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Battle of Kharkiv (2022)

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For other battles in Kharkiv, see Battle of Kharkiv.

Battle of Kharkiv (2022)
Part of the Northeastern Ukraine offensive and the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

Current Russian advancement in and around Kharkiv
Date24 February 2022 – present (1 month and 1 day)[1]
Location
Kharkiv, Kharkiv Oblast
Status Ongoing
Belligerents
 Russia  Ukraine
Commanders and leaders
Vitaly Gerasimov †[2]
Units involved

 Russian Armed Forces

 Ukrainian Armed Forces

Casualties and losses
Unknown Per Ukraine (as of 7 March): 76 killed, 124 wounded[7]
  • Per Ukraine:
  • 234–500 civilians killed[8][9]
  • 600,000+ evacuated[10]

The Battle of Kharkiv is an ongoing military engagement taking place in and around the city of Kharkiv in Ukraine as part of the Northeastern Ukraine offensive during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[11][12] Kharkiv, located just 32 kilometres (20 mi) south of the Russia–Ukraine border and a predominately Russian-speaking city, is the second largest city in Ukraine and is considered a major target for the Russian military.[13][14]

The battle has been described as one of the deadliest battles in the invasion, with Oleksiy Arestovych, a Ukrainian presidential adviser, describing it as the "Stalingrad of the 21st century."[15]

Battle

February

On 24 February, Russian forces amassed in Belgorod crossed the border and began advancing towards Kharkiv, meeting Ukrainian resistance.[14] Russian artillery fired barrages at the city, killing a young boy.[16]

By 25 February, fierce fighting had broken out in the northern suburbs of the city, near the village of Tsyrkuny, where Ukrainian forces were able to hold against Russian forces.[17]

An apartment block in Kharkiv partially ruined by a missile, 26 February

On 26 February, Oleh Synyehubov, the Governor of Kharkiv Oblast, claimed that the entire city remained under Ukrainian control.[18] American officials reported that the heaviest fighting of the entire conflict was occurring at Kharkiv.[19]

In the early morning of 27 February, Russian forces destroyed a gas pipeline in Kharkiv.[20][21] Later in the morning, Russian forces entered Kharkiv, with Synyehubov reporting that heavy fighting was occurring within the city,[22][23] and Ministry of Internal Affairs advisor Anton Herashchenko claiming street fighting was underway in the city center.[24][25]

Russian Ministry of Defense spokesman Igor Konashenkov later claimed that Russian forces had secured the surrender of the Ukrainian 302nd Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment and captured 471 Ukrainian soldiers, a claim that Ukrainian officials denied.[26][27] Ukrainian officials claimed that their forces had destroyed half of Russian military vehicles that had advanced into Kharkiv, including at least 6 GAZ Tigr-Ms.[28][29]

By the afternoon of 27 February, Synyehubov reported that Ukrainian forces had regained full control of the city.[30][31][32] He added that dozens of Russian soldiers had surrendered.[33]

On 28 February, Herashchenko claimed that Russian rocket strikes on the city had killed dozens of civilians,[34] while Synyehubov reported that 11 civilians were killed and dozens wounded,[35][36] and Ihor Terekhov, the mayor of Kharkiv, reporting that nine civilians were killed and 37 were wounded.[37] One of those killed was a 25-year old student from Algeria, who was killed by a Russian sniper.[38]

Later on 28 February, Terekhov reported that Russian forces were beginning to destroy electrical substations in Kharkiv, resulting in some areas of the city being disconnected from power, heating, and water. He also added that 87 homes had been damaged in Russian shelling.[39] It was also reported that the Malyshev Factory had been destroyed by Russian shelling.[40][41]

Later on 28 February, Human Rights Watch stated that Russian forces used cluster bombs in the Industrialnyi, Moskovskyi, and Shevchenkivskyi districts of the city. Human Rights Watch noted that the use of cluster bombs is prohibited by the 2010 Convention on Cluster Munitions and that their use "might constitute a war crime", due to the threat they pose to civilians.[42]

March

The shelling of Kharkiv regional state administration on 1 March

On the morning of 1 March, a Russian 3M54-1 Kalibr missile struck Freedom Square in central Kharkiv, detonating in front of the Kharkiv Oblast administrative building.[43][44][45] The Slovene consulate was destroyed in the blast.[46] An opera house and a concert hall were also damaged.[47] Total casualties of the strike are unclear, with multiple Ukrainian officials reporting varying numbers; at least 7 were killed and at least 24 were wounded.[48][49][50]

The Biathlon Federation of Ukraine later reported that one of the Ukrainian soldiers killed in Kharkiv on 1 March was Yevgeny Malyshev, a biathlete and former member of the Ukrainian national team.[51]

A street in downtown Kharkiv after being shelled

Later on 1 March, it was reported that an 21-year old Indian student studying at Kharkiv National Medical University had been killed during Russian shelling. The student was from the village of Chalageri in Karnataka.[52][53] According to the local Indian student coordinator, he was killed by an airstrike in the morning while he stood in a line-up to buy groceries.[54] Indian authorities later announced they had evacuated all Indian nationals from Kyiv as part of a wider operation. Of the 8,000 Indian students that were still in Ukraine on 1 March, around half were located in Kharkiv and Sumy.[55] A member of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine, Mayna Fenina, was also killed during shelling on 1 March.[56]

School of Economics of the National University of Kharkiv, 2 March
Aftermath of shelling in Krasnodarska, 7 March

On 2 March, Synyehubov stated that at least 21 people had been killed and 112 wounded in the previous 24 hours.[57] Russian paratroopers landed in Kharkiv and conducted a raid on a Ukrainian military hospital after an aerial assault on the city, leading to heavy clashes between Russian and Ukrainian forces. A local official later claimed that Ukrainian forces still controlled the hospital.[58][59]

The Kharkiv Police headquarters, a military academy, and the National University of Kharkiv were damaged by Russian shelling during the morning.[60][61] Several residential areas were also struck by Russian missiles.[48] Russian missiles later struck Freedom Square again, damaging the Kharkiv City Council building and the Derzhprom, in addition to some high-rise buildings.[62]

On the night of 2 March, two missiles struck the headquarters of the Kharkiv Territorial Defense Forces. The Assumption Cathedral, which was being used as a shelter by civilians, was also damaged.[63] CNN released a report claiming that of all the 16 locations in Kharkiv targeted by Russian shelling that week, only 3 were non-civilian areas.[64]

The Security Service of Ukraine stated on 6 March that Russian BM-21 Grads were shelling the Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology, which houses a nuclear research facility, and warned it could lead to a large-scale ecological disaster.[65] The International Atomic Energy Agency stated the next day that the nuclear research facility had reportedly been damaged but there was no radiation leak.[66] Local emergency officials stated that at least eight civilians had been killed in the shelling on the city overnight.[67] The Azerbaijani consulate in the city was meanwhile severely damaged[68] and the Albanian consulate was demolished.[69]

A rocket stuck in an apartment ceiling

On 7 March, the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense announced that Ukrainian forces had killed Russian Major General Vitaly Gerasimov, a deputy commander of the 41st Combined Arms Army.[70] Other Russian officers were also killed in the attack.[71]

On 8 March, Synyehubov stated that more than 600,000 civilians had been evacuated from the city via railways.[10] Ukrainian officials stated that all of Kharkiv was under their control, and that aside from some shelling on the outskirts of the city, no Russian offensive action was being taken.[72]

On 10 March, the State Emergency Service of Ukraine stated that 4 people, including 2 children, were killed by Russian shelling in Kharkiv. Russian shelling also destroyed a shopping mall in the center of the city.[73] Later, Herashchenko claimed that a Russian airstrike had struck the Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology.[74]

On 14 March, Russian shelling hit a residential area, killing two civilians and wounding one.[75] The following day, Synyehubov claimed that the city had been shelled 65 times on 14 March, killing a civilian, and that 600 residential buildings had been destroyed in Kharkiv.[76]

On 16 March, Ukrainian officials claimed that 3 civilians were killed and 5 were wounded when Russian forces shelled a market.[77]

On 18 March, Kharkiv Regional Prosecutor's Office reported about shelling of residential buildings in Slobidskyi and Moskovskyi districts of the city. In addition, building of the Institute of State Administration of the National Academy for Public Administration was partially ruined.[78] Russian shelling of Saltivka killed Boris Romanchenko (96), who survived 4 Nazi concentration camps and was engaged in preserving the memory of the crimes of Nazism.[79][80]

On 19 March, Oleg Sinegubov, the head of the Kharkiv military administration, stated that the northern suburbs of Kharkiv had been under constant bombardment and that the city center was being struck by shells and rockets. Sinegubov claimed that one of the buildings that had been destroyed was the Kharkiv Regional Court of Appeal. He also stated that Ukrainian forces had counter-attacked, pushing Russian forces away from the outskirts of the city.[81]

On 24 March, a Russian airstrike hit a Nova Poshta office, killing six civilians and injuring at least 15.[82]

Casualties

According to the local police, 209 people had been killed as of 7 March, including 133 civilians. In addition, 443 people, including 319 civilians, had been wounded.[7] On 16 March the State Emergency Service of Ukraine stated that at least 500 civilians had been killed in the battle so far.[9]

References

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