants may operate at 50% capacity.[57]
  • Campsites may offer overnight camping.
  • Places of worship may operate with restrictions.
Alert Level 3
  • Outdoor gatherings, and weddings and funerals limited to 20 people. Visitations are permitted.
  • Restaurants may offer in-person dining with a reduced capacity. Buffets are prohibited.
  • All bars and lounges must close.
  • Outdoor pools may re-open with reduced capacity, and "medium-risk" outdoor recreation may resume. Gyms, arenas, and fitness facilities remain closed.
  • Campsites may offer limited overnight camping.
Alert Level 4
  • Outdoor gatherings, weddings, funerals, and burial services limited to 10 people.
  • Households may form a "bubble" with one other household.
  • Some health care services may resume.
  • Non-essential retail stores, personal care services, private health clinics, and animal grooming services may re-open, subject to restrictions.
  • Low-risk outdoor recreation such as fishing and golf are permitted, subject to guidance.
  • Restaurants may not offer in-person dining.
  • All campsites must close.
  • Professional services, workplace training, gardening centres, and animal daycares may resume in-person operations.
Alert Level 5
  • Gatherings, burials, and weddings limited to five people. Funerals are prohibited.
  • All non-urgent health care is suspended. All private health clinics, except those of a physician or nurse practitioner, must close to non-urgent care.
  • All retail businesses that do not provide "services essential to life, health or personal safety of individuals and animals" must close.
  • All gyms and recreational facilities, performance spaces, cinemas, campsites, and playgrounds must close.

Travel restrictions[edit]

On March 18, 2020, Newfoundland mandated that anyone entering the province from outside of Canada must self-isolate for 14 days upon their return.[5] On March 20, Newfoundland mandated that anyone entering the province from elsewhere in Canada must also self-isolate.[6] On April 22, a partial exception was introduced for employees of the agriculture, hydroelectricity, mining, oil and gas, transport, and trade sectors; they must still self-isolate from the general public for 14 days, but may attend work if they do not show any signs of COVID-19 symptoms.[81]

On May 4, 2020, the province enacted a strict travel ban; only residents of the province, employees of the aforementioned industrial businesses, and those otherwise approved by the Chief Medical Officer, are allowed to travel into Newfoundland.[15]

On May 20, 2020, the travel ban was challenged in the Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador by Nova Scotia resident Kim Taylor and the Canadian Civil Liberties Association. Taylor had been barred from entering the province to attend her mother's funeral, and argued that the travel ban violated the guarantee of freedom of movement in Section 6 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.[82] In September 2020, the Court upheld the ban. Although agreeing with the opinion that the ban did violate Section 6 of the Charter, Justice Donald Burrage ruled that the ban was a reasonable limit as allowed by Section 1. He stated that "while restrictions on personal travel may cause mental anguish to some, and certainly did in the case of Ms. Taylor, the collective benefit to the population as a whole must prevail", and that "[her] right to mobility must give way to the common good."[83]

Due to the number of cases within Atlantic Canada being relatively low, Premier of Prince Edward Island Dennis King suggested in June 2020 that a travel corridor could be formed among them as early as July. Premier Dwight Ball stated that "first and foremost, any final decision that would be made on this would be have to be made in consultation with our public health officials."[84] On June 24, 2020, the Council of Atlantic Premiers announced that they had agreed to form a travel corridor, the "Atlantic Bubble", which would allow residents of the Atlantic provinces to travel between them without being required to self-isolate on arrival. The agreement would begin on July 3 [25]

On November 23, 2020, amid an increase in cases, Premier Andrew Furey announced that Newfoundland would suspend its participation in the Atlantic Bubble for 14 days. Essential travel by residents of Atlantic provinces would not require an exemption, but became subject to a self-isolation requirement.[36] On December 7, Premier Furey ruled out plans to rejoin the bubble until at least 2021, as other provinces also began to suspend their participation due to local spikes.[85] On March 18, 2021, plans were announced to reform the Atlantic Bubble no earlier than April 19, although this was later delayed to May due to outbreaks and lockdowns in New Brunswick.[86][87]

Impact[edit]

The Liberal Party delayed its leadership election from May to August as a result of the pandemic.[88]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Newfoundland and Labrador announces 1st presumptive case of new coronavirus". Global News. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  2. ^ https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/covid-nl-nov-1-2021-1.6232798
  3. ^ "Coronavirus: 3 presumptive cases now in Newfoundland and Labrador". Global News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  4. ^ "Newfoundland and Labrador COVID-19-related cancellations and postponements". www.thetelegram.com. March 13, 2020. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  5. ^ a b c "N.L. announces strict measures, including jail time, to halt the spread of COVID-19". CTV News. March 18, 2020. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  6. ^ a b c "Self-isolation for domestic travellers entering Newfoundland, as fourth COVID-19 case detected". Global News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  7. ^ "N.L.'s liquor stores are closing to walk-in traffic. Here's how you can order". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  8. ^ a b "More businesses ordered shut as N.L. coronavirus cases soar to 24". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  9. ^ "Newfoundland woman arrested for refusing to self isolate after talking to police". globalnews.ca. March 25, 2020. Archived from the original on April 21, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
  10. ^ Flanagan, Ryan (March 25, 2020). "N.L. announces 32 new COVID-19 cases; woman arrested for disobeying isolation order". CTV News. BellMedia. CTV News Atlantic. Archived from the original on March 26, 2020. Retrieved March 26, 2020.
  11. ^ McKenzie-Sutter, Holly (April 5, 2020). "Anxiety grows in N.L. as 75 per cent of COVID-19 cases traced to funeral home". CTV News. CTV News. Archived from the original on April 11, 2020. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  12. ^ "Newfoundland and Labrador records first coronavirus-related death linked to funeral home". CTV News. March 30, 2020. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  13. ^ "For the 5th time this week, no new cases of COVID-19 in N.L." CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  14. ^ a b c "Double bubble: 2-household links allowed as N.L. moves to ease COVID-19 restrictions". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  15. ^ a b Locked, Tyler Dunne-. "Travel Ban for Those Entering Province Comes Into Effect Today". VOCM. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  16. ^ "Police cannot enter Newfoundland and Labrador homes without warrant under Bill 38: Haggie". The Telegram. Archived from the original on June 6, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
  17. ^ "Police in N.L. now have sweeping powers to enforce pandemic public health orders". CBC News. Archived from the original on June 3, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
  18. ^ "Authorities can't enter private property without a warrant, but this defence lawyer still has concerns". CBC News. May 7, 2020. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  19. ^ "2 new cases of COVID-19 in N.L., bringing total to 261". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  20. ^ Smyth, Jeff. "NL Lightens Some COVID-19 Restrictions as Government Shifts to "Alert Level 4"". VOCM. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  21. ^ "1st new N.L. case of COVID-19 in 20 days linked to travel". CBC News. May 28, 2020. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  22. ^ "N.L. moves to Alert Level 3 with no new cases of COVID-19". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  23. ^ a b "Newfoundland and Labrador COVID-19 Alert Level System" (PDF). Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  24. ^ Smyth, Jeff. "NL Shifting to Alert Level 2 on June 25, Province Reaches 20 Days with No New Cases". VOCM. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  25. ^ a b "Travel bubble coming to Atlantic Canada July 3". Global News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  26. ^ "Here's what you'll need to do to enter each province in the Atlantic bubble". Global News. Archived from the original on August 2, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
  27. ^ "Another day, another zero: COVID-19 streak continues on 1st day of Atlantic bubble". CBC News. July 3, 2020.
  28. ^ "1 new COVID-19 case in N.L." CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  29. ^ "2nd new case of COVID-19 appears to be family member of case reported Tuesday | CBC News". CBC. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  30. ^ "Starting next Monday, masks will be mandatory inside Newfoundland and Labrador public spaces". The Guardian. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  31. ^ "Masks to be mandatory indoors in public starting Aug. 24 in N.L." CBC News. August 17, 2020. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  32. ^ "Newfoundland and Labrador's latest COVID-19 case related to that of a man who died in self-isolation". The Chronicle Herald. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  33. ^ "Don't panic, but don't be complacent, warns Fitzgerald, after 4th COVID-19 case in Grand Bank". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  34. ^ "N.L. town asks residents to stay home, businesses to close amid COVID-19 concerns". Atlantic. November 22, 2020. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  35. ^ [1]
  36. ^ a b "N.L. to pull out of Atlantic bubble for 2 weeks, says premier". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  37. ^ "As COVID-19 cases rise, N.L. and P.E.I. exit Atlantic bubble for at least 2 weeks". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  38. ^ "COVID-19 vaccine won't be mandatory, says N.L. premier, as team formed to distribute it". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  39. ^ [2]
  40. ^ "N.L. reports 4 new COVID-19 cases as Deer Lake begins to reopen". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  41. ^ Grimes, Jolene. "Harbour Breton in Partial Lockdown After Two Confirmed Cases of COVID-19". VOCM. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  42. ^ "11 new cases of COVID-19 in N.L., in largest single-day report since April | CBC News". CBC. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
  43. ^ "COVID-19 count soars to 30 in N.L., as Fitzgerald orders 'circuit breaker' for St. John's region". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  44. ^ "N.L. logs record 30 new COVID-19 cases, implements 'circuit breaker' in St. John's". CTV News. February 9, 2021. Retrieved February 16, 2021.
  45. ^ "Newfoundland and Labrador reports largest single-day increase with 53 COVID-19 cases". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  46. ^ "All schools closed in metro St. John's until Feb. 26 as COVID-19 outbreak swells". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  47. ^ a b "100 new COVID-19 cases as N.L. grapples with spiralling outbreak". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  48. ^ "N.L. records 50 new COVID-19 cases, as visitor restrictions tighten for seniors' homes | CBC News". CBC. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  49. ^ "'Hold fast Newfoundland and Labrador': Province confirms outbreak of U.K. COVID-19 variant". Global News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  50. ^ Jackson, Peter. "Back to Alert Level 5: Newfoundland and Labrador on full lockdown with arrival of COVID-19 variant; voting will now be by mail-in ballot only | The Chronicle Herald". The Chronicle Herald. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  51. ^ Salgo, Karl (February 23, 2021). "Newfoundland and Labrador's mail-in election is a Canadian first". iPolitics. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  52. ^ "N.L. reports 1st COVID-19 death after virus variant outbreak, as vaccine delays 'behind us'". CBC News. February 24, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2021.
  53. ^ "Newfoundland and Labrador reports sixth COVID-19 death and four new cases". Canadian Press. February 27, 2021. Retrieved April 16, 2021.
  54. ^ "Active COVID-19 cases take a nosedive as regions outside Avalon move to Alert Level 4". CBC News. Retrieved February 26, 2021.
  55. ^ "Public Advisory: Four New Cases of COVID-19 in Newfoundland and Labrador". News Releases. February 26, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2021.
  56. ^ "Most of N.L. is now in Alert Level 3 — here's what that means". CBC News. Retrieved March 18, 2021.
  57. ^ a b "All of N.L. to return to Alert Level 2 on Saturday, as Fitzgerald loosens pandemic restrictions". CBC News. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  58. ^ https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/covid19-newfoundland-labrador-september-17-masks-1.6179835#:~:text=Masks%20required%20in%20taxis%2C%20fitness,cinemas%2C%20other%20public%20indoor%20spaces&text=Masks%20will%20once%20again%20be,COVID%2D19%20briefing%20Friday%20afternoon.
  59. ^ https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/covid-nl-sept-27-2021-1.6190972
  60. ^ https://vocm.com/2021/09/28/province-reports-14-cases-of-covid-19-updates-travel-restrictions/
  61. ^ https://travel-declaration.nlchi.nl.ca/
  62. ^ https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/nl-covid-19-october-1-21-1.6196044
  63. ^ https://www.gov.nl.ca/releases/2021/health/1008n02/
  64. ^ https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/covid-update-oct-12-1.6207947
  65. ^ https://www.gov.nl.ca/releases/2021/health/1018n05/
  66. ^ https://www.gov.nl.ca/releases/2021/health/1027n06/
  67. ^ https://www.gov.nl.ca/releases/2021/health/1115n04/
  68. ^ https://www.gov.nl.ca/releases/2021/health/1027n06/
  69. ^ https://vocm.com/2021/10/20/nine-new-cases-covid19-2021/
  70. ^ https://www.gov.nl.ca/releases/2021/health/1022n04/
  71. ^ https://www.gov.nl.ca/releases/2021/health/1025n07/
  72. ^ https://www.gov.nl.ca/releases/2021/health/1105n05/
  73. ^ https://www.nlesd.ca/families/doc/memo-sha-central-102121.pdf
  74. ^ https://www.nlesd.ca/families/doc/memo-pjh-central-102621.pdf
  75. ^ https://www.nlesd.ca/families/doc/memo-mch-central-102621.pdf
  76. ^ https://vocm.com/2021/10/29/eight-new-cases-of-covid-19-reported-in-the-province-today-all-students-k-6-must-wear-masks/
  77. ^ https://www.nlesd.ca/families/doc/memo-ap-central-110221.pdf
  78. ^ https://www.nlesd.ca/families/doc/memo-hc-central-110221.pdf
  79. ^ "Public Health Guidance for All Alert Levels". Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  80. ^ a b "Alert Level 2". COVID-19. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  81. ^ "Workers from outside N.L. exempt from COVID-19 isolation order at MUN's science building". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  82. ^ Fine, Sean (May 20, 2020). "Newfoundland faces court challenge to ban on non-essential travel from outside province". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on August 9, 2020. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  83. ^ "N.L. travel ban upheld in provincial Supreme Court ruling". CBC News. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  84. ^ Sam Juric; Wayne Thibodeau (June 11, 2020). "Atlantic premiers hesitant to commit to regional travel bubble". CBC News. Archived from the original on June 12, 2020. Retrieved June 11, 2020.
  85. ^ "Province out of Atlantic bubble until at least January: Furey". thestar.com. December 7, 2020. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  86. ^ "Start of Atlantic bubble delayed by at least 2 weeks, pushed into May". Global News. Retrieved April 16, 2021.
  87. ^ "Premiers announce Atlantic Bubble scheduled to reopen by April 19". CTV News Atlantic. March 18, 2021. Retrieved April 16, 2021.
  88. ^ "Newfoundland and Labrador Liberal leadership race continues amid COVID-19 pandemic". www.thetelegram.com. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=COVID-19_pandemic_in_Newfoundland_and_Labrador&oldid=1055803323"