Yanqing District

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"Yenking" redirects here. For the ancient Chinese city, see Yanjing (disambiguation).
Yanqing
延庆区
District
Ancient cave dwellings of the Guyaju Ruins are located in Yanqing.
Ancient cave dwellings of the Guyaju Ruins are located in Yanqing.
Location of Yanqing in Beijing
Location of Yanqing in Beijing
CountryPeople's Republic of China
MunicipalityBeijing
Township-level divisions3 subdistricts
11 towns
4 townships[1]
SeatRulin Subdistrict[2]
Area
 • Total1,992 km2 (769 sq mi)
Population
 (2019)
 • Total289,093
 • Density150/km2 (380/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
102100
Area code(s)0010
Websitehttp://www.bjyq.gov.cn/
Yanqing
Traditional Chinese延慶
Simplified Chinese延庆
PostalYenking

Yanqing District (simplified Chinese: 延庆区; traditional Chinese: 延慶區; pinyin: Yánqìng Qū), formerly known as Yanqing County before 2015, is a district of the municipality of Beijing located northwest of the city proper of Beijing. The district consists of 3 subdistricts, 11 towns and 4 townships,[1] and borders the Beijing districts of Huairou to the east and Changping to the south as well as the Hebei counties of Huailai to the west and Chicheng to the north. The district will host alpine skiing, bobsled, luge and skeleton during the 2022 Winter Olympics.

Climate[edit]

Yanqing District has a continental monsoon climate, a transitional zone between temperate zone and mid-temperate zone, semi-arid and semi-humid zone. The climate is cold in winter and is cool in summer, with an average annual temperature of 8℃. It has an area of 105 square kilometers in the tropical zone, with abundant shallow geothermal resources. With 2,800 hours of sunshine per year, it is the region with the most abundant solar energy resources in Beijing. Also, Yanqing's wind resources account for 70% of Beijing.[3]

Geomorphic feature[edit]

The Yanqing Badaling Great Wall Basin is surrounded by mountains on three sides in the north, south, east, and Guanting Reservoir to the west, namely the Yanhuai Basin. Yanqing is located in the east of the basin, with an average elevation of about 500 meters. Haituo Mountain is the highest peak in the territory, with an elevation of 2241 meters and the second highest peak in Beijing.[4]

Administrative divisions[edit]

There are 3 subdistricts, 11 towns, and 4 townships in the district.[1]

Urban area of Yanqing District[edit]

The Yanqing District government is located at Rulin Subdistrict.[2] The urban area of Yanqing District is composed of Baiquan Subdistrict, Rulin Subdistrict, Xiangshuiyuan Subdistrict and Yanqing Town, with a population that exceeds 100,000. The urban area has a central business district and exhibition center.

List of subdivisions of Yanqing District[edit]

Name[1] Chinese (S) Hanyu Pinyin Population (2010)[5] Area (km2)
Rulin Subdistrict
(district government seat[2])		 儒林街道 Rúlín Jiēdào 125,659 14.26
Baiquan Subdistrict 百泉街道 Bǎiquán Jiēdào 6.20
Xiangshuiyuan Subdistrict 香水园街道 Xiāngshuǐyuán Jiēdào 7.45
Yanqing town 延庆镇 Yánqìng Zhèn 47.00
Kangzhuang town 康庄镇 Kāngzhuāng Zhèn 33,487 75.00
Badaling town 八达岭镇 Bādálǐng Zhèn 8,094 96.00
Yongning town 永宁镇 Yǒngníng Zhèn 24,075 158.70
Jiuxian town 旧县镇 Jiùxiàn Zhèn 19,932 109.70
Zhangshanying town 张山营镇 Zhāngshānyíng Zhèn 23,769 248.00
Sihai town 四海镇 Sìhǎi Zhèn 6,001 115.70
Qianjiadian town 千家店镇 Qiānjiādiàn Zhèn 9,463 371.00
Shenjiaying town 沈家营镇 Shěnjiāyíng Zhèn 12,021 37.30
Dayushu town 大榆树镇 Dàyúshù Zhèn 21,630 64.00
Jingzhuang town 井庄镇 Jǐngzhuāng Zhèn 10,646 125.70
Dazhuangke Township 大庄科乡 Dàzhuāngkē Xiāng 5,276 126.57
Liubinbao Township 刘斌堡乡 Liúbīnbǎo Xiāng 6,088 116.20
Xiangying Township 香营乡 Xiāngyíng Xiāng 7,782 96.00
Zhenzhuquan Township 珍珠泉乡 Zhēnzhūquán Xiāng 3,503 114.00

Population[edit]

At the end of 2019, there were 145,474 households in Yanqing District. Among them, 70,386 agricultural households. The registered population is 289093 people. Among them, 14,045 are female permanent residents. The resident population is 35.7, of which 4.5 are permanent migrants, accounting for 12.6% of the resident population. Among the permanent population, the urban population is 21.3, accounting for 59.7% of the permanent population. The permanent population was born at 8.22‰, and the birth rate was 5.84‰. The natural growth rate of the permanent population was 2.38‰.[6]

Culture and tourism[edit]

The district is rich in historical sites and outdoor attractions.

The most visited attraction of Yanqing is Badaling, a restored section of the Great Wall, that is highly popular with tourists. Badaling Remnant (Shixiaguan) and Shuiguan sections of the Great Wall in Yanqing are to the west and east respectively of the highly popular Badaling and receive spillover visitors especially during peak periods.

One of the most popular day-trips for residents of Beijing is the Longqing Gorge located in the village of Gucheng in the district. The scenic area features a canyon filled at the bottom with a reservoir from a nearby man made dam, providing short boat cruises along the dramatic landscape of narrow peaks.[7][8]

The remnants of a 1,000 year old cliff dwelling community date back to the Tang Dynasty are found at Guyaju Ruins near the village of Dongmenying.[9] Archaeologists are uncertain about the origins of Guyaju. One theory holds that the Kumo Xi, a steppe tribe, carved from the rocks the halls and hundreds of dwellings that form a fortress community in the caves.[9][10]

Another historical attraction is the town of Yongning. The town square tower was restored in the 2000s and there is a Gothic Revival Catholic church from the 19th century.[11]

Commune by the Great Wall is in the district.[12]

Scenic spots and historical sites[edit]

Beijing Wild Duck Lake Wetland[edit]

The Wild Duck Lake Wetland is located in northwest of Yanqing District, Beijing. It is a national 4A scenic spot and an artificial wetland composed of the Yanqing area of Guanting Reservoir. It is one of the most important bird habitats in Beijing and even North China. In July 1997, the Beijing Wild Duck Lake Wetland was established, and it was a municipal-level nature reserve in December 2000. The total area of the reserve is 6,873 hectares, of which the wetland area is 3939 hectares.[13]

Badaling Great Wall[edit]

Main article: Badaling Great Wall

The Badaling Great Wall is one of the most famous scenes in Yanqing, which is located at the north entrance of Guan'gou Ancient Road, Jundushan, Yanqing District, Beijing. It is an essential part of the Great Wall of China, a great project in ancient China, and a strait mouth of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty. The Badaling Great Wall is an essential outpost of Juyong Pass.[14]

Longqing Gorge[edit]

Main article: Longqing Gorge

The Longqing Gorge is located in the northwest of Gucheng Village, 85 kilometers away from Beijing City. It is a national 4A scenic spot and one of the sixteen scenic spots in Beijing. The water originates from the eastern foot of Haituo and flows into Gucheng Reservoir through Yudu Mountain. Since Yanqing has a cold winter and a long icing period. Longqing Gorge has used this unique natural condition to hold the Ice Lantern Art Festival since 1987. The Longqing Gorge Ice Lantern Art Exhibition has become a traditional project of winter tourism in the capital.[15]

Vanke Shijinglong Ski Resort[edit]

Named after Vanke, this ski resort was completed in 1999. It is a national 3A scenic spot located in Yanqing, Beijing, 80 kilometers away from downtown Beijing. It is the first ski resort in the surrounding area of Beijing, with the large scale, complete equipment and facilities, and the pioneer in China to adopt artificial snowmaking. It also has a rare southern slope in Beijing, where visitors can ski in the warm sunshine in winter. The snowfield covers an area of 600 acres, and there are six ski trails in the snowfield.[16]

Transportation[edit]

Yanqing District is an important transportation hub in the north of Beijing, with urban and rural roads extending in all directions. At the end of 2018, the highway mileage of the whole region reached 1833.4 kilometers, 0.9 kilometers less than the end of the previous year.[17]

The Jingbao Railway, Daqin Railway,Beijing-Tibet (Badaling) Expressway, Jingxin Expressway, China National Highway 110, S216, S323, etc., pass through the district.[3] Construction of the Xingyan Expressway is about to start, and by then, it will take 30 minutes to reach downtown Beijing.[4]

Suburban railway[edit]

The Beijing-Baotou railway and the Line S2 of the suburban railway are convenient for passenger and cargo transportation. The Beijing-Zhangjiakou intercity railway opened its Yanqing branch on December 1, 2020, and it takes 26 minutes to commute to downtown Beijing.[18] Yanqing is served by one commuter railway line operated by Beijing Suburban Railway (BCR). Line S2 (both the main and branch lines) starts from Huangtudian railway station in Changping District and stops at the following stations in Yanqing:

Local food[edit]

Tofu Banquet

Tofu Banquet is a ceremonial meal in traditional Chinese weddings and celebrations. This food is made by adding cabbage, tofu, preserved pork, vermicelli, etc., into a brazier. The brazier was a heating appliance in the rural areas of northern China in the old days.[4]

Yielding fruit[edit]

Apple, Plump, Grape, etc.[3]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d 2020年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：延庆区 (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. Archived from the original on 2021-07-23. Retrieved 2021-07-24.
  2. ^ a b c "北京撤销密云县、延庆县 设立密云区、延庆区". 2015-11-17. Archived from the original on 2021-07-24. Retrieved 2021-07-24. 延庆区人民政府驻儒林街道湖北西路1号
  3. ^ a b c "Overview of Yanqing, Beijing". Archived from the original on 2021-06-29. Retrieved 2021-06-29.
  4. ^ a b c "General situation of Yanqing". Archived from the original on 2021-06-29. Retrieved 2021-06-29.
  5. ^ Census Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China; Population and Employment Statistics Division of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China (2012). 中国2010人口普查分乡、镇、街道资料 (1 ed.). Beijing: China Statistics Print. ISBN 978-7-5037-6660-2.
  6. ^ "Overview of the population". Archived from the original on 2021-06-29. Retrieved 2021-06-29.
  7. ^ "Beijing's best day trips: lakes and rivers". Time Out Beijing. May 2, 2017. Archived from the original on May 7, 2018. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
  8. ^ "Longqing Gorge 龙庆峡". The Beijinger. Archived from the original on 2018-05-07. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  9. ^ a b "1000 Years Old Houses Carved out of Rock: Guyaju Ruins". China Underground. April 10, 2016. Archived from the original on February 7, 2018. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
  10. ^ Kirch, John (June 13, 2018). "One hour out: Beijing Beyond the Great Wall to the Guyaju Caves". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on July 25, 2019. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
  11. ^ "Beijing rebuilds its ancient town". China Daily. July 21, 2003. Archived from the original on October 3, 2018. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
  12. ^ "Commune by the Great Wall". SOHO China. Archived from the original on 2020-07-08. Retrieved 2020-09-04. Shuiguan Great Wall Exit, No. 53, G6 JingzangHighway, Beijing - The page is also available in Mandarin Chinese. Chinese address: "北京G6京藏高速公路53号水关长城出口"
  13. ^ "The history of The Beijing Wild Duck Lake Wetland". Archived from the original on 2021-06-29. Retrieved 2021-06-29.
  14. ^ "The introduction of Beijing Badaling Great Wall". Archived from the original on 2021-06-29. Retrieved 2021-06-29.
  15. ^ "The Longqing Gorge". Archived from the original on 2019-08-04. Retrieved 2021-06-29.
  16. ^ "Vanke Shijinglong Ski Resort opened: to create the first Internet + Ski Resort". Archived from the original on 2021-06-29. Retrieved 2021-06-29.
  17. ^ "Yanqing District's 2019 National Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletin". Archived from the original on 2022-01-13. Retrieved 2021-06-29.
  18. ^ "京张高铁延庆支线今晨通车 清河到延庆只用26分钟". 2020-12-01. Archived from the original on 2021-01-02. Retrieved 2021-07-23.

External links[edit]

Media related to Yanqing District at Wikimedia Commons

Coordinates: 40°27′52″N 115°58′49″E / 40.464521°N 115.980185°E / 40.464521; 115.980185

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