Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (S.C. 2001, c. 27)

Act current to 2016-06-21 and last amended on 2015-07-01. Previous Versions

DIVISION 5Loss of Status and Removal

Report on Inadmissibility

Marginal note:Preparation of report
  •  (1) An officer who is of the opinion that a permanent resident or a foreign national who is in Canada is inadmissible may prepare a report setting out the relevant facts, which report shall be transmitted to the Minister.

  • Marginal note:Referral or removal order

    (2) If the Minister is of the opinion that the report is well-founded, the Minister may refer the report to the Immigration Division for an admissibility hearing, except in the case of a permanent resident who is inadmissible solely on the grounds that they have failed to comply with the residency obligation under section 28 and except, in the circumstances prescribed by the regulations, in the case of a foreign national. In those cases, the Minister may make a removal order.

  • Marginal note:Conditions

    (3) An officer or the Immigration Division may impose any conditions, including the payment of a deposit or the posting of a guarantee for compliance with the conditions, that the officer or the Division considers necessary on a permanent resident or a foreign national who is the subject of a report, an admissibility hearing or, being in Canada, a removal order.

Admissibility Hearing by the Immigration Division

Marginal note:Decision

 The Immigration Division, at the conclusion of an admissibility hearing, shall make one of the following decisions:

  • (a) recognize the right to enter Canada of a Canadian citizen within the meaning of the Citizenship Act, a person registered as an Indian under the Indian Act or a permanent resident;

  • (b) grant permanent resident status or temporary resident status to a foreign national if it is satisfied that the foreign national meets the requirements of this Act;

  • (c) authorize a permanent resident or a foreign national, with or without conditions, to enter Canada for further examination; or

  • (d) make the applicable removal order against a foreign national who has not been authorized to enter Canada, if it is not satisfied that the foreign national is not inadmissible, or against a foreign national who has been authorized to enter Canada or a permanent resident, if it is satisfied that the foreign national or the permanent resident is inadmissible.

Loss of Status

Marginal note:Permanent resident
  •  (1) A person loses permanent resident status

    • (a) when they become a Canadian citizen;

    • (b) on a final determination of a decision made outside of Canada that they have failed to comply with the residency obligation under section 28;

    • (c) when a removal order made against them comes into force;

    • (c.1) on a final determination under subsection 108(2) that their refugee protection has ceased for any of the reasons described in paragraphs 108(1)(a) to (d);

    • (d) on a final determination under section 109 to vacate a decision to allow their claim for refugee protection or a final determination to vacate a decision to allow their application for protection; or

    • (e) on approval by an officer of their application to renounce their permanent resident status.

  • Marginal note:Effect of renunciation

    (1.1) A person who loses their permanent resident status under paragraph (1)(e) becomes a temporary resident for a period of six months unless they make their application to renounce their permanent resident status at a port of entry or are not physically present in Canada on the day on which their application is approved.

  • Marginal note:Effect of ceasing to be citizen

    (2) A person becomes a permanent resident if he or she ceases to be a citizen under

    • (a) paragraph 10(1)(a) of the Citizenship Act, as it read immediately before the coming into force of section 8 of the Strengthening Canadian Citizenship Act, other than in the circumstances set out in subsection 10(2) of the Citizenship Act, as it read immediately before that coming into force;

    • (b) subsection 10(1) of the Citizenship Act, other than in the circumstances set out in section 10.2 of that Act; or

    • (c) paragraph 10.1(3)(a) of the Citizenship Act, other than in the circumstances set out in section 10.2 of that Act.

  • 2001, c. 27, s. 46;
  • 2012, c. 17, s. 19;
  • 2013, c. 16, s. 20;
  • 2014, c. 22, s. 43.
Marginal note:Temporary resident

 A foreign national loses temporary resident status

  • (a) at the end of the period for which they are authorized to remain in Canada;

  • (b) on a determination by an officer or the Immigration Division that they have failed to comply with any other requirement of this Act; or

  • (c) on cancellation of their temporary resident permit.

Enforcement of Removal Orders

Marginal note:Enforceable removal order
  •  (1) A removal order is enforceable if it has come into force and is not stayed.

  • Marginal note:Effect

    (2) If a removal order is enforceable, the foreign national against whom it was made must leave Canada immediately and the order must be enforced as soon as possible.

  • 2001, c. 27, s. 48;
  • 2012, c. 17, s. 20.
Marginal note:In force
  •  (1) A removal order comes into force on the latest of the following dates:

    • (a) the day the removal order is made, if there is no right to appeal;

    • (b) the day the appeal period expires, if there is a right to appeal and no appeal is made; and

    • (c) the day of the final determination of the appeal, if an appeal is made.

  • Marginal note:In force — claimants

    (2) Despite subsection (1), a removal order made with respect to a refugee protection claimant is conditional and comes into force on the latest of the following dates:

    • (a) the day the claim is determined to be ineligible only under paragraph 101(1)(e);

    • (b) in a case other than that set out in paragraph (a), seven days after the claim is determined to be ineligible;

    • (c) if the claim is rejected by the Refugee Protection Division, on the expiry of the time limit referred to in subsection 110(2.1) or, if an appeal is made, 15 days after notification by the Refugee Appeal Division that the claim is rejected;

    • (d) 15 days after notification that the claim is declared withdrawn or abandoned; and

    • (e) 15 days after proceedings are terminated as a result of notice under paragraph 104(1)(c) or (d).

  • 2001, c. 27, s. 49;
  • 2012, c. 17, s. 21.
Marginal note:Stay

 A removal order is stayed

  • (a) if a decision that was made in a judicial proceeding — at which the Minister shall be given the opportunity to make submissions — would be directly contravened by the enforcement of the removal order;

  • (b) in the case of a foreign national sentenced to a term of imprisonment in Canada, until the sentence is completed;

  • (c) for the duration of a stay imposed by the Immigration Appeal Division or any other court of competent jurisdiction;

  • (d) for the duration of a stay under paragraph 114(1)(b); and

  • (e) for the duration of a stay imposed by the Minister.

Marginal note:Void — permanent residence

 A removal order that has not been enforced becomes void if the foreign national becomes a permanent resident.

Marginal note:No return without prescribed authorization
  •  (1) If a removal order has been enforced, the foreign national shall not return to Canada, unless authorized by an officer or in other prescribed circumstances.

  • Marginal note:Return to Canada

    (2) If a removal order for which there is no right of appeal has been enforced and is subsequently set aside in a judicial review, the foreign national is entitled to return to Canada at the expense of the Minister.

 
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